<s>
Spawning	B-Architecture
networks	I-Architecture
are	O
a	O
new	O
class	O
of	O
programmable	B-General_Concept
networks	O
that	O
automate	O
the	O
life	O
cycle	O
process	O
for	O
the	O
creation	O
,	O
deployment	O
,	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
network	B-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
networks	O
are	O
capable	O
of	O
spawning	O
distinct	O
child	O
virtual	B-Protocol
networks	I-Protocol
with	O
their	O
own	O
transport	O
,	O
control	O
,	O
and	O
management	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
definition	O
is	O
created	O
because	O
the	O
deployment	O
of	O
new	O
network	B-Architecture
architectures	I-Architecture
,	O
services	O
,	O
and	O
protocols	O
is	O
often	O
manual	O
,	O
ad	O
hoc	O
,	O
and	O
time-consuming	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
definition	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
a	O
paper	O
titled	O
Spawning	B-Architecture
Networks	I-Architecture
,	O
published	O
in	O
IEEE	O
Networks	O
by	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
researchers	O
from	O
Columbia	O
University	O
,	O
University	O
of	O
Hamburg	O
,	O
Intel	O
Corporation	O
,	O
Hitachi	O
Limited	O
,	O
and	O
Nortel	O
Networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
was	O
also	O
a	O
paper	O
titled	O
"	O
The	O
Genesis	O
Kernel	O
:	O
A	O
Programming	O
System	O
for	O
Spawning	O
Network	B-Architecture
Architectures	I-Architecture
"	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
first	O
implementation	O
of	O
Spawning	B-Architecture
Networks	I-Architecture
was	O
realized	O
at	O
Columbia	O
University	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Ph.D	O
thesis	O
work	O
of	O
Michael	O
Kounavis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
implementation	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
design	O
of	O
the	O
Genesis	O
Kernel	O
,	O
a	O
programming	O
system	O
consisting	O
of	O
three	O
layers	O
:	O
A	O
transport	O
environment	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
collection	O
of	O
programmable	B-General_Concept
virtual	O
routers	O
,	O
a	O
programming	O
environment	O
which	O
offers	O
open	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
programmable	B-General_Concept
data	O
path	O
and	O
a	O
life	O
cycle	O
environment	O
which	O
is	O
responsible	O
for	O
spawning	O
and	O
managing	O
network	B-Architecture
architectures	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
concepts	O
used	O
in	O
design	O
of	O
the	O
Genesis	O
Kernel	O
is	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
a	O
network	B-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
based	O
on	O
a	O
profiling	O
script	O
specifying	O
the	O
architecture	O
components	O
and	O
their	O
interaction	O
.	O
</s>
