<s>
A	O
smartwatch	B-Application
is	O
a	O
wearable	B-Operating_System
computer	I-Operating_System
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
a	O
watch	O
;	O
modern	O
smartwatches	B-Application
provide	O
a	O
local	O
touchscreen	B-Device
interface	I-Device
for	O
daily	O
use	O
,	O
while	O
an	O
associated	O
smartphone	B-Application
app	I-Application
provides	O
management	O
and	O
telemetry	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
long-term	O
biomonitoring	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
early	O
models	O
could	O
perform	O
basic	O
tasks	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
calculations	O
,	O
digital	O
time	O
telling	O
,	O
translations	O
,	O
and	O
game-playing	B-Application
,	O
smartwatches	B-Application
released	O
since	O
2015	O
have	O
more	O
general	O
functionality	O
closer	O
to	O
smartphones	B-Application
,	O
including	O
mobile	B-Application
apps	I-Application
,	O
a	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
and	O
WiFi/Bluetooth	O
connectivity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
smartwatches	B-Application
function	O
as	O
portable	O
media	O
players	O
,	O
with	O
FM	O
radio	O
and	O
playback	O
of	O
digital	O
audio	O
and	O
video	O
files	O
via	O
a	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
headset	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
models	O
,	O
called	O
watch	B-Application
phones	I-Application
(	O
or	O
phone	O
watches	O
)	O
,	O
have	O
mobile	O
cellular	O
functionality	O
such	O
as	O
making	O
telephone	O
calls	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
internal	O
hardware	O
varies	O
,	O
most	O
have	O
an	O
electronic	B-Device
visual	I-Device
display	I-Device
,	O
either	O
backlit	O
LCD	B-Device
or	O
OLED	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
use	O
transflective	B-General_Concept
or	O
electronic	O
paper	O
,	O
to	O
consume	O
less	O
power	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Peripheral	B-Device
devices	I-Device
may	O
include	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
,	O
thermometers	O
,	O
accelerometers	O
,	O
pedometers	O
,	O
heart	O
rate	O
monitors	O
,	O
altimeters	O
,	O
barometers	O
,	O
compasses	O
,	O
GPS	O
receivers	O
,	O
tiny	O
speakers	B-Device
,	O
and	O
microSD	B-Device
cards	I-Device
,	O
which	O
are	O
recognized	O
as	O
storage	B-Device
devices	I-Device
by	O
many	O
other	O
kinds	O
of	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Software	O
may	O
include	O
digital	O
maps	O
,	O
schedulers	B-Application
and	O
personal	O
organizers	O
,	O
calculators	B-Application
,	O
and	O
various	O
kinds	O
of	O
watch	O
faces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
watch	O
may	O
communicate	O
with	O
external	B-Device
devices	I-Device
such	O
as	O
sensors	O
,	O
wireless	O
headsets	B-Device
,	O
or	O
a	O
head-up	B-Application
display	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
other	O
computers	O
,	O
a	O
smartwatch	B-Application
may	O
collect	O
information	O
from	O
internal	O
or	O
external	O
sensors	O
and	O
it	O
may	O
control	O
,	O
or	O
retrieve	O
data	O
from	O
,	O
other	O
instruments	O
or	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
may	O
support	O
wireless	O
technologies	O
such	O
as	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
,	O
Wi-Fi	O
,	O
and	O
GPS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
many	O
purposes	O
,	O
a	O
"	O
watch	O
computer	O
"	O
serves	O
as	O
a	O
front	O
end	O
for	O
a	O
remote	O
system	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
smartphone	B-Application
,	O
communicating	O
with	O
the	O
smartphone	B-Application
using	O
various	O
wireless	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Smartwatches	B-Application
are	O
advancing	O
,	O
especially	O
their	O
design	O
,	O
battery	O
capacity	O
,	O
and	O
health-related	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
developed	O
by	O
Seiko	O
Epson	O
and	O
was	O
powered	O
by	O
a	O
computer	B-Architecture
on	I-Architecture
a	I-Architecture
chip	I-Architecture
and	O
was	O
compatible	O
with	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
popular	O
PCs	O
of	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
including	O
Apple	O
II	O
,	O
II+	O
and	O
IIe	O
,	O
BBC	B-Device
Micro	I-Device
,	O
Commodore	O
64	O
,	O
IBM	O
PC	O
,	O
NEC	O
8201	O
,	O
Tandy	O
Color	O
Computer	O
,	O
Model	O
1000	O
,	O
1200	O
,	O
2000	O
and	O
TRS-80	O
Model	O
I	O
,	O
III	O
,	O
4	O
and	O
4p	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
