<s>
SQLJ	B-Language
is	O
a	O
working	O
title	O
for	O
efforts	O
to	O
combine	O
Java	B-Language
and	O
SQL	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
a	O
common	O
effort	O
started	O
around	O
1997	O
by	O
engineers	O
from	O
IBM	O
,	O
Oracle	B-Application
,	O
Compaq	O
,	O
Informix	O
,	O
Sybase	B-Application
,	O
Cloudscape	B-Language
and	O
Sun	O
Microsystems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Part	O
0	O
describes	O
the	O
embedding	O
of	O
SQL	B-Language
statements	O
into	O
Java	B-Language
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SQLJ	B-Language
part	O
0	O
is	O
the	O
basis	O
for	O
part	O
10	O
of	O
the	O
SQL:1999	B-Language
standard	O
,	O
aka	O
SQL	B-Language
Object	I-Language
Language	I-Language
Bindings	I-Language
(	O
SQL/OLB	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SQLJ	B-Language
parts	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
describes	O
the	O
converse	O
possibility	O
to	O
use	O
Java	B-Language
classes	O
(	O
routines	O
and	O
types	O
)	O
from	O
SQL	B-Language
statements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Parts	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
are	O
the	O
basis	O
for	O
part	O
13	O
of	O
the	O
SQL	B-Language
standard	O
,	O
SQL	B-Language
Routines	I-Language
and	I-Language
Types	I-Language
Using	I-Language
the	I-Language
Java	I-Language
Programming	I-Language
Language	I-Language
(	O
SQL/JRT	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
SQLJ	B-Language
"	O
is	O
commonly	O
used	O
to	O
refer	O
to	O
just	O
SQLJ	B-Language
part	O
0	O
,	O
usually	O
when	O
it	O
is	O
contrasted	O
with	O
other	O
means	O
of	O
embedding	O
SQL	B-Language
in	O
Java	B-Language
,	O
like	O
JDBC	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Part	O
0	O
was	O
updated	O
for	O
JDBC	B-Language
2.0	O
compatibility	O
and	O
ratified	O
by	O
ISO	O
in	O
2000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ISO/IEC	O
9075-13:2002	O
,	O
Information	O
technology	O
—	O
Database	O
languages	O
—	O
SQL	B-Language
—	O
Part	O
13	O
:	O
SQL	B-Language
Routines	I-Language
and	I-Language
Types	I-Language
Using	I-Language
the	I-Language
Java	I-Language
Programming	I-Language
Language	I-Language
(	O
SQL/JRT	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
SQLJ	B-Language
part	O
0	O
specification	O
largely	O
originated	O
from	O
Oracle	B-Application
,	O
who	O
also	O
provided	O
the	O
first	O
reference	O
implementation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
following	O
SQLJ	B-Language
is	O
a	O
synonym	O
for	O
SQLJ	B-Language
part	O
0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whereas	O
JDBC	B-Language
provides	O
an	O
API	B-Application
,	O
SQLJ	B-Language
consists	O
of	O
a	O
language	O
extension	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
programs	O
containing	O
SQLJ	B-Language
must	O
be	O
run	O
through	O
a	O
preprocessor	B-General_Concept
(	O
the	O
SQLJ	B-Language
translator	O
)	O
before	O
they	O
can	O
be	O
compiled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
advantages	O
of	O
SQLJ	B-Language
over	O
JDBC	B-Language
include	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
SQLJ	B-Language
commands	O
tend	O
to	O
be	O
shorter	O
than	O
equivalent	O
JDBC	B-Language
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SQL	B-Language
syntax	O
can	O
be	O
checked	O
at	O
compile	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Preprocessor	B-General_Concept
might	O
generate	O
static	O
SQL	B-Language
which	O
performs	O
better	O
than	O
dynamic	O
SQL	B-Language
because	O
query	O
plan	O
is	O
created	O
on	O
program	O
compile	O
time	O
,	O
stored	O
in	O
database	O
and	O
reused	O
at	O
runtime	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Static	O
SQL	B-Language
can	O
guarantee	O
access	O
plan	O
stability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IBM	O
DB2	O
supports	O
static	O
SQL	B-Language
use	O
in	O
SQLJ	B-Language
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SQLJ	B-Language
requires	O
a	O
preprocessing	O
step	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
IDEs	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
SQLJ	B-Language
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SQLJ	B-Language
lacks	O
support	O
for	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
common	O
persistence	O
frameworks	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Hibernate	B-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
Oracle	B-Application
18c	O
(	O
12.2	O
)	O
has	O
desupported	O
SQLJ	B-Language
in	O
the	O
database	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
examples	O
compare	O
SQLJ	B-Language
syntax	O
with	O
JDBC	B-Language
usage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
stmt.close( )	O
;	O
#sql	O
private	O
static	O
iterator	O
EmployeeIterator(String, String, BigDecimal )	O
;	O
</s>
