<s>
Spatial	B-General_Concept
descriptive	I-General_Concept
statistics	I-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
intersection	O
of	O
spatial	O
statistics	O
and	O
descriptive	B-General_Concept
statistics	I-General_Concept
;	O
these	O
methods	O
are	O
used	O
for	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
purposes	O
in	O
geography	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
quantitative	O
data	O
analyses	O
involving	O
Geographic	B-Application
Information	I-Application
Systems	I-Application
(	O
GIS	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ripley	O
's	O
K	O
and	O
L	O
functions	O
introduced	O
by	O
Brian	O
D	O
.	O
Ripley	O
are	O
closely	O
related	O
descriptive	B-General_Concept
statistics	I-General_Concept
for	O
detecting	O
deviations	O
from	O
spatial	O
homogeneity	O
.	O
</s>