RC-20	O
Wrist	B-Application
Computer	I-Application
was	O
released	O
in	O
1985	O
,	O
under	O
the	O
joint	O
brand	O
name	O
"	O
Seiko	O
Epson	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
1980s	O
,	O
Casio	O
began	O
to	O
market	O
a	O
successful	O
line	O
of	O
"	O
computer	B-Application
watches	I-Application
"	O
,	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
its	O
calculator	B-Application
watches	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Novelty	O
"	O
game	B-Application
watches	I-Application
"	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Nelsonic	O
game	B-Application
watches	I-Application
,	O
were	O
also	O
produced	O
by	O
Casio	O
and	O
other	O
companies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Timex	B-Application
Datalink	I-Application
wristwatch	O
,	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
early	O
Timex	B-Application
Datalink	I-Application
Smartwatches	B-Application
realized	O
a	O
wireless	O
data	O
transfer	O
mode	O
to	O
receive	O
data	O
from	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Appointments	O
and	O
contacts	O
created	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Schedule+	I-Application
,	O
the	O
predecessor	O
of	O
MS	O
Outlook	O
,	O
could	O
be	O
easily	O
transmitted	O
to	O
the	O
watch	O
via	O
a	O
screen	O
blinking	O
light	O
protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1998	O
,	O
Steve	O
Mann	O
invented	O
,	O
designed	O
,	O
and	O
built	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
first	O
Linux	B-Application
wristwatch	O
,	O
which	O
he	O
presented	O
at	O
IEEE	O
ISSCC2000	O
on	O
7	O
February	O
2000	O
,	O
where	O
he	O
was	O
named	O
"	O
the	O
father	O
of	O
wearable	B-Operating_System
computing	I-Operating_System
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
See	O
also	O
Linux	B-Application
Journal	O
,	O
where	O
Mann	O
's	O
Linux	B-Application
wristwatch	O
appeared	O
on	O
the	O
cover	O
and	O
was	O
the	O
feature	O
article	O
of	O
LJ	O
Issue	O
75	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Seiko	O
launched	O
the	O
Ruputer	B-Application
in	O
Japan	O
–	O
a	O
wristwatch	B-Application
computer	I-Application
with	O
a	O
3.6MHz	O
processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
not	O
very	O
successful	O
,	O
since	O
instead	O
of	O
a	O
touchscreen	B-Device
it	O
used	O
a	O
joystick-like	O
device	O
to	O
input	O
characters	O
(	O
much	O
like	O
high	O
scores	O
in	O
arcade	O
games	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
small	O
screen	O
with	O
a	O
resolution	O
at	O
102x64	O
in	O
4	O
greyscales	O
made	O
it	O
hard	O
to	O
read	O
large	O
amounts	O
of	O
text	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Outside	O
of	O
Japan	O
,	O
this	O
watch	O
was	O
distributed	O
as	O
the	O
Matsucom	O
onHand	B-Application
PC	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
the	O
rather	O
low	O
demand	O
,	O
the	O
Matsucom	O
onHand	B-Application
PC	I-Application
was	O
distributed	O
until	O
2006	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
a	O
smartwatch	B-Application
with	O
a	O
rather	O
long	O
life	O
cycle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ruputer	B-Application
and	O
onHand	B-Application
PC	I-Application
applications	O
are	O
fully	O
compatible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
watch	O
is	O
sometimes	O
considered	O
the	O
first	O
smartwatch	B-Application
as	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
one	O
to	O
offer	O
graphics	O
display	O
(	O
albeit	O
monochrome	O
)	O
and	O
many	O
3rd	O
party	O
applications	O
(	O
mostly	O
homebrew	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1999	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
launched	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
first	O
watch	B-Application
phone	I-Application
,	O
the	O
SPH-WP10	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
had	O
a	O
protruding	O
antenna	O
,	O
a	O
monochrome	O
LCD	B-Device
screen	I-Device
,	O
and	O
a	O
90-minutes	O
of	O
talk	O
time	O
with	O
an	O
integrated	O
speaker	O
and	O
microphone	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2000	O
,	O
IBM	O
displayed	O
a	O
prototype	O
for	O
the	O
WatchPad	O
,	O
a	O
wristwatch	O
that	O
ran	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
featured	O
8MB	O
of	O
memory	O
and	O
ran	O
Linux	B-Application
2.2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WatchPad	O
1.5	O
features	O
a	O
320	O
×	O
240	O
QVGA	O
monochrome	O
touch	O
sensitive	O
display	O
and	O
runs	O
