<s>
Semantic	B-General_Concept
queries	I-General_Concept
allow	O
for	O
queries	O
and	O
analytics	O
of	O
associative	O
and	O
contextual	B-General_Concept
nature	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Semantic	B-General_Concept
queries	I-General_Concept
enable	O
the	O
retrieval	O
of	O
both	O
explicitly	O
and	O
implicitly	O
derived	O
information	O
based	O
on	O
syntactic	B-Application
,	O
semantic	B-Application
and	O
structural	O
information	O
contained	O
in	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
are	O
designed	O
to	O
deliver	O
precise	O
results	O
(	O
possibly	O
the	O
distinctive	O
selection	O
of	O
one	O
single	O
piece	O
of	O
information	O
)	O
or	O
to	O
answer	O
more	O
fuzzy	O
and	O
wide	O
open	O
questions	O
through	O
pattern	B-Language
matching	I-Language
and	O
digital	B-Application
reasoning	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Semantic	B-General_Concept
queries	I-General_Concept
work	O
on	O
named	O
graphs	O
,	O
linked	B-Operating_System
data	I-Operating_System
or	O
triples	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
enables	O
the	O
query	O
to	O
process	O
the	O
actual	O
relationships	B-Architecture
between	O
information	O
and	O
infer	O
the	O
answers	O
from	O
the	O
network	O
of	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
semantic	B-Application
search	O
,	O
which	O
uses	O
semantics	B-Application
(	O
meaning	O
of	O
language	O
constructs	O
)	O
in	O
unstructured	B-Application
text	I-Application
to	O
produce	O
a	O
better	O
search	O
result	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
See	O
natural	B-Language
language	I-Language
processing	I-Language
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
a	O
technical	O
point	O
of	O
view	O
,	O
semantic	B-General_Concept
queries	I-General_Concept
are	O
precise	O
relational-type	O
operations	O
much	O
like	O
a	O
database	B-Language
query	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
>	O
,	O
<	O
and	O
=	O
)	O
,	O
namespaces	O
,	O
pattern	B-Language
matching	I-Language
,	O
subclassing	B-Language
,	O
transitive	O
relations	O
,	O
semantic	B-Language
rules	I-Language
and	O
contextual	B-General_Concept
full	B-Application
text	I-Application
search	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
semantic	B-Application
web	O
technology	O
stack	O
of	O
the	O
W3C	O
is	O
offering	O
SPARQL	B-Language
to	O
formulate	O
semantic	B-General_Concept
queries	I-General_Concept
in	O
a	O
syntax	B-Application
similar	O
to	O
SQL	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Semantic	B-General_Concept
queries	I-General_Concept
are	O
used	O
in	O
triplestores	O
,	O
graph	B-Application
databases	I-Application
,	O
semantic	B-Application
wikis	O
,	O
natural	O
language	O
and	O
artificial	B-Application
intelligence	I-Application
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Relational	B-Application
databases	I-Application
represent	O
all	O
relationships	B-Architecture
between	O
data	O
in	O
an	O
implicit	O
manner	O
only	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
relationships	B-Architecture
between	O
customers	O
and	O
products	O
(	O
stored	O
in	O
two	O
content-tables	O
and	O
connected	O
with	O
an	O
additional	O
link-table	O
)	O
only	O
come	O
into	O
existence	O
in	O
a	O
query	O
statement	O
(	O
SQL	B-Language
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
relational	B-Application
databases	I-Application
)	O
written	O
by	O
a	O
developer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Writing	O
the	O
query	O
demands	O
exact	O
knowledge	O
of	O
the	O
database	B-Application
schema	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linked-Data	B-Operating_System
represent	O
all	O
relationships	B-Architecture
between	O
data	O
in	O
an	O
explicit	O
manner	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whereas	O
this	O
simple	O
example	O
is	O
trivial	O
,	O
the	O
real	O
power	O
of	O
linked-data	B-Operating_System
comes	O
into	O
play	O
when	O
a	O
network	O
of	O
information	O
is	O
created	O
(	O
customers	O
with	O
their	O
geo-spatial	O
information	O
like	O
city	O
,	O
state	O
and	O
country	O
;	O
products	O
with	O
their	O
categories	O
within	O
sub	O
-	O
and	O
super-categories	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Executing	O
a	O
semantic	B-General_Concept
query	I-General_Concept
is	O
conducted	O
by	O
walking	O
the	O
network	O
of	O
information	O
and	O
finding	O
matches	O
(	O
also	O
called	O
Data	O
Graph	O
Traversal	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
important	O
aspect	O
of	O
semantic	B-General_Concept
queries	I-General_Concept
is	O
that	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
the	O
relationship	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
incorporate	O
intelligence	O
into	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
latter	O
enables	O
the	O
semantic	B-General_Concept
query	I-General_Concept
engine	O
to	O
infer	O
that	O
a	O
customer	O
living	O
in	O
Manhattan	O
is	O
also	O
living	O
in	O
New	O
York	O
City	O
whereas	O
other	O
relationships	B-Architecture
might	O
have	O
more	O
complicated	O
patterns	O
and	O
"	O
contextual	B-General_Concept
analytics	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
