<s>
Also	O
known	O
as	O
smart	O
connected	O
products	O
or	O
smart	O
connected	O
things	O
(	O
SCoT	O
)	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
products	O
,	O
assets	O
and	O
other	O
things	O
embedded	O
with	O
processors	O
,	O
sensors	B-Application
,	O
software	O
and	O
connectivity	O
that	O
allow	O
data	O
to	O
be	O
exchanged	O
between	O
the	O
product	O
and	O
its	O
environment	O
,	O
manufacturer	O
,	O
operator/user	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
products	O
and	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
smart	O
physical	O
object	O
may	O
be	O
created	O
either	O
as	O
an	O
artifact	O
or	O
manufactured	O
product	O
or	O
by	O
embedding	O
electronic	O
tags	O
such	O
as	O
RFID	B-Application
tags	I-Application
or	O
sensors	B-Application
into	O
non-smart	O
physical	O
objects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
also	O
several	O
overlapping	O
terms	O
,	O
see	O
also	O
smart	B-Device
device	I-Device
,	O
tangible	O
object	O
or	O
tangible	O
user	O
interface	O
and	O
Thing	O
as	O
in	O
the	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
early	O
1990s	O
,	O
Mark	O
Weiser	O
,	O
from	O
whom	O
the	O
term	O
ubiquitous	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
originated	O
,	O
referred	O
to	O
a	O
vision	O
"	O
When	O
almost	O
every	O
object	O
either	O
contains	O
a	O
computer	O
or	O
can	O
have	O
a	O
tab	O
attached	O
to	O
it	O
,	O
obtaining	O
information	O
will	O
be	O
trivial	O
"	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
additional	O
information	O
provided	O
by	O
this	O
concept	O
enables	O
far	O
more	O
general	O
interaction	O
schemes	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
greatly	O
simplify	O
the	O
planner	B-Application
of	O
an	O
artificial	B-General_Concept
intelligence	I-General_Concept
agent	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
recently	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
2010s	O
,	O
smart	O
objects	O
are	O
being	O
proposed	O
as	O
a	O
key	O
enabler	O
for	O
the	O
vision	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
combination	O
of	O
the	O
Internet	O
and	O
emerging	O
technologies	O
such	O
as	O
near	O
field	O
communications	O
,	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
localization	O
,	O
and	O
embedded	O
sensors	B-Application
enables	O
everyday	O
objects	O
to	O
be	O
transformed	O
into	O
smart	O
objects	O
that	O
can	O
understand	O
and	O
react	O
to	O
their	O
environment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
objects	O
are	O
building	O
blocks	O
for	O
the	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
and	O
enable	O
novel	O
computing	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2018	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
first	O
smart	O
houses	O
was	O
built	O
in	O
Klaukkala	O
,	O
Finland	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
a	O
five-floor	O
apartment	O
block	O
,	O
utilizing	O
the	O
Kone	O
Residential	O
Flow	O
solution	O
created	O
by	O
KONE	O
,	O
allowing	O
even	O
a	O
smartphone	B-Application
to	O
act	O
as	O
a	O
home	O
key	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Note	O
,	O
a	O
smart	O
object	O
does	O
not	O
necessarily	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
intelligent	O
as	O
in	O
exhibiting	O
a	O
strong	O
essence	O
of	O
artificial	B-Application
intelligence	I-Application
—	O
although	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
designed	O
to	O
also	O
be	O
intelligent	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Smart	B-Device
,	I-Device
connected	I-Device
products	I-Device
have	O
three	O
primary	O
components	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Smart	O
–	O
made	O
up	O
of	O
sensors	B-Application
,	O
microprocessors	O
,	O
data	O
storage	O
,	O
controls	O
,	O
software	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
embedded	O
operating	O
system	O
with	O
enhanced	O
user	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
is	O
the	O
network	O
of	O
physical	O
objects	O
that	O
contain	O
embedded	O
technology	O
to	O
communicate	O
and	O
sense	O
or	O
interact	O
with	O
their	O
internal	O
states	O
or	O
the	O
external	O
environment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
phrase	O
"	O
Internet	B-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
"	O
reflects	O
the	O
growing	O
number	O
of	O
smart	B-Device
,	I-Device
connected	I-Device
products	I-Device
and	O
highlights	O
the	O
new	O
opportunities	O
they	O
can	O
represent	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
What	O
makes	O
smart	B-Device
,	I-Device
connected	I-Device
products	I-Device
fundamentally	O
different	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
Internet	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
changing	O
nature	O
of	O
the	O
'	O
things	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