Linux	B-Application
2.4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
features	O
calendar	B-Application
software	I-Application
,	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
,	O
8MB	O
of	O
RAM	O
and	O
16MB	O
of	O
flash	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2003	O
,	O
Fossil	O
released	O
the	O
Wrist	B-Application
PDA	I-Application
,	O
a	O
watch	O
which	O
ran	O
the	O
Palm	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
and	O
contained	O
8	O
MB	O
of	O
RAM	O
and	O
4	O
MB	O
of	O
flash	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
same	O
year	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
announced	O
the	O
SPOT	B-Application
smartwatch	I-Application
and	O
it	O
began	O
hitting	O
stores	O
in	O
early	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SPOT	O
stands	O
for	O
Smart	B-Application
Personal	I-Application
Objects	I-Application
Technology	I-Application
,	O
an	O
initiative	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
to	O
personalize	O
household	O
electronics	O
and	O
other	O
everyday	O
gadgets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
device	O
was	O
a	O
standalone	O
smartwatch	B-Application
that	O
offered	O
information	O
at	O
a	O
glance	O
where	O
other	O
devices	O
would	O
have	O
required	O
more	O
immersion	O
and	O
interaction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Microsoft	B-Application
SPOT	I-Application
Watch	O
had	O
a	O
monochrome	O
90×126	O
pixel	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fossil	O
,	O
Suunto	O
,	O
and	O
Tissot	O
also	O
sold	O
smartwatches	B-Application
running	O
the	O
SPOT	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
instance	O
,	O
Fossil	O
's	O
Abacus	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
a	O
variant	O
of	O
the	O
Fossil	B-Application
Wrist	I-Application
PDA	I-Application
,	O
retailed	O
from	O
$130	O
to	O
$150	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
Ericsson	O
teamed	O
up	O
with	O
Fossils	O
,	O
and	O
released	O
the	O
first	O
watch	O
,	O
MBW-100	O
,	O
that	O
connected	O
to	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
,	O
Hermen	O
van	O
den	O
Burg	O
,	O
CEO	O
of	O
Smartwatch	B-Application
and	O
Burg	O
Wearables	B-Operating_System
,	O
launched	O
Burg	O
the	O
first	O
standalone	O
smartphone	B-Application
watch	O
with	O
its	O
own	O
SIM	O
card	O
and	O
not	O
requiring	O
to	O
be	O
tethered	O
to	O
a	O
smartphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Burg	O
received	O
the	O
award	O
for	O
the	O
Most	O
Innovative	O
Product	O
at	O
the	O
Canton	O
Fair	O
in	O
April	O
2009	O
Also	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
launched	O
the	O
S9110	O
Watch	B-Application
Phone	I-Application
which	O
featured	O
a	O
color	B-Device
LCD	I-Device
display	O
and	O
was	O
thin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
Ericsson	O
launches	O
the	O
Sony	B-Application
Ericsson	I-Application
LiveView	I-Application
,	O
a	O
wearable	O
watch	O
device	O
which	O
is	O
basically	O
an	O
external	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
display	O
for	O
an	O
Android	B-Application
Smartphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vyzin	O
Electronics	O
Private	O
Limited	O
launched	O
a	O
ZigBee	O
enabled	O
smart	B-Application
watch	I-Application
with	O
cellular	O
connectivity	O
for	O
remote	O
health	O
monitoring	O
called	O
VESAG	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Motorola	O
released	O
MOTOACTV	B-Application
on	O
6	O
November	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pebble	B-Device
(	O
watch	O
)	O
was	O
an	O
innovative	O
smartwatch	B-Application
that	O
raised	O
the	O
most	O
money	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
on	O
Kickstarter	O
reaching	O
$10.3	O
Million	O
between	O
12	O
April	O
–	O
18	O
May	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
watch	O
has	O
a	O
144	O
×	O
168	O
pixel	O
black	O
and	O
white	O
memory	O
LCD	B-Device
using	O
an	O
ultra	O
low-power	O
"	O
transflective	B-General_Concept
LCD	I-General_Concept
"	O
manufactured	O
by	O
Sharp	O
with	O
a	O
backlight	O
,	O
a	O
vibrating	O
motor	O
,	O
a	O
magnetometer	O
,	O
ambient	O
light	O
sensors	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
three-axis	O
accelerometer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
communicate	O
with	O
an	O
Android	B-Application
or	O
iOS	B-Application
device	O
using	O
both	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
2.1	O
and	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
