<s>
Self-management	B-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
process	O
by	O
which	O
computer	O
systems	O
shall	O
manage	O
their	O
own	O
operation	O
without	O
human	O
intervention	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Self-management	B-General_Concept
technologies	O
are	O
expected	O
to	O
pervade	O
the	O
next	O
generation	O
of	O
network	O
management	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
growing	O
complexity	O
of	O
modern	O
networked	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
systems	I-Architecture
is	O
currently	O
the	O
biggest	O
limiting	O
factor	O
in	O
their	O
expansion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
increasing	O
heterogeneity	B-General_Concept
of	O
big	O
corporate	O
computer	O
systems	O
,	O
the	O
inclusion	O
of	O
mobile	O
computing	O
devices	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
different	O
networking	O
technologies	O
like	O
WLAN	B-Architecture
,	O
cellular	O
phone	O
networks	O
,	O
and	O
mobile	B-Protocol
ad	I-Protocol
hoc	I-Protocol
networks	I-Protocol
make	O
the	O
conventional	O
,	O
manual	O
management	O
very	O
difficult	O
,	O
time-consuming	O
,	O
and	O
error-prone	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
recently	O
,	O
self-management	B-General_Concept
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
as	O
a	O
solution	O
to	O
increasing	O
complexity	O
in	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
industrial	O
initiative	O
towards	O
realizing	O
self-management	B-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
Autonomic	B-Architecture
Computing	I-Architecture
Initiative	O
(	O
ACI	O
)	O
started	O
by	O
IBM	O
in	O
2001	O
.	O
</s>
