<s>
A	O
secure	B-General_Concept
access	I-General_Concept
service	I-General_Concept
edge	I-General_Concept
(	O
SASE	O
)	O
is	O
technology	O
used	O
to	O
deliver	O
wide	O
area	O
network	O
(	O
WAN	O
)	O
and	O
security	O
controls	O
as	O
a	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
service	O
directly	O
to	O
the	O
source	O
of	O
connection	O
(	O
user	O
,	O
device	O
,	O
Internet	B-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
(	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
)	O
device	O
,	O
or	O
edge	B-Device
computing	I-Device
location	O
)	O
rather	O
than	O
a	O
data	B-Operating_System
center	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
uses	O
cloud	B-Architecture
and	O
edge	B-Device
computing	I-Device
technologies	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
latency	O
that	O
results	O
from	O
backhauling	B-General_Concept
all	O
WAN	O
traffic	O
over	O
long	O
distances	O
to	O
one	O
or	O
a	O
few	O
corporate	O
data	B-Operating_System
centers	I-Operating_System
,	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
increased	O
movement	O
off-premises	O
of	O
dispersed	O
users	O
and	O
their	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
also	O
helps	O
organizations	O
support	O
dispersed	O
users	O
and	O
their	O
devices	O
with	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transformation	I-General_Concept
and	O
application	O
modernization	O
initiatives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Security	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
digital	B-Application
identity	I-Application
,	O
real-time	O
context	O
,	O
and	O
company	O
and	O
regulatory	O
compliance	O
policies	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
a	O
security	B-Application
appliance	I-Application
like	O
a	O
firewall	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
digital	B-Application
identity	I-Application
may	O
be	O
attached	O
to	O
anything	O
from	O
a	O
person	O
to	O
a	O
device	O
,	O
cloud	B-Architecture
service	I-Architecture
,	O
application	B-Application
software	I-Application
,	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
system	O
,	O
or	O
any	O
computing	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SASE	O
combines	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
with	O
network	O
security	O
functions	O
,	O
including	O
cloud	B-Application
access	I-Application
security	I-Application
brokers	I-Application
(	O
CASB	O
)	O
,	O
Secure	B-Protocol
Web	I-Protocol
Gateways	I-Protocol
(	O
SWG	O
)	O
,	O
antivirus/malware	B-Application
inspection	I-Application
,	O
virtual	B-Application
private	I-Application
networking	I-Application
(	O
VPN	B-Application
)	O
,	O
firewall	B-Application
as	O
a	O
service	O
(	O
FWaaS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
data	O
loss	O
prevention	O
(	O
DLP	O
)	O
,	O
all	O
delivered	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
cloud	B-Architecture
service	I-Architecture
at	O
the	O
network	O
edge	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
SASE	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
functions	O
may	O
include	O
traffic	O
prioritization	O
,	O
WAN	B-Protocol
optimization	I-Protocol
,	O
converged	O
backbones	B-General_Concept
and	O
self-healing	O
using	O
artificial	O
intelligence	O
platforms	O
AIOps	O
to	O
improve	O
reliability	O
and	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WAN	O
and	O
security	O
functions	O
are	O
typically	O
delivered	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
service	O
at	O
dispersed	O
SASE	O
points	O
of	O
presence	O
(	O
PoPs	O
)	O
located	O
as	O
close	O
as	O
possible	O
to	O
dispersed	O
users	O
,	O
branch	O
offices	O
and	O
cloud	B-Architecture
services	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
access	O
SASE	O
services	O
,	O
edge	B-Device
locations	O
or	O
users	O
connect	O
to	O
the	O
closest	O
available	O
PoP	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SASE	O
vendors	O
may	O
contract	O
with	O
several	O
backbone	B-General_Concept
providers	O
and	O
peering	B-Protocol
partners	O
to	O
offer	O
customers	O
fast	O
,	O
low-latency	O
WAN	O
performance	O
for	O
long-distance	O
PoP-to-PoP	O
connections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2021	O
,	O
Gartner	O
defined	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
SASE	O
capabilities	O
,	O
called	O
Secure	O
services	O
edge	B-Device
(	O
SSE	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SSE	O
is	O
a	O
collection	O
of	O
SASE	O
security	O
services	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
implemented	O
together	O
with	O
network	O
services	O
,	O
like	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
