<s>
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
(	O
HochleistungsANalyseAnwendung	O
or	O
High-performance	O
ANalytic	O
Application	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
in-memory	B-General_Concept
,	O
column-oriented	B-General_Concept
,	O
relational	B-Application
database	I-Application
management	I-Application
system	I-Application
developed	O
and	O
marketed	O
by	O
SAP	B-Application
SE	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
primary	O
function	O
as	O
the	O
software	O
running	O
a	O
database	B-Application
server	I-Application
is	O
to	O
store	O
and	O
retrieve	O
data	O
as	O
requested	O
by	O
the	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
it	O
performs	O
advanced	O
analytics	O
(	O
predictive	B-General_Concept
analytics	I-General_Concept
,	O
spatial	B-Algorithm
data	I-Algorithm
processing	I-Algorithm
,	O
text	O
analytics	O
,	O
text	O
search	O
,	O
streaming	B-Application
analytics	I-Application
,	O
graph	B-Application
data	I-Application
processing	I-Application
)	O
and	O
includes	O
extract	O
,	O
transform	O
,	O
load	O
(	O
ETL	O
)	O
capabilities	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
an	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
early	O
development	O
of	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
,	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
technologies	O
were	O
developed	O
or	O
acquired	O
by	O
SAP	B-Application
SE	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
included	O
TREX	O
search	O
engine	O
(	O
in-memory	B-General_Concept
column-oriented	B-General_Concept
search	I-General_Concept
engine	I-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
P*TIME	O
(	O
in-memory	B-General_Concept
online	B-General_Concept
transaction	I-General_Concept
processing	I-General_Concept
(	O
OLTP	B-General_Concept
)	O
Platform	O
acquired	O
by	O
SAP	B-Application
in	O
2005	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
MaxDB	B-Application
with	O
its	O
in-memory	B-General_Concept
liveCache	O
engine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
major	O
demonstration	O
of	O
the	O
platform	O
was	O
in	O
2011	O
:	O
teams	O
from	O
SAP	B-Application
SE	I-Application
,	O
the	O
Hasso	O
Plattner	O
Institute	O
and	O
Stanford	O
University	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
application	O
architecture	O
for	O
real-time	O
analytics	O
and	O
aggregation	O
using	O
the	O
name	O
HYRISE	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Former	O
SAP	B-Application
SE	I-Application
executive	O
,	O
Vishal	O
Sikka	O
,	O
mentioned	O
this	O
architecture	O
as	O
"	O
Hasso	O
's	O
New	O
Architecture	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
software	O
was	O
previously	O
called	O
"	O
SAP	B-Application
High-Performance	O
Analytic	O
Appliance	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HANA	O
support	O
for	O
SAP	B-Application
NetWeaver	I-Application
Business	I-Application
Warehouse	I-Application
(	O
BW	O
)	O
was	O
announced	O
in	O
September	O
2011	O
for	O
availability	O
by	O
November	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2012	O
,	O
SAP	B-Application
promoted	O
aspects	O
of	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2012	O
,	O
SAP	B-Application
announced	O
a	O
platform	B-Application
as	I-Application
a	I-Application
service	I-Application
offering	O
called	O
the	O
SAP	B-General_Concept
HANA	I-General_Concept
Cloud	I-General_Concept
Platform	I-General_Concept
and	O
a	O
variant	O
called	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
One	O
that	O
used	O
a	O
smaller	O
amount	O
of	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2013	O
,	O
a	O
managed	B-Architecture
private	I-Architecture
cloud	I-Architecture
offering	O
called	O
the	O
HANA	O
Enterprise	O
Cloud	B-Architecture
service	I-Architecture
was	O
announced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2013	O
,	O
Business	O
Suite	O
on	O
HANA	O
became	O
available	O
,	O
enabling	O
customers	O
to	O
run	O
SAP	B-Application
Enterprise	I-Application
Resource	I-Application
Planning	I-Application
functions	O
on	O
the	O
HANA	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
