<s>
The	O
UCLA	O
Smart	B-Device
Grid	I-Device
Energy	I-Device
Research	I-Device
Center	I-Device
(	O
SMERC	O
)	O
,	O
located	O
on	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
California	O
Los	O
Angeles	O
(	O
UCLA	O
)	O
campus	O
,	O
is	O
an	O
organization	O
focused	O
on	O
developing	O
the	O
next	O
generation	O
of	O
technologies	O
and	O
innovation	O
for	O
SmartGrid	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
SMERC	O
has	O
collaborations	O
with	O
USC	O
and	O
Caltech/JPL	O
,	O
LADWP	O
in	O
a	O
smart	B-Architecture
grid	I-Architecture
demonstration	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
The	O
partnership	O
involves	O
SMERC	O
testing	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
software	O
and	O
platform	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
smart	B-Architecture
grid	I-Architecture
technology	O
,	O
while	O
KIER	O
focuses	O
on	O
multiple	O
renewable	O
energy	O
technologies	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
solar	O
,	O
wind	O
,	O
and	O
fuel	O
cells	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
wireless	O
communications	O
and	O
semiconductor	O
systems.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
this	O
electricity	O
demand	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
tremendous	O
opportunity	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
for	O
innovation	O
between	O
the	O
current	O
electric	O
grid	O
and	O
the	O
next	O
generations	O
of	O
systems	O
using	O
RFID	B-Application
and	O
Integrated	O
sensors	O
,	O
information	O
,	O
and	O
Wireless	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
awareness	O
in	O
Smart	B-Architecture
Grid	I-Architecture
growing	O
,	O
questions	O
about	O
what	O
the	O
new	O
modernized	O
grid	O
will	O
be	O
like	O
are	O
being	O
asked	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
now	O
an	O
enormous	O
opportunity	O
for	O
experimentation	O
,	O
creativity	O
,	O
and	O
research	O
in	O
Smart	B-Architecture
Grid	I-Architecture
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Entrepreneurs	O
,	O
universities	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
innovators	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
creating	O
indescribable	O
possibilities	O
for	O
the	O
future	O
Smart	B-Architecture
Grid	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ARRA	O
invested	O
approximately	O
$4.4	O
billioinor	O
Smart	B-Architecture
Grid	I-Architecture
research	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
The	O
money	O
will	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
“	O
smart	B-Architecture
grid	I-Architecture
"	O
demonstration	O
projects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Collaborations	O
among	O
utilities	O
,	O
government	O
,	O
tecshnology	O
providers	O
,	O
and	O
universities	O
are	O
made	O
being	O
to	O
provide	O
information	O
and	O
technologies	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
generation	O
of	O
Smart	B-Architecture
Grid	I-Architecture
and	O
Smart	O
Energy	O
Technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SMERC	O
also	O
receives	O
funding	O
from	O
California	O
Energy	O
Commission	O
,	O
EPRI	O
,	O
KIER	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
UCLA	O
Smart	B-Architecture
Grid	I-Architecture
Industry	O
Partners	O
Program(SMERC-IPP )	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Smart	B-Device
Grid	I-Device
Energy	I-Device
Research	I-Device
Center	I-Device
(	O
SMERC	O
)	O
consists	O
of	O
several	O
key	O
projects	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Overall	O
the	O
WINSmartGrid™	O
advantages	O
are	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
pow	O
r	O
technology	O
,	O
uses	O
low	O
standards-based	O
hardware	O
resulting	O
in	O
lower	O
overall	O
cost	O
,	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
infrastructure	I-General_Concept
for	O
monitoring	O
and	O
control	O
,	O
open	B-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
for	O
easy	O
integration	O
,	O
plug-and-play	B-Device
approach	O
,	O
;	O
reconfigurable	O
ability	O
,	O
and	O
service	O
architecture	O
with	O
three	O
layers	O
–	O
Edgeware	O
,	O
Middleware	O
and	O
Centralware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
connects	O
with	O
RFID	B-Application
tags	I-Application
,	O
motion	O
detectors	O
,	O
temperature	O
monitors	O
,	O
or	O
10X	O
controllers	O
on	O
refrigerators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WiFi	O
,	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
,	O
Zigbee	B-Protocol
,	O
GPRS	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
RFID	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
efficient	O
protocols	O
seem	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
low-power	O
protocols	O
such	O
as	O
Zigbee	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
requirements	O
such	O
as	O
rate	O
design	O
models	O
,	O
system-wide	O
data	O
and	O
metadata	B-Language
modeling	I-Language
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
,	O
SOA	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
open	O
embedded	O
system	O
scan	O
provide	O
support	O
for	O
plug-and-play	B-Device
and	O
secure-demand-response	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
these	O
changes	O
and	O
innovations	O
to	O
the	O
EV	O
culture	O
continue	O
to	O
grow	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
step	O
is	O
to	O
supply	O
this	O
innovation	O
with	O
the	O
capability	O
to	O
communicate	O
and	O
integrate	O
EVs	O
into	O
the	O
smart	B-Architecture
grid	I-Architecture
of	O
tomorrow	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	B-Application
interface	I-Application
allows	O
the	O
EV	O
owner	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
capability	O
of	O
controlling	O
where	O
,	O
when	O
,	O
why	O
,	O
and	O
how	O
to	O
charge	O
their	O
vehicle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
EV	O
user	O
may	O
use	O
a	O
handheld	B-Application
device	I-Application
to	O
view	O
a	O
map	O
of	O
charging	O
stations	O
,	O
schedule	O
an	O
exact	O
time	O
charge	O
,	O
start	O
and	O
stop	O
charge	O
at	O
any	O
convenience	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
all	O
could	O
be	O
done	O
from	O
a	O
single	O
touch	O
on	O
a	O
Smsrtphone	O
or	O
other	O
handheld	B-Application
devices	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
electricity	O
distribution	O
systems	O
are	O
becoming	O
drastically	O
more	O
complex	O
and	O
more	O
dynamic	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
power	O
grid	O
is	O
in	O
the	O
transition	O
to	O
the	O
smart	B-Architecture
grid	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
EV	O
charging	O
system	O
that	O
connects	O
to	O
the	O
smart	B-Architecture
grid	I-Architecture
is	O
considered	O
as	O
an	O
information	O
network	O
with	O
a	O
massive	O
communication	O
among	O
utility	O
,	O
EV	O
and	O
DER	O
control	O
centers	O
,	O
EV	O
supply	O
equipment	O
(	O
EVSE	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
power	O
meters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
SMERC	O
team	O
focuses	O
on	O
the	O
cybersecurity	O
for	O
the	O
EV	O
charging	O
network	O
,	O
including	O
system	O
vulnerability	O
analysis	O
,	O
risk	O
assessment	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
impacts	O
of	O
cyber-attacks	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
anomaly	B-Algorithm
detection	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
the	O
anomaly	B-Algorithm
detection	I-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
team	O
analyzes	O
the	O
multidimensional	O
time-series	O
data	O
,	O
including	O
building	O
load	O
,	O
solar	O
generation	O
,	O
dynamic	O
electricity	O
price	O
,	O
and	O
EV	O
load	O
,	O
within	O
the	O
WINSmartEV™	O
.	O
</s>
