<s>
A	O
shared-nothing	B-Operating_System
architecture	I-Operating_System
(	O
SN	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
distributed	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
in	O
which	O
each	O
update	O
request	O
is	O
satisfied	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
node	O
(	O
processor/memory/storage	O
unit	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
computer	B-Architecture
cluster	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
SN	O
eliminates	O
single	B-Architecture
points	I-Architecture
of	I-Architecture
failure	I-Architecture
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
overall	O
system	O
to	O
continue	O
operating	O
despite	O
failures	O
in	O
individual	O
nodes	O
and	O
allowing	O
individual	O
nodes	O
to	O
upgrade	O
hardware	O
or	O
software	O
without	O
a	O
system-wide	O
shutdown	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
databases	O
,	O
a	O
term	O
for	O
the	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
database	O
on	O
a	O
single	O
node	O
is	O
a	O
shard	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tandem	O
Computers	O
NonStop	B-Architecture
systems	O
,	O
a	O
shared-nothing	B-Operating_System
implementation	O
of	O
hardware	O
and	O
software	O
was	O
released	O
to	O
market	O
in	O
1976	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tandem	O
Computers	O
later	O
released	O
NonStop	B-Application
SQL	I-Application
,	O
a	O
shared-nothing	B-Operating_System
relational	O
database	O
,	O
in	O
1984	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Shared-nothing	B-Operating_System
is	O
popular	O
for	O
web	O
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Shared-nothing	B-Operating_System
architectures	I-Operating_System
are	O
prevalent	O
for	O
data	O
warehousing	O
applications	O
,	O
although	O
requests	O
that	O
require	O
data	O
from	O
multiple	O
nodes	O
can	O
dramatically	O
reduce	O
throughput	O
.	O
</s>