S/4HANA	B-Application
,	O
released	O
in	O
2015	O
,	O
written	O
specifically	O
for	O
the	O
HANA	O
platform	O
,	O
combines	O
functionality	O
for	O
ERP	B-Application
,	O
CRM	B-Application
,	O
SRM	O
and	O
others	O
into	O
a	O
single	O
HANA	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
S/4HANA	B-Application
is	O
intended	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
simplified	O
business	O
suite	O
,	O
replacing	O
earlier	O
generation	O
ERP	B-Application
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
it	O
is	O
likely	O
that	O
SAP	B-Application
will	O
focus	O
its	O
innovations	O
on	O
S/4HANA	B-Application
,	O
some	O
customers	O
using	O
non-HANA	O
systems	O
have	O
raised	O
concerns	O
of	O
being	O
locked	O
into	O
SAP	B-Application
products	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
S/4HANA	B-Application
requires	O
an	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
system	O
to	O
run	O
,	O
customers	O
running	O
SAP	B-Application
business	O
suite	O
applications	O
on	O
hardware	O
not	O
certified	O
by	O
SAP	B-Application
would	O
need	O
to	O
migrate	O
to	O
a	O
SAP-certified	O
HANA	O
database	O
should	O
they	O
choose	O
the	O
features	O
offered	O
by	O
S/4HANA	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2016	O
SAP	B-Application
announced	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
2	O
,	O
which	O
offers	O
enhancements	O
to	O
multiple	O
areas	O
such	O
as	O
database	B-Application
management	I-Application
and	O
application	O
management	O
and	O
includes	O
two	O
new	O
cloud	B-Architecture
services	I-Architecture
:	O
Text	O
Analysis	O
and	O
Earth	O
Observation	O
Analysis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
key	O
distinctions	O
between	O
HANA	O
and	O
previous	O
generation	O
SAP	B-Application
systems	O
are	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
column-oriented	B-General_Concept
,	O
in-memory	B-General_Concept
database	I-General_Concept
,	O
that	O
combines	O
OLAP	B-Application
and	O
OLTP	B-General_Concept
operations	O
into	O
a	O
single	O
system	O
;	O
thus	O
in	O
general	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
is	O
an	O
"	O
online	O
transaction	O
and	O
analytical	O
processing	O
"	O
(	O
OLTAP	O
)	O
system	O
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
a	O
hybrid	O
transactional/analytical	O
processing	O
(	O
HTAP	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Storing	O
data	O
in	O
main	O
memory	O
rather	O
than	O
on	O
disk	B-Device
provides	O
faster	O
data	O
access	O
and	O
,	O
by	O
extension	O
,	O
faster	O
querying	O
and	O
processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
storing	O
data	O
in-memory	B-General_Concept
confers	O
performance	O
advantages	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
more	O
costly	O
form	O
of	O
data	O
storage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Observing	O
data	O
access	O
patterns	O
,	O
up	O
to	O
85%	O
of	O
data	O
in	O
an	O
enterprise	O
system	O
may	O
be	O
infrequently	O
accessed	O
therefore	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
cost-effective	O
to	O
store	O
frequently	O
accessed	O
,	O
or	O
"	O
hot	O
"	O
,	O
data	O
in-memory	B-General_Concept
while	O
the	O
less	O
frequently	O
accessed	O
"	O
warm	O
"	O
data	O
is	O
stored	O
on	O
disk	B-Device
,	O
an	O
approach	O
SAP	B-Application
have	O
termed	O
"	O
Dynamic	O
tiering	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Column-oriented	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
store	O
all	O
data	O
for	O
a	O
single	O
column	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
location	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
storing	O
all	O
data	O
for	O
a	O
single	O
row	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
location	O
(	O
row-oriented	O
systems	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
can	O
enable	O
performance	O
improvements	O
for	O
OLAP	B-Application
queries	O
on	O
large	O
datasets	O
and	O
allows	O
greater	O
vertical	O
compression	O
of	O
similar	O
types	O
of	O
data	O
in	O
a	O
single	O
column	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