,	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
complete	O
solution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SASE	O
is	O
driven	O
by	O
the	O
rise	O
of	O
mobile	O
,	O
edge	B-Device
and	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
in	O
the	O
enterprise	O
at	O
the	O
expense	O
of	O
the	O
LAN	O
and	O
corporate	O
data	B-Operating_System
center	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
users	O
,	O
applications	O
and	O
data	O
move	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
enterprise	O
data	B-Operating_System
center	I-Operating_System
to	O
the	O
cloud	B-Architecture
and	O
network	O
edge	B-Device
,	O
moving	O
security	O
and	O
the	O
WAN	O
to	O
the	O
edge	B-Device
as	O
well	O
is	O
necessary	O
to	O
minimize	O
latency	O
and	O
performance	O
issues	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
model	O
is	O
meant	O
to	O
delegate	O
and	O
simplify	O
delivery	O
of	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
and	O
security	O
functions	O
to	O
multiple	O
edge	B-Device
computing	I-Device
devices	O
and	O
locations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Based	O
on	O
policy	O
,	O
different	O
security	O
functions	O
may	O
also	O
be	O
applied	O
to	O
different	O
connections	O
and	O
sessions	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
entity	O
,	O
whether	O
SaaS	O
applications	O
,	O
social	O
media	O
,	O
data	B-Operating_System
center	I-Operating_System
applications	O
or	O
personal	O
banking	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
Gartner	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
cloud	B-Architecture
architecture	O
provides	O
typical	O
cloud	B-Architecture
enhancements	O
such	O
as	O
elasticity	B-General_Concept
,	O
flexibility	O
,	O
agility	O
,	O
global	O
reach	O
and	O
delegated	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
cloud-native	O
architecture	O
delivering	O
converged	O
WAN	O
and	O
security	O
as	O
a	O
service	O
that	O
offers	O
the	O
scalability	B-Architecture
,	O
elasticity	B-General_Concept
,	O
adaptability	O
and	O
self-healing	O
typical	O
of	O
all	O
cloud	B-Architecture
services	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Globally	O
distributed	O
fabric	O
of	O
PoPs	O
delivering	O
a	O
full	O
range	O
of	O
WAN	O
and	O
security	O
capabilities	O
with	O
low	O
latency	O
,	O
wherever	O
business	O
offices	O
,	O
cloud	B-Architecture
applications	I-Architecture
and	O
mobile	O
users	O
are	O
located	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
deliver	O
low	O
latency	O
at	O
any	O
location	O
,	O
SASE	O
PoPs	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
more	O
numerous	O
and	O
extensive	O
than	O
those	O
offered	O
by	O
typical	O
public	O
cloud	B-Architecture
providers	O
and	O
SASE	O
providers	O
must	O
have	O
extensive	O
peering	B-Protocol
relationships	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Identity-driven	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
identity	B-Application
can	O
be	O
attached	O
to	O
anything	O
from	O
a	O
person	O
or	O
branch	O
office	O
to	O
a	O
device	O
,	O
application	O
,	O
service	O
,	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
device	O
or	O
edge	B-Device
computing	I-Device
location	O
at	O
the	O
source	O
of	O
connection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Identity	B-Application
is	O
the	O
most	O
significant	O
context	O
affecting	O
SASE	O
security	O
policy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
location	O
,	O
time	O
of	O
day	O
,	O
risk/trust	O
posture	O
of	O
the	O
connecting	O
device	O
and	O
application	O
and	O
data	O
sensitivity	O
will	O
provide	O
other	O
real-time	O
context	O
determining	O
the	O
security	O
services	O
and	O
policies	O
applied	O
to	O
and	O
throughout	O
each	O
WAN	O
session	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
for	O
all	O
edges	O
equally	O
,	O
including	O
physical	O
locations	O
,	O
cloud	B-Architecture
data	B-Operating_System
centers	I-Operating_System
,	O
users’	O
mobile	O
devices	O
and	O
edge	B-Device
computing	I-Device
,	O
with	O
placement	O
of	O
all	O
capabilities	O
at	O
the	O
local	O
PoP	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
edge	B-Device
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Edge	B-Device
connections	O
to	O
the	O
local	O
PoP	O
may	O
vary	O
from	O
an	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
for	O
a	O
branch	O
office	O
to	O
a	O
VPN	B-Application
client	I-Application
or	O
clientless	O
Web	O
access	O
for	O
a	O
mobile	O
user	O
,	O
to	O
multiple	O
tunnels	O
from	O
the	O
cloud	B-Architecture
or	O
direct	O
cloud	B-Architecture
connections	O
inside	O
a	O
global	O
data	B-Operating_System
center	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gartner	O