4.0	O
(	O
Bluetooth	B-General_Concept
Low	I-General_Concept
Energy	I-General_Concept
)	O
using	O
Stonestreet	O
One	O
's	O
Bluetopia+MFi	O
software	O
stack	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
4.0	O
with	O
low	O
energy	O
(	O
LE	O
)	O
support	O
was	O
not	O
initially	O
enabled	O
,	O
but	O
a	O
firmware	O
update	O
in	O
November	O
2013	O
enabled	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
watch	O
is	O
charged	O
using	O
a	O
modified	O
USB-cable	O
that	O
attaches	O
magnetically	O
to	O
the	O
watch	O
to	O
maintain	O
water	O
resistance	O
capability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Pebble	B-Device
has	O
a	O
waterproof	O
rating	O
of	O
5	O
atm	O
,	O
which	O
means	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
submerged	O
down	O
to	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
tested	O
in	O
both	O
fresh	O
and	O
salt	O
water	O
,	O
allowing	O
one	O
to	O
shower	O
,	O
dive	O
or	O
swim	O
while	O
wearing	O
the	O
watch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
claim	O
to	O
first	O
ever	O
smartwatch	B-Application
to	O
capture	O
the	O
full	O
capability	O
of	O
a	O
smartphone	B-Application
was	O
laid	O
by	O
startup	O
Omate	O
with	O
the	O
TrueSmart	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Consumer	O
device	O
analyst	O
Avi	O
Greengart	O
,	O
from	O
research	O
firm	O
Current	O
Analysis	O
,	O
suggested	O
that	O
2013	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
"	O
year	O
of	O
the	O
smartwatch	B-Application
"	O
,	O
as	O
"	O
the	O
components	O
have	O
gotten	O
small	O
enough	O
and	O
cheap	O
enough	O
"	O
and	O
many	O
consumers	O
own	O
smartphones	B-Application
that	O
are	O
compatible	O
with	O
a	O
wearable	B-Operating_System
device	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wearable	B-Operating_System
technology	I-Operating_System
,	O
such	O
as	O
Google	B-Application
Glass	I-Application
,	O
was	O
speculated	O
to	O
evolve	O
into	O
a	O
business	O
worth	O
US$6	O
billion	O
annually	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
July	O
2013	O
media	O
report	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
major	O
consumer	O
electronics	O
manufacturers	O
were	O
undertaking	O
work	O
on	O
a	O
smartwatch	B-Application
device	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
publication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
retail	O
price	O
of	O
a	O
smartwatch	B-Application
could	O
be	O
over	O
US$300	O
,	O
plus	O
data	O
charges	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
minimum	O
cost	O
of	O
smartphone-linked	O
devices	O
may	O
be	O
US$100	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
July	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
companies	O
that	O
were	O
engaged	O
in	O
smartwatch	B-Application
development	O
activities	O
consists	O
of	O
Acer	O
,	O
Apple	O
,	O
BlackBerry	B-Operating_System
,	O
Foxconn/Hon	O
Hai	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
,	O
LG	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
,	O
Qualcomm	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
,	O
Sony	O
,	O
VESAG	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
notable	O
omissions	O
from	O
this	O
list	O
include	O
HP	O
,	O
HTC	B-Application
,	O
Lenovo	O
,	O
and	O
Nokia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Science	O
and	O
technology	O
journalist	O
Christopher	O
Mims	O
identified	O
the	O
following	O
points	O
in	O
relation	O
to	O
the	O
future	O
of	O
smartwatches	B-Application
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
physical	O
size	O
of	O
smartwatches	B-Application
is	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
large	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Insufficient	O
battery	O
life	O
is	O
an	O
ongoing	O
problem	O
for	O
smartwatch	B-Application
developers	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
battery	O
life	O
of	O
devices	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
publication	O
was	O
three	O
to	O
four	O
days	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
reduced	O
if	O
further	O
functions	O
are	O
added	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
display	O
technologies	O
will	O
be	O
invented	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
smartwatch	B-Application
research	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
success	O
level	O
of	O
smartwatches	B-Application
is	O
unpredictable	O
,	O
as	O
they	O
may	O
follow	O
a	O
similar	O
trajectory	O
