<s>
Semantic	B-Application
translation	I-Application
is	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
using	O
semantic	O
information	O
to	O
aid	O
in	O
the	O
translation	O
of	O
data	O
in	O
one	O
representation	O
or	O
data	B-Application
model	I-Application
to	O
another	O
representation	O
or	O
data	B-Application
model	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Semantic	B-Application
translation	I-Application
takes	O
advantage	O
of	O
semantics	O
that	O
associate	O
meaning	O
with	O
individual	O
data	O
elements	O
in	O
one	O
dictionary	B-Application
to	O
create	O
an	O
equivalent	O
meaning	O
in	O
a	O
second	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
example	O
of	O
semantic	B-Application
translation	I-Application
is	O
the	O
conversion	O
of	O
XML	B-Protocol
data	O
from	O
one	O
data	B-Application
model	I-Application
to	O
a	O
second	O
data	B-Application
model	I-Application
using	O
formal	O
ontologies	B-Language
for	O
each	O
system	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Web	B-Language
Ontology	I-Language
Language	I-Language
(	O
OWL	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
frequently	O
required	O
by	O
intelligent	B-General_Concept
agents	I-General_Concept
that	O
wish	O
to	O
perform	O
searches	O
on	O
remote	O
computer	O
systems	O
that	O
use	O
different	O
data	B-Application
models	I-Application
to	O
store	O
their	O
data	O
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
process	O
of	O
allowing	O
a	O
single	O
user	O
to	O
search	O
multiple	O
systems	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
search	O
request	O
is	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
federated	B-Operating_System
search	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Semantic	B-Application
translation	I-Application
should	O
be	O
differentiated	O
from	O
data	B-General_Concept
mapping	I-General_Concept
tools	O
that	O
do	O
simple	O
one-to-one	O
translation	O
of	O
data	O
from	O
one	O
system	O
to	O
another	O
without	O
actually	O
associating	O
meaning	O
with	O
each	O
data	O
element	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Semantic	B-Application
translation	I-Application
requires	O
that	O
data	O
elements	O
in	O
the	O
source	O
and	O
destination	O
systems	O
have	O
"	O
semantic	B-General_Concept
mappings	I-General_Concept
"	O
to	O
a	O
central	O
registry	O
or	O
registries	O
of	O
data	O
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Property	B-Algorithm
Equivalence	O
-	O
indicating	O
that	O
two	O
properties	O
are	O
equivalent	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Semantic	B-Application
translation	I-Application
is	O
very	O
difficult	O
if	O
the	O
terms	O
in	O
a	O
particular	O
data	B-Application
model	I-Application
do	O
not	O
have	O
direct	O
one-to-one	O
mappings	O
to	O
data	O
elements	O
in	O
a	O
foreign	O
data	B-Application
model	I-Application
.	O
</s>
