<s>
Small-C	B-Language
is	O
both	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
the	O
C	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
suitable	O
for	O
resource-limited	O
microcomputers	B-Architecture
and	O
embedded	B-Architecture
systems	I-Architecture
,	O
and	O
an	O
implementation	O
of	O
that	O
subset	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Originally	O
valuable	O
as	O
an	O
early	O
compiler	B-Language
for	O
microcomputer	B-Architecture
systems	O
available	O
during	O
the	O
late	O
1970s	O
and	O
early	O
1980s	O
,	O
the	O
implementation	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
useful	O
as	O
an	O
example	O
simple	O
enough	O
for	O
teaching	O
purposes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
compiler	B-Language
,	O
written	O
in	O
Small-C	B-Language
for	O
the	O
Intel	B-General_Concept
8080	I-General_Concept
by	O
Ron	O
Cain	O
,	O
appeared	O
in	O
the	O
May	O
1980	O
issue	O
of	O
Dr.	O
Dobb	O
's	O
Journal	O
of	O
Computer	O
Calisthenics	O
&	O
Orthodontia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
James	O
E	O
.	O
Hendrix	O
improved	O
and	O
extended	O
the	O
original	O
compiler	B-Language
,	O
and	O
wrote	O
The	O
Small-C	B-Language
Handbook	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ron	O
bootstrapped	B-Application
Small-C	B-Language
on	O
the	O
SRI	O
International	O
PDP	B-Device
11/45	I-Device
Unix	B-Application
system	I-Application
with	O
an	O
account	O
provided	O
by	O
John	O
Bass	O
for	O
Small	B-Language
C	I-Language
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Small-C	B-Language
was	O
important	O
for	O
tiny	O
computers	O
in	O
a	O
manner	O
somewhat	O
analogous	O
to	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
GCC	B-Application
for	O
larger	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Just	O
like	O
its	O
Unix	B-Operating_System
counterparts	O
,	O
the	O
compiler	B-Language
generates	O
assembler	B-Language
code	I-Language
,	O
which	O
then	O
must	O
be	O
translated	O
to	O
machine	B-Language
code	I-Language
by	O
an	O
available	O
assembler	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Small-C	B-Language
is	O
a	O
retargetable	B-Application
compiler	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Porting	O
Small-C	B-Language
requires	O
only	O
that	O
the	O
back-end	O
code	B-Application
generator	I-Application
and	O
the	O
library	O
to	O
operating	O
system	O
interface	O
calls	O
be	O
rewritten	O
for	O
the	O
target	O
processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
In	O
May	O
of	O
1980	O
Dr.	O
Dobb	O
's	O
Journal	O
ran	O
an	O
article	O
entitled	O
"	O
A	O
Small	B-Language
C	I-Language
Compiler	B-Language
for	O
the	O
8080s	B-General_Concept
"	O
in	O
which	O
Ron	O
Cain	O
presented	O
a	O
small	O
compiler	B-Language
for	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
the	O
C	B-Language
language	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
interesting	O
feature	O
of	O
the	O
compiler	B-Language
besides	O
its	O
small	O
size	O
was	O
the	O
language	O
in	O
which	O
it	O
was	O
written	O
—	O
the	O
one	O
it	O
compiled	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
a	O
self-compiler	O
!	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
a	O
simple	O
,	O
one-pass	O
algorithm	O
,	O
his	O
compiler	B-Language
generated	O
assembly	B-Language
language	I-Language
for	O
the	O
8080	B-General_Concept
processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
But	O
even	O
with	O
these	O
limitations	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
very	O
capable	O
language	O
and	O
a	O
delight	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
especially	O
compared	O
to	O
assembly	B-Language
language	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
new	O
compiler	B-Language
augmented	O
Small	B-Language
C	I-Language
with	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
code	O
optimizing	O
,	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
data	O
initializing	O
,	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
conditional	O
compiling	B-Language
,	O
(	O
4	O
)	O
the	O
extern	O
storage	O
class	O
,	O
(	O
5	O
)	O
the	O
for	O
,	O
do/while	O
,	O
switch	O
,	O
and	O
goto	O
statements	O
,	O
(	O
6	O
)	O
combination	O
assignment	O
operators	O
,	O
(	O
7	O
)	O
Boolean	O
operators	O
,	O
(	O
8	O
)	O
the	O
one	O
's	O
complement	O
operator	O
,	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
block	O
local	O
variables	O
,	O
and	O
(	O
10	O
)	O
various	O
other	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Then	O
in	O
1984	O
Ernest	O
Payne	O
and	O
I	O
developed	O
and	O
published	O
a	O
CP/M	O
compatible	O
run-time	O
library	O
for	O
the	O
compiler	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
consisted	O
of	O
over	O
80	O
functions	O
and	O
included	O
most	O
of	O
those	O
in	O
the	O
UNIX	B-Operating_System
C	B-Language
Standard	O
I/O	O
Library	O
—	O
the	O
ones	O
that	O
pertained	O
to	O
the	O
CP/M	O
environment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
became	O
version	O
2.1	O
and	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
The	O
Small	B-Language
C	I-Language
Handbook	O
.	O
</s>