to	O
netbooks	B-Device
,	O
or	O
they	O
may	O
fulfill	O
aims	O
akin	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
Glass	I-Application
,	O
another	O
wearable	O
electronic	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
4	O
September	O
2013	O
,	O
three	O
new	O
smartwatches	B-Application
had	O
been	O
launched	O
:	O
the	O
Samsung	B-Application
Galaxy	I-Application
Gear	I-Application
,	O
Sony	B-Application
SmartWatch	I-Application
2	I-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
Qualcomm	B-Device
Toq	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
PHTL	O
,	O
a	O
company	O
based	O
in	O
Dallas	O
,	O
Texas	O
,	O
completed	O
its	O
crowd-funding	O
process	O
on	O
Kickstarter	O
for	O
its	O
HOT	O
Watch	O
smartwatch	B-Application
in	O
September	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
September	O
2013	O
interview	O
,	O
Pebble	B-Device
founder	O
Eric	B-Device
Migicovsky	I-Device
stated	O
that	O
his	O
company	O
was	O
not	O
interested	O
in	O
any	O
acquisition	O
offers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Two	O
months	O
later	O
,	O
he	O
revealed	O
that	O
his	O
company	O
has	O
sold	O
190,000	O
smartwatches	B-Application
,	O
most	O
of	O
which	O
were	O
sold	O
after	O
its	O
Kickstarter	O
campaign	O
closed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Motorola	O
Mobility	O
CEO	O
Dennis	O
Woodside	O
confirmed	O
that	O
his	O
company	O
is	O
working	O
on	O
a	O
smartwatch	B-Application
during	O
a	O
December	O
2013	O
interview	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2014	O
,	O
the	O
Samsung	B-Application
Gear	I-Application
2	I-Application
was	O
released	O
among	O
the	O
few	O
smartwatches	B-Application
to	O
be	O
equipped	O
with	O
a	O
digital	B-Device
camera	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
2014	O
Consumer	O
Electronics	O
Show	O
,	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
new	O
smartwatches	B-Application
were	O
released	O
from	O
various	O
companies	O
such	O
as	O
Razer	O
Inc	O
,	O
Archos	O
,	O
and	O
several	O
other	O
companies	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
few	O
startups	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
had	O
begun	O
to	O
call	O
the	O
2014	O
CES	O
,	O
a	O
"	O
wrist	O
revolution	O
"	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
smartwatches	B-Application
released	O
and	O
the	O
huge	O
amount	O
of	O
publicity	O
they	O
began	O
to	O
receive	O
at	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
Google	B-Application
I/O	I-Application
on	O
25	O
June	O
2014	O
,	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
Wear	I-Application
platform	O
was	O
introduced	O
and	O
the	O
LG	B-Application
G	I-Application
Watch	I-Application
and	O
Samsung	B-Application
Gear	I-Application
Live	I-Application
were	O
released	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Wear-based	O
Moto	B-Application
360	I-Application
was	O
announced	O
by	O
Motorola	O
in	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
July	O
,	O
Swatch	O
's	O
CEO	O
Nick	O
Hayek	O
announced	O
that	O
they	O
will	O
launch	O
a	O
Swatch	O
Touch	O
with	O
smartwatch	B-Application
technologies	O
in	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
UK	O
,	O
the	O
Wearable	B-Operating_System
Technology	I-Operating_System
Show	O
made	O
its	O
debut	O
in	O
London	O
and	O
was	O
host	O
to	O
several	O
smartwatch	B-Application
companies	O
exhibiting	O
their	O
newest	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
launch	O
of	O
Samsung	B-Application
's	O
Gear	O
S	O
smartwatch	B-Application
was	O
covered	O
by	O
the	O
media	O
in	O
late	O
August	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
model	O
features	O
a	O
curved	O
Super	O
AMOLED	B-Algorithm
display	I-Algorithm
and	O
a	O
built-in	O
3G	B-Architecture
modem	O
,	O
with	O
technology	O
writer	O
Darrell	O
Etherington	O
stating	O
on	O
the	O
TechCrunch	O
website	O
,	O
"	O
we	O
’re	O
finally	O
starting	O
to	O
see	O
displays	O
that	O
wrap	O
around	O
the	O
contours	O
of	O
the	O
wrist	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
sticking	O
out	O
as	O
a	O
traditional	O
flat	O
surface.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
corporation	O
commenced	O
selling	O
the	O
Gear	O
S	O
smartwatch	B-Application
in	O
October	O
2014	O
,	O
alongside	O
the	O
Gear	O
Circle	O
headset	B-Device
accessory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
IFA	O
2014	O
Sony	O
Mobile	O
announced	O
the	O
third	O
generation	O
of	O
its	O
smartwatch	B-Application
