<s>
Soup	B-Device
is	O
the	O
file	B-Application
system	I-Application
for	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
Newton	I-Device
platform	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
shallow	O
database	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Newton	B-Device
considers	O
its	O
internal	O
storage	O
,	O
and	O
each	O
inserted	O
card	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
separate	O
"	O
store	O
"	O
(	O
a	O
volume	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Any	O
store	O
may	O
have	O
either	O
read/write	O
"	O
soups	B-Device
"	O
(	O
databases	O
)	O
or	O
read-only	O
objects	O
called	O
"	O
packages	O
"	O
(	O
packages	O
are	O
roughly	O
equivalent	O
to	O
applications	B-Application
,	O
though	O
they	O
may	O
also	O
be	O
storage	O
areas	O
or	O
plug-ins	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
soup	B-Device
is	O
a	O
simple	O
,	O
one-table	O
database	O
of	O
"	O
entries	O
"	O
which	O
may	O
be	O
indexed	O
in	O
different	O
ways	O
and	O
queried	O
by	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
methods	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Various	O
soups	B-Device
store	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
's	O
equivalent	O
of	O
"	O
documents	O
"	O
or	O
"	O
files.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Newton	B-Device
has	O
a	O
rich	O
set	O
of	O
indexing	O
and	O
querying	O
mechanisms	O
for	O
soups	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Soup	B-Device
entries	O
may	O
be	O
"	O
tagged	O
"	O
with	O
some	O
user-defined	O
string	O
;	O
applications	B-Application
use	O
these	O
tags	O
to	O
mimic	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
filing	O
entries	O
into	O
"	O
folders	O
,	O
"	O
with	O
each	O
folder	O
identified	O
by	O
a	O
user-defined	O
string	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Soups	B-Device
have	O
an	O
accompanying	O
ID	O
symbol	O
which	O
represents	O
a	O
soup	B-Device
of	O
that	O
"	O
kind	O
;	O
"	O
this	O
ID	O
is	O
assigned	O
to	O
a	O
soup	B-Device
by	O
the	O
application	O
which	O
created	O
it	O
and	O
uses	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
Hemlock	O
(	O
an	O
Internet	B-Application
search	I-Application
tool	O
for	O
the	O
Newton	B-Device
)	O
maintains	O
two	O
soups	B-Device
,	O
each	O
with	O
a	O
different	O
ID	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
soup	B-Device
holds	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
search	B-Application
engines	I-Application
,	O
the	O
other	O
holds	O
the	O
query	O
results	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Soups	B-Device
on	O
different	O
stores	O
may	O
have	O
the	O
same	O
ID	O
,	O
meaning	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
the	O
same	O
kind	O
of	O
soup	B-Device
,	O
just	O
spread	O
out	O
on	O
different	O
cards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
applications	B-Application
access	O
soups	B-Device
,	O
they	O
usually	O
do	O
so	O
by	O
querying	O
and	O
accessing	O
a	O
"	O
union	O
soup	B-Device
"	O
object	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
an	O
application	O
's	O
perspective	O
,	O
union	O
soups	B-Device
merge	O
all	O
the	O
soups	B-Device
of	O
a	O
given	O
ID	O
on	O
different	O
stores	O
into	O
one	O
unified	O
soup	B-Device
for	O
that	O
ID	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
happens	O
dynamically	O
;	O
when	O
a	O
user	O
adds	O
or	O
removes	O
cards	O
,	O
the	O
union	O
soup	B-Device
changes	O
automatically	O
,	O
each	O
application	O
is	O
notified	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
update	O
their	O
presentation	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
reflect	O
this	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
if	O
the	O
user	O
pulls	O
out	O
a	O
card	O
containing	O
a	O
Note	O
Pad	O
soup	B-Device
,	O
the	O
appropriate	O
soup	B-Device
entries	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
notes	O
"	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
Note	O
Pad	O
's	O
union	O
soup	B-Device
automatically	O
disappear	O
,	O
the	O
Note	O
Pad	O
is	O
notified	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
display	O
is	O
updated	O
to	O
show	O
that	O
these	O
entries	O
are	O
now	O
gone	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Treating	O
documents	O
as	O
database	O
entries	O
in	O
a	O
global	O
union	O
soup	B-Device
made	O
Newtons	B-Device
very	O
apt	O
at	O
handling	O
multiple	O
cards	O
being	O
yanked	O
and	O
inserted	O
while	O
applications	B-Application
are	O
running	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
a	O
few	O
global	O
soups	B-Device
which	O
all	O
applications	B-Application
use	O
;	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
one	O
is	O
the	O
"	O
System	O
"	O
soup	B-Device
,	O
which	O
stores	O
global	O
information	O
for	O
applications	B-Application
,	O
commonly	O
application	O
preferences	O
.	O
</s>
