<s>
The	O
Soundfield	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
is	O
an	O
audio	O
microphone	B-Application
composed	O
of	O
four	O
closely	O
spaced	O
subcardioid	O
or	O
cardioid	O
(	O
unidirectional	O
)	O
microphone	B-Application
capsules	O
arranged	O
in	O
a	O
tetrahedron	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
function	O
as	O
a	O
mono	O
,	O
stereo	O
or	O
surround	O
sound	O
microphone	B-Application
,	O
optionally	O
including	O
height	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Soundfield	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
was	O
invented	O
by	O
Michael	O
Gerzon	O
and	O
Peter	O
Craven	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Their	O
theoretical	O
design	O
was	O
developed	O
into	O
a	O
practical	O
microphone	B-Application
system	O
by	O
Calrec	O
Audio	O
Limited	O
,	O
who	O
launched	O
the	O
first	O
Soundfield	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
in	O
1978	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1993	O
,	O
the	O
Soundfield	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
part	O
of	O
Calrec	O
was	O
separated	O
out	O
as	O
the	O
company	O
SoundField	B-Algorithm
Limited	O
,	O
who	O
further	O
developed	O
the	O
range	O
of	O
products	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	O
original	O
patents	O
relating	O
to	O
the	O
Soundfield	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
expired	O
,	O
other	O
companies	O
have	O
started	O
to	O
manufacture	O
Soundfield	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2016	O
,	O
the	O
parent	O
company	O
of	O
RØDE	O
Microphones	B-Application
,	O
The	O
Freedman	O
Group	O
,	O
acquired	O
SoundField	B-Algorithm
from	O
then-owner	O
TSL	O
Products	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
well	O
as	O
keeping	O
the	O
existing	O
range	O
of	O
SoundField	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
and	O
processors	O
in	O
production	O
,	O
RØDE	O
launched	O
a	O
collaboration	O
marque	O
,	O
'	O
SoundField	B-Algorithm
By	O
RØDE	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
microphone	B-Application
under	O
the	O
collaboration	O
,	O
the	O
SoundField	B-Algorithm
By	O
RØDE	O
NTSF-1	O
,	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
September	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Soundfield	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
kit	O
,	O
consisting	O
of	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
and	O
a	O
signal	O
processor	O
,	O
produces	O
two	O
distinct	O
sets	O
of	O
audio	O
signals	O
called	O
A-Format	O
and	O
B-Format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
set	O
,	O
the	O
A-Format	O
,	O
is	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
Soundfield	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
itself	O
and	O
consists	O
of	O
the	O
four	O
signals	O
from	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
capsules	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Depending	O
on	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
model	O
,	O
this	O
transformation	O
can	O
be	O
performed	O
in	O
either	O
hardware	O
or	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
B-Format	O
is	O
the	O
standard	O
audio	O
format	O
produced	O
by	O
a	O
soundfield	B-Algorithm
kit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
are	O
the	O
constant	O
(	O
W	O
)	O
and	O
linear	O
(	O
X	O
,	O
Y	O
,	O
Z	O
)	O
terms	O
in	O
the	O
multipole	O
expansion	O
of	O
a	O
function	O
on	O
the	O
sphere	O
–	O
in	O
effect	O
,	O
it	O
approximates	O
the	O
wave	O
field	O
on	O
a	O
sphere	O
around	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
recreate	O
the	O
three-dimensional	O
soundfield	B-Algorithm
,	O
however	O
the	O
soundfield	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
particularly	O
shows	O
its	O
versatility	O
in	O
a	O
stereo	O
or	O
mono	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
combining	O
the	O
signals	O
in	O
various	O
proportions	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
derive	O
any	O
number	O
of	O
first-order	O
microphones	B-Application
,	O
pointing	O
in	O
any	O
direction	O
,	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
recording	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
instance	O
,	O
provided	O
the	O
W	O
,	O
X	O
,	O
Y	O
and	O
Z	O
signals	O
are	O
recorded	O
separately	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
pinpoint	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
to	O
a	O
certain	O
response	O
from	O
the	O
audience	O
even	O
after	O
recording	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
software	O
that	O
perform	O
these	O
calculations	O
are	O
Visual	O
Virtual	O
Microphone	B-Application
,	O
SoundField	B-Algorithm
's	O
Surround	O
Zone	O
and	O
Ambisonic	O
Studio	O
's	O
B2X	O
decoders	O
plug-ins	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
other	O
words	O
,	O
the	O
B-format	O
recording	O
can	O
be	O
decoded	O
to	O
model	O
any	O
number	O
of	O
microphones	B-Application
pointing	O
in	O
arbitrary	O
directions	O
:	O
each	O
microphone	B-Application
's	O
pattern	O
can	O
be	O
selected	O
to	O
be	O
omnidirectional	O
,	O
cardioid	O
,	O
hypercardioid	O
,	O
figure-of-eight	O
,	O
or	O
anything	O
in	O
between	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Note	O
however	O
that	O
this	O
information	O
only	O
allows	O
the	O
direction	O
of	O
sound	O
at	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
to	O
be	O
reproduced	O
–	O
microphone	B-Application
responses	O
pointing	O
in	O
any	O
direction	O
can	O
be	O
synthesized	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
allow	O
the	O
reconstruction	O
of	O
what	O
a	O
microphone	B-Application
at	O
a	O
different	O
point	O
in	O
space	O
would	O
record	O
.	O
</s>