series	O
,	O
the	O
Sony	B-Application
Smartwatch	I-Application
3	O
powered	O
by	O
Android	B-Application
Wear	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
9	O
September	O
2014	O
,	O
Apple	O
Inc	O
.	O
announced	O
its	O
first	O
smartwatch	B-Application
,	O
called	O
Apple	B-Device
Watch	I-Device
,	O
to	O
be	O
released	O
in	O
early	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
24	O
April	O
2015	O
,	O
Apple	B-Device
Watch	I-Device
began	O
shipping	O
across	O
the	O
world	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
's	O
first	O
try	O
into	O
wearable	B-Operating_System
technology	I-Operating_System
was	O
met	O
with	O
considerable	O
criticism	O
during	O
the	O
pre-launch	O
period	O
,	O
with	O
many	O
early	O
technology	O
reviews	O
citing	O
issues	O
with	O
battery	O
life	O
and	O
hardware	O
malfunctions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
others	O
praised	O
Apple	O
for	O
creating	O
a	O
potentially	O
fashionable	O
device	O
that	O
can	O
compete	O
with	O
"	O
traditional	O
watches	O
,	O
"	O
not	O
just	O
the	O
smartwatch	B-Application
industry	O
in	O
general	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
29	O
October	O
2014	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
announced	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Device
Band	I-Device
,	O
a	O
smart	O
fitness	B-Device
tracker	I-Device
and	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
first	O
venture	O
into	O
wrist-worn	O
devices	O
since	O
SPOT	O
(	O
Smart	B-Application
Personal	I-Application
Objects	I-Application
Technology	I-Application
)	O
a	O
decade	O
earlier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Microsoft	B-Device
Band	I-Device
was	O
released	O
at	O
$199	O
the	O
following	O
day	O
,	O
on	O
30	O
October	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2015	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
unveiled	O
the	O
Samsung	B-Device
Gear	I-Device
S2	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
2016	O
Consumer	O
Electronics	O
Show	O
,	O
Razer	O
released	O
the	O
Nabu	O
Watch	O
,	O
a	O
dual-screen	O
smartwatch	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
second	O
OLED	B-Device
screen	I-Device
,	O
activated	O
by	O
raising	O
one	O
's	O
wrist	O
,	O
allows	O
access	O
to	O
extra	O
smart	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Luxury	O
watchmaker	O
TAG	O
Heuer	O
released	O
TAG	B-Device
Heuer	I-Device
Connected	I-Device
,	O
a	O
smartwatch	B-Application
powered	O
by	O
Android	B-Application
Wear	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
31	O
August	O
2016	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
unveiled	O
the	O
Samsung	B-Application
Gear	I-Application
S3	I-Application
smartwatch	B-Application
,	O
with	O
higher	O
specifications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
at	O
least	O
two	O
models	O
:	O
the	O
Samsung	B-Application
Gear	I-Application
S3	I-Application
Classic	O
and	O
the	O
LTE	O
version	O
Samsung	B-Application
Gear	I-Application
S3	I-Application
Frontier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
top	O
smartwatches	B-Application
that	O
debuted	O
at	O
the	O
2017	O
Consumer	O
Electronics	O
Show	O
included	O
the	O
Casio	O
WSD-F20	O
,	O
Misfit	B-Device
Wearables	I-Device
Vapor	O
and	O
the	O
Garmin	O
Fenix	O
5	O
series	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
22	O
September	O
2017	O
Apple	O
released	O
their	O
Apple	B-Device
Watch	I-Device
Series	I-Device
3	I-Device
model	O
which	O
offers	O
built	O
in	O
LTE	O
cellular	O
connectivity	O
allowing	O
phone	O
calls	O
,	O
messaging	O
and	O
data	O
without	O
relying	O
on	O
a	O
nearby	O
smartphone	B-Application
connection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2018	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
introduced	O
the	O
Samsung	B-Device
Galaxy	I-Device
Watch	I-Device
series	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
its	O
September	O
2018	O
keynote	O
,	O
Apple	O
introduced	O
a	O
redesigned	O
Apple	B-Device
Watch	I-Device
Series	O
4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2020	O
,	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
Food	O
and	O
Drug	O
Administration	O
granted	O
marketing	O
approval	O
for	O
an	O
Apple	B-Device
Watch	I-Device
app	O
called	O
NightWare	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Smartwatches	B-Application
have	O
risen	O
in	O
popularity	O
during	O
the	O
2010s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Today	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
