<s>
Sakai	O
is	O
a	O
free	B-Application
,	O
community-driven	O
,	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
educational	O
software	O
platform	O
designed	O
to	O
support	O
teaching	O
,	O
research	O
and	O
collaboration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Systems	O
of	O
this	O
type	O
are	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
learning	B-Application
management	I-Application
systems	I-Application
(	O
LMS	O
)	O
,	O
course	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
systems	I-Protocol
(	O
CMS	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
virtual	B-Protocol
learning	I-Protocol
environments	I-Protocol
(	O
VLE	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
distributed	O
under	O
the	O
Educational	B-License
Community	I-License
License	I-License
,	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
license	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sakai	O
is	O
developed	O
as	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
software	O
as	O
a	O
community	O
effort	O
,	O
stewarded	O
by	O
the	O
Apereo	O
Foundation	O
,	O
a	O
member-based	O
,	O
non-profit	O
corporation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
early	O
versions	O
were	O
based	O
on	O
existing	O
tools	O
created	O
by	O
the	O
founding	O
institutions	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
largest	O
piece	O
coming	O
from	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Michigan	O
's	O
CHEF	O
course	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
institution	O
had	O
built	O
a	O
custom	O
course	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
:	O
</s>
<s>
uPortal	B-Language
and	O
the	O
Open	O
Knowledge	O
Initiative	O
were	O
also	O
represented	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
while	O
the	O
existing	O
Sakai	O
was	O
renamed	O
to	O
Sakai	B-Protocol
CLE	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
this	O
,	O
Sakai	B-Protocol
CLE	I-Protocol
development	O
slowly	O
picked	O
up	O
speed	O
again	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
Sakai	B-Protocol
CLE	I-Protocol
development	O
picked	O
up	O
speed	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
renamed	O
back	O
to	O
just	O
Sakai	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Sakai	O
software	O
includes	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
features	O
common	O
to	O
course	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
systems	I-Protocol
,	O
including	O
document	O
distribution	O
,	O
a	O
gradebook	O
,	O
discussion	O
,	O
live	O
chat	O
,	O
assignment	O
uploads	O
,	O
and	O
online	O
testing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
includes	O
a	O
wiki	B-Protocol
,	O
mailing	O
list	O
distribution	O
and	O
archiving	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
RSS	O
reader	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
it	O
is	O
a	O
platform	O
for	O
integrating	O
loosely	O
coupled	O
tools	O
,	O
which	O
provide	O
the	O
actual	O
functionality	O
;	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
core	O
tools	O
distributed	O
with	O
Sakai	O
,	O
several	O
important	O
third-party	O
tools	O
are	O
available	O
,	O
and	O
web	B-Operating_System
developers	I-Operating_System
can	O
write	O
their	O
own	O
additional	O
tools	O
in	O
a	O
language	O
of	O
their	O
own	O
choice	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Sakai	O
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
web	B-Application
applications	I-Application
written	O
in	O
Java-based	O
,	O
loosely	O
coupled	O
in	O
a	O
service-oriented	O
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
supported	O
web	B-Application
server	I-Application
is	O
Tomcat	B-Language
;	O
the	O
databases	O
supported	O
for	O
data	O
storage	O
are	O
Oracle	B-General_Concept
and	O
MySQL	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tools	O
have	O
a	O
business	O
logic	O
implementation	O
part	O
and	O
a	O
user	O
interface	O
part	O
,	O
implemented	O
using	O
various	O
Java	B-Language
technologies	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Owing	O
to	O
the	O
services	O
,	O
tools	O
and	O
user	O
interfaces	O
can	O
be	O
written	O
in	O
other	O
languages	O
than	O
Java	B-Language
,	O
but	O
this	O
does	O
not	O
happen	O
in	O
practice	O
.	O
</s>
