<s>
A	O
scatternet	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
ad	B-General_Concept
hoc	I-General_Concept
computer	I-General_Concept
network	I-General_Concept
consisting	O
of	O
two	O
or	O
more	O
piconets	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
terms	O
"	O
scatternet	B-General_Concept
"	O
and	O
"	O
piconet	B-General_Concept
"	O
are	O
typically	O
applied	O
to	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
wireless	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
piconet	B-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
connection	O
that	O
is	O
formed	O
between	O
two	O
or	O
more	O
Bluetooth-enabled	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
modern	O
cell	O
phones	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
enabled	O
devices	O
are	O
"	O
peer	O
units	O
"	O
in	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
act	O
as	O
either	O
master	O
or	O
slave	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
when	O
a	O
piconet	B-General_Concept
is	O
formed	O
between	O
two	O
or	O
more	O
devices	O
,	O
one	O
device	O
takes	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
'	O
master	O
 '	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
other	O
devices	O
assume	O
a	O
'	O
slave	O
 '	O
role	O
for	O
synchronization	O
reasons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Piconets	B-General_Concept
have	O
a	O
7	O
member	O
address	O
space	O
(	O
3	O
bits	O
,	O
with	O
zero	O
reserved	O
for	O
broadcast	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
limits	O
the	O
maximum	O
size	O
of	O
a	O
piconet	B-General_Concept
to	O
8	O
devices	O
,	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
scatternet	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
interconnected	O
piconets	B-General_Concept
that	O
supports	O
communication	O
between	O
more	O
than	O
8	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scatternets	B-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
formed	O
when	O
a	O
member	O
of	O
one	O
piconet	B-General_Concept
(	O
either	O
the	O
master	O
or	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
slaves	O
)	O
elects	O
to	O
participate	O
as	O
a	O
slave	O
in	O
a	O
second	O
,	O
separate	O
piconet	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
device	O
participating	O
in	O
both	O
piconets	B-General_Concept
can	O
relay	O
data	O
between	O
members	O
of	O
both	O
ad	O
hoc	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
basic	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
protocol	O
does	O
not	O
support	O
this	O
relaying	O
-	O
the	O
host	O
software	O
of	O
each	O
device	O
would	O
need	O
to	O
manage	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
this	O
approach	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
join	O
together	O
numerous	O
piconets	B-General_Concept
into	O
a	O
large	O
scatternet	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
to	O
expand	O
the	O
physical	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
network	O
beyond	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
's	O
limited	O
range	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
there	O
are	O
very	O
few	O
actual	O
implementations	O
of	O
scatternets	B-General_Concept
due	O
to	O
limitations	O
of	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
and	O
the	O
MAC	O
address	O
protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
growing	O
body	O
of	O
research	O
being	O
conducted	O
with	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
developing	O
algorithms	O
to	O
efficiently	O
form	O
scatternets	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scatternets	B-General_Concept
have	O
the	O
potential	O
to	O
bring	O
the	O
interconnectivity	O
of	O
the	O
Internet	O
to	O
the	O
physical	O
world	O
through	O
wireless	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
number	O
of	O
companies	O
have	O
attempted	O
to	O
launch	O
social	O
networking	O
and	O
dating	O
services	O
that	O
leverage	O
early	O
scatternet	B-General_Concept
implementations	O
(	O
see	O
Bluedating	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scatternets	B-General_Concept
can	O
also	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
enable	O
ad	O
hoc	O
communication	O
and	O
interaction	O
between	O
autonomous	O
robots	O
and	O
other	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
papers	O
exist	O
that	O
propose	O
algorithms	O
for	O
scatternet	B-General_Concept
formation	O
,	O
and	O
many	O
different	O
approaches	O
have	O
been	O
simulated	O
in	O
both	O
academic	O
and	O
corporate	O
R&D	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
early	O
experiments	O
with	O
large	O
scatternets	B-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
found	O
at	O
ETH	O
Zurich	O
in	O
the	O
BTnode	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
a	O
student	O
at	O
University	O
College	O
Cork	O
,	O
Ireland	O
,	O
developed	O
a	O
scatternet-based	O
application	O
in	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
using	O
the	O
JSR-82	B-Language
library	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
application	O
's	O
main	O
purpose	O
is	O
to	O
facilitate	O
parallel	O
computations	O
over	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
scatternets	B-General_Concept
,	O
using	O
an	O
MPI-style	O
message	O
passing	O
paradigm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
it	O
only	O
runs	O
on	O
the	O
emulation	O
environment	O
provided	O
by	O
Sun	B-Language
's	I-Language
Wireless	I-Language
Toolkit	I-Language
,	O
it	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
creating	O
a	O
scatternet	B-General_Concept
of	O
up	O
to	O
15	O
devices	O
and	O
routing	O
a	O
message	O
through	O
the	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2006	O
,	O
a	O
student	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Technology	O
,	O
Iraq	O
,	O
developed	O
an	O
on-demand	O
peer-to-peer	O
scatternet	B-General_Concept
routing	O
algorithm	O
and	O
protocol	O
,	O
with	O
Java	B-Language
ME	I-Language
application	O
based	O
on	O
JSR-82	B-Language
library	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
application	O
was	O
tested	O
successfully	O
on	O
several	O
real	O
life	O
Java-enabled	O
mobile	O
phones	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
building	O
large	O
scatternets	B-General_Concept
,	O
but	O
its	O
only	O
practical	O
when	O
routes	O
are	O
less	O
than	O
3	O
nodes	O
long	O
due	O
to	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
's	O
speed	O
.	O
</s>