and	O
others	O
promote	O
a	O
SASE	O
architecture	O
for	O
the	O
mobile	O
,	O
cloud	B-Architecture
enabled	O
enterprise	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SASE	O
reduces	O
complexity	O
with	O
its	O
Cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
model	O
and	O
a	O
single	O
vendor	O
for	O
all	O
WAN	O
and	O
security	O
functions	O
,	O
vs.	O
multiple	O
security	B-Application
appliances	I-Application
from	O
multiple	O
vendors	O
at	O
each	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
SASE	O
architecture	O
is	O
architected	O
to	O
provide	O
consistent	O
fast	O
,	O
secure	O
access	O
to	O
any	O
resource	O
from	O
any	O
entity	O
at	O
any	O
location	O
,	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
access	O
primarily	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
corporate	O
data	B-Operating_System
center	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cost	O
efficiency	O
of	O
the	O
cloud	B-Architecture
model	O
,	O
which	O
shifts	O
up-front	O
capital	O
costs	O
to	O
monthly	O
subscription	O
fees	O
,	O
consolidates	O
providers	O
and	O
vendors	O
,	O
and	O
reduces	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
physical	O
and	O
virtual	B-General_Concept
branch	O
appliances	O
and	O
software	B-General_Concept
agents	I-General_Concept
IT	O
has	O
to	O
purchase	O
manage	O
and	O
maintain	O
in-house	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cost	O
reduction	O
also	O
comes	O
from	O
delegation	O
of	O
maintenance	O
,	O
upgrades	B-General_Concept
and	O
hardware	O
refreshes	O
to	O
the	O
SASE	O
provider	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Performance	O
of	O
applications	O
and	O
services	O
enhanced	O
by	O
latency-optimized	O
routing	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
particularly	O
beneficial	O
for	O
latency-sensitive	O
video	O
,	O
VoIP	B-Application
and	O
collaboration	B-Application
applications	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
SASE	O
providers	O
can	O
optimize	O
and	O
route	O
traffic	O
through	O
high-performance	O
backbones	B-General_Concept
contracted	O
with	O
carrier	O
and	O
peering	B-Protocol
partners	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Consistent	O
security	O
via	O
a	O
single	O
cloud	B-Architecture
service	I-Architecture
for	O
all	O
WAN	O
security	O
functions	O
and	O
WAN	O
connections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Security	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
set	O
of	O
policies	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
security	O
functions	O
delivered	O
by	O
the	O
same	O
cloud	B-Architecture
service	I-Architecture
to	O
any	O
access	O
session	B-Protocol
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
application	O
,	O
user	O
or	O
device	O
location	O
and	O
destination	O
(	O
cloud	B-Architecture
,	O
data	B-Operating_System
center	I-Operating_System
application	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Clifford	O
Grossner	O
of	O
IHS	O
Markit	O
criticizes	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
analytics	O
,	O
artificial	O
intelligence	O
and	O
machine	O
learning	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
SASE	O
concept	O
and	O
the	O
likelihood	O
that	O
enterprises	O
wo	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
get	O
all	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
and	O
security	O
functions	O
from	O
a	O
single	O
vendor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IDC	O
analyst	O
Brandon	O
Butler	O
cites	O
IDC	O
's	O
position	O
that	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
will	O
evolve	O
to	O
SD-Branch	O
,	O
defined	O
as	O
centralized	O
deployment	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
virtualized	B-General_Concept
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
and	O
security	O
functions	O
at	O
multiple	O
branch	O
office	O
locations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
is	O
a	O
technology	O
that	O
simplifies	O
wide	O
area	O
networking	O
through	O
centralized	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
networking	O
hardware	O
or	O
software	O
that	O
directs	O
traffic	O
across	O
the	O
WAN	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
allows	O
organizations	O
to	O
combine	O
or	O
replace	O
private	O
WAN	O
connections	O
with	O
Internet	O
broadband	B-General_Concept
,	O
LTE	O
and/or	O
5g	O
connections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
vendors	O
may	O
offer	O
some	O
security	O
functions	O
with	O
their	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
virtual	B-General_Concept
or	O
physical	O
appliances	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
typically	O