often	O
used	O
as	O
fitness	B-Device
trackers	I-Device
,	O
smartphone	B-Application
entertainment	O
or	O
communication	O
"	O
companions	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Global	O
smartwatch	B-Application
shipments	O
counted	O
14	O
million	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
quarter	O
of	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2019	O
the	O
market	O
leader	O
was	O
Apple	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
Samsung	B-Application
,	O
Imoo	O
,	O
Fitbit	B-Application
,	O
Amazfit	O
,	O
Huawei	O
,	O
Fossil	O
and	O
Garmin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
smartwatch	B-Application
smartphone	B-Application
models	O
manufactured	O
in	O
the	O
2010s	O
are	O
completely	O
functional	O
as	O
standalone	O
products	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
Apple	O
,	O
Sony	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Motorola	O
introducing	O
smartwatch	B-Application
models	O
,	O
15	O
percent	O
of	O
tech	O
consumers	O
use	O
wearable	B-Operating_System
technologies	I-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
has	O
attracted	O
advertisers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Advertising	O
on	O
wearable	B-Operating_System
devices	I-Operating_System
was	O
expected	O
to	O
increase	O
heavily	O
by	O
2017	O
as	O
advanced	O
hypertargeting	O
modules	O
were	O
introduced	O
to	O
the	O
devices	O
;	O
companies	O
aim	O
to	O
use	O
advertisements	O
tailored	O
for	O
smartwatches	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Sport	O
watch	O
"	O
functionality	O
often	O
includes	O
activity	B-Device
tracker	I-Device
,	O
or	O
fitness	B-Device
tracker	I-Device
,	O
features	O
as	O
included	O
on	O
GPS	O
watches	O
made	O
for	O
training	O
,	O
diving	O
,	O
and	O
outdoor	O
sports	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
watches	O
can	O
cooperate	O
with	O
an	O
app	O
in	O
a	O
smartphone	B-Application
to	O
carry	O
out	O
their	O
functions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
are	O
paired	O
usually	O
by	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
with	O
a	O
smartphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
these	O
only	O
work	O
with	O
a	O
phone	O
that	O
runs	O
the	O
same	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
;	O
others	O
use	O
a	O
unique	O
watch	B-Device
OS	I-Device
,	O
or	O
otherwise	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
most	O
smartphones	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allows	O
the	O
watch	O
to	O
display	O
data	O
such	O
as	O
calls	O
,	O
SMS	B-Device
messages	O
,	O
emails	O
,	O
calendar	B-Application
invitations	O
,	O
and	O
any	O
data	O
that	O
may	O
be	O
made	O
available	O
by	O
relevant	O
phone	B-Application
apps	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
about	O
2015	O
several	O
manufacturers	O
released	O
smartwatches	B-Application
with	O
LTE	O
support	O
(	O
watch	O
smartphones	B-Application
or	O
autonomous	O
vs.	O
connected	O
watches	O
)	O
,	O
enabling	O
direct	O
connection	O
to	O
3G/4G	O
mobile	O
networks	O
for	O
voice	O
and	O
SMS	B-Device
use	O
,	O
without	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
carry	O
a	O
paired	O
smartphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
smartwatches	B-Application
by	O
the	O
best-known	O
providers	O
sold	O
for	O
prices	O
of	O
typically	O
several	O
hundreds	O
of	O
pounds	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
found	O
by	O
detailed	O
testing	O
that	O
ultra-cheap	O
smartwatches	B-Application
and	O
fitness	B-Device
trackers	I-Device
sold	O
online	O
had	O
serious	O
security	O
flaws	O
including	O
excessive	O
data	O
collection	O
,	O
data	O
not	O
stored	O
securely	O
,	O
no	O
way	O
to	O
opt	O
out	O
of	O
data	O
collection	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
security	O
lock	O
function	O
to	O
lock	O
out	O
thieves	O
or	O
other	O
unauthorised	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Act	O
,	O
which	O
should	O
cover	O
smartwatches	B-Application
,	O
specifies	O
security	O
standards	O
which	O
manufacturers	O
,	O
importers	O
and	O
distributors	O
(	O
including	O
online	O
marketplaces	O
)	O
of	O
smart	O
devices	O
must	O
meet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AsteroidOS	B-Device
is	O
an	O
open	O
source	O
firmware	O
replacement	O
for	O
some	O
Android	B-Application
Wear	I-Application
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flyme	O
OS	O
,	O
firmware	O
based	O
on	O
Android	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
by	O
Meizu	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
InfiniTime	O
is	O
the	O
default	O
firmware	O
for	O
the	O
PineTime	O
smartwatch	B-Application
,	O
produced	O
by	O
Pine64	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
a	O
community	O
project	O
based	O
on	O
FreeRTOS	B-Operating_System
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
being	O
free	O
software	O
licensed	O
under	O
the	O
GNU	B-License
General	I-License
Public	I-License
License	I-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
supports	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
desktop	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
the	O
PinePhone	O
,	O
and	O
SailfishOS	O
as	O
companion	O
devices	O
for	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
music	O
playback	O
,	O
call/text	O
notifications	O
,	O
navigation	O
instructions	O
,	O
and	O
time	O
synchronization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
January	O
2022	O
,	O
Infinitime	O
version	O
1.8	O
'	O
s	O
additional	O
features	O
include	O
:	O
secure	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
pairing	O
,	O
customisable	O
watch	O
faces	O
,	O
a	O
flashlight	O
,	O
basic	O
paint	O
program	O
,	O
stopwatch	O
,	O
alarm	O
clock	O
,	O
countdown	O
timer	O
,	O
step	O
counter	O
,	O
heart	O
rate	O
monitor	O
,	O
a	O
one-player	O
pong	B-Application
clone	O
,	O
a	O
numerical	O
puzzle	O
game	O
and	O
a	O
metronome	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	O
is	O
an	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
developed	O
by	O
Huawei	O
,	O
intended	O
for	O
the	O
various	O
"	O
smart	O
"	O
devices	O
they	O
manufacture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
in	O
2021	O
,	O
it	O
started	O
seeing	O
use	O
in	O
Huawei	B-Application
Watches	I-Application
,	O
replacing	O
its	O
predecessor	O
,	O
LiteOS	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sailfish	O
OS	O
is	O
a	O
Linux-based	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
for	O
various	O
platforms	O
,	O
including	O
Sailfish	O
smartwatches	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tizen	B-Application
is	O
a	O
Linux-based	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
for	O
various	O
platforms	O
including	O
smartwatches	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tizen	B-Application
is	O
a	O
project	O
within	O
the	B-Operating_System
Linux	I-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
and	O
is	O
governed	O
by	O
a	O
Technical	O
Steering	O
Group	O
(	O
TSG	O
)	O
composed	O
of	O
Samsung	B-Application
and	O
Intel	O
among	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Samsung	B-Application
released	O
the	O
Samsung	B-Application
Gear	I-Application
2	I-Application
,	O
Gear	B-Application
2	I-Application
Neo	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
Gear	O
S	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Device
Gear	I-Device
S2	I-Device
and	O
Samsung	B-Application
Gear	I-Application
S3	I-Application
running	O
Tizen	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
watchOS	B-Device
is	O
a	O
proprietary	B-Application
mobile	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
developed	O
by	O
Apple	O
Inc	O
.	O
to	O
run	O
on	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
Watch	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wear	B-Application
OS	I-Application
,	O
previously	O
known	O
as	O
Android	B-Application
Wear	I-Application
,	O
is	O
a	O
smartwatch	B-Application
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
developed	O
by	O
Google	B-Application
Inc	I-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
In	O
China	O
,	O
since	O
around	O
2015	O
,	O
smartwatches	B-Application
have	O
become	O
widely	O
used	O
by	O
schoolchildren	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
smartwatches	B-Application
have	O
limited	O
functionality	O
,	O
mainly	O
being	O
able	O
to	O
conduct	O
calls	O
,	O
and	O
display	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
sometimes	O
air	O
temperature	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Children	O
's	O
smartwatches	B-Application
are	O
also	O
sold	O
in	O
other	O
countries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
smart	B-Application
watches	I-Application
can	O
also	O
help	O
elderly	O
or	O
disabled	O
people	O
,	O
reporting	O
their	O
location	O
to	O
a	O
caretaker	O
if	O
they	O
fall	O
or	O
become	O
lost	O
.	O
</s>