deployed	O
at	O
the	O
data	B-Operating_System
center	I-Operating_System
or	O
branch	O
office	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Typically	O
SASE	O
incorporates	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
as	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
cloud	B-Architecture
service	I-Architecture
that	O
also	O
delivers	O
mobile	O
access	O
and	O
a	O
full	O
security	O
stack	B-Application
delivered	O
from	O
a	O
local	O
PoP	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NGFW	B-Protocol
combines	O
a	O
traditional	O
firewall	B-Application
with	O
other	O
security	O
and	O
networking	O
functions	O
geared	O
to	O
the	O
virtualized	B-General_Concept
data	B-Operating_System
center	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Security	O
functions	O
include	O
application	O
control	O
,	O
deep	O
and	O
encrypted	O
packet	B-Application
inspection	I-Application
,	O
intrusion	O
prevention	O
,	O
Web	B-Protocol
site	I-Protocol
filtering	I-Protocol
,	O
anti-malware	B-Application
,	O
identity	B-Application
management	O
,	O
threat	O
intelligence	O
and	O
even	O
WAN	O
quality	O
of	O
service	O
and	O
bandwidth	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NGFW	B-Protocol
offers	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
the	O
security	O
stack	B-Application
offered	O
by	O
SASE	O
,	O
and	O
typically	O
does	O
n't	O
include	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NGFW	B-Protocol
may	O
be	O
deployed	O
on	O
premises	O
or	O
as	O
a	O
cloud	B-Architecture
service	I-Architecture
,	O
while	O
SASE	O
is	O
a	O
cloud	B-Architecture
architecture	O
by	O
definition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
SASE	O
focuses	O
security	O
on	O
WAN	O
connections	O
,	O
a	O
NGFW	B-Protocol
can	O
be	O
deployed	O
anywhere	O
including	O
internally	O
in	O
the	O
data	B-Operating_System
center	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
FWaaS	O
is	O
a	O
firewall	B-Application
offered	O
as	O
a	O
cloud	B-Architecture
service	I-Architecture
,	O
rather	O
than	O
on	O
premises	O
as	O
software	O
or	O
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
FWaaS	O
providers	O
offer	O
NGFW	B-Protocol
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Typically	O
,	O
an	O
entire	O
organization	O
is	O
connected	O
to	O
a	O
single	O
FWaaS	O
cloud	B-Architecture
with	O
no	O
requirement	O
for	O
maintaining	O
its	O
own	O
firewall	B-Application
infrastructure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SASE	O
combines	O
edge	B-Device
FWaaS	O
with	O
other	O
security	O
functions	O
and	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
NaaS	O
delivers	O
virtualized	B-General_Concept
network	O
infrastructure	O
and	O
services	O
using	O
a	O
cloud	B-Architecture
subscription	O
business	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Typically	O
,	O
different	O
NaaS	O
providers	O
offer	O
different	O
service	O
packages	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
package	O
of	O
WAN	O
and	O
secure	O
VPN	B-Application
's	O
as	O
a	O
service	O
,	O
bandwidth	B-Protocol
on	I-Protocol
demand	I-Protocol
,	O
or	O
hosted	O
networks	O
as	O
a	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
contrast	O
SASE	O
is	O
meant	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
single	O
comprehensive	O
secure	O
SD-WAN	B-Architecture
solution	O
for	O
branch	O
offices	O
,	O
mobile	O
users	O
,	O
data	B-Operating_System
centers	I-Operating_System
and	O
any	O
other	O
secure	O
enterprise	O
WAN	O
requirement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Research	O
firm	O
Forrester	O
refers	O
to	O
a	O
SASE-like	O
type	O
of	O
converged	O
network	O
and	O
security	O
stack	B-Application
as	O
Zero	B-General_Concept
Trust	I-General_Concept
Edge	B-Device
(	O
ZTE	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Forrester	O
describes	O
its	O
model	O
as	O
similar	O
to	O
Gartner	O
’s	O
,	O
but	O
with	O
additional	O
emphasis	O
on	O
incorporating	O
zero	B-General_Concept
trust	I-General_Concept
principles	O
to	O
authenticate	O
and	O
authorize	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
vendors	O
focus	O
on	O
the	O
networking	O
aspects	O
while	O
others	O
focus	O
on	O
the	O
security	O
aspect	O
which	O
is	O
now	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
Secure	O
Service	O
Edge	B-Device
(	O
SSE	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MEF	O
released	O
a	O
Working	O
Draft	O
;	O
"	O
MEF	O
W117	O
draft	O
1.01	O
SASE	O
(	O
Secure	B-General_Concept
Access	I-General_Concept
Service	I-General_Concept
Edge	I-General_Concept
)	O
SASE	O
Service	O
Attributes	O
and	O
Service	O
Framework	O
"	O
August	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