the	O
read	O
times	O
for	O
column-stored	O
data	O
is	O
fast	O
enough	O
,	O
consolidated	O
views	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
can	O
be	O
performed	O
on	O
the	O
fly	O
,	O
removing	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
maintaining	O
aggregate	O
views	O
and	O
its	O
associated	O
data	B-Application
redundancy	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
row-oriented	O
systems	O
have	O
traditionally	O
been	O
favored	O
for	O
OLTP	B-General_Concept
,	O
in-memory	B-General_Concept
storage	O
opens	O
techniques	O
to	O
develop	O
hybrid	O
systems	O
suitable	O
for	O
both	O
OLAP	B-Application
and	O
OLTP	B-General_Concept
capabilities	O
,	O
removing	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
maintain	O
separate	O
systems	O
for	O
OLTP	B-General_Concept
and	O
OLAP	B-Application
operations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
Information	O
Modeling	O
(	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
Data	O
Modeling	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
HANA	O
application	O
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
manages	O
concurrency	B-Operating_System
through	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
multiversion	B-Operating_System
concurrency	I-Operating_System
control	I-Operating_System
(	O
MVCC	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
gives	O
every	O
transaction	O
a	O
snapshot	O
of	O
the	O
database	O
at	O
a	O
point	O
in	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
RAM	O
is	O
still	O
much	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
disk	B-Device
space	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
scale-out	O
approach	O
is	O
only	O
feasible	O
for	O
certain	O
time	O
critical	O
use	O
cases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
includes	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
analytic	O
engines	O
for	O
various	O
kinds	O
of	O
data	O
processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Predictive	B-General_Concept
Analytics	I-General_Concept
Library	O
includes	O
native	O
algorithms	O
for	O
calculating	O
common	O
statistical	O
measures	O
in	O
areas	O
such	O
as	O
clustering	B-Algorithm
,	O
classification	B-General_Concept
and	O
time	O
series	O
analysis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HANA	O
incorporates	O
the	O
open	O
source	O
statistical	O
programming	O
language	O
R	B-Language
as	O
a	O
supported	O
language	O
within	O
stored	B-General_Concept
procedures	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
column-store	O
database	O
offers	O
graph	B-Application
database	I-Application
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
graph	O
engine	O
processes	O
the	O
Cypher	B-Language
Query	I-Language
Language	I-Language
and	O
also	O
has	O
a	O
visual	O
graph	O
manipulation	O
via	O
a	O
tool	O
called	O
Graph	O
Viewer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Graph	O
data	O
structures	O
are	O
stored	O
directly	O
in	O
relational	O
tables	O
in	O
HANA	O
's	O
column	B-General_Concept
store	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
HANA	O
also	O
includes	O
a	O
spatial	B-Algorithm
database	I-Algorithm
engine	O
which	O
implements	O
spatial	O
data	O
types	O
and	O
SQL	O
extensions	O
for	O
CRUD	B-General_Concept
operations	O
on	O
spatial	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HANA	O
is	O
certified	O
by	O
the	O
Open	O
Geospatial	O
Consortium	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
integrates	O
with	O
ESRI	O
's	O
ArcGIS	B-Application
geographic	I-Application
information	I-Application
system	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Besides	O
the	O
database	O
and	O
data	O
analytics	O
capabilities	O
,	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
is	O
a	O
web-based	B-Application
application	I-Application
server	I-Application
,	O
hosting	O
user-facing	O
applications	O
tightly	O
integrated	O
with	O
the	O
database	O
and	O
analytics	O
engines	O
of	O
HANA	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
XS	O
Advanced	O
Engine	O
"	O
(	O
XSA	O
)	O
natively	O
works	O
with	O
Node.js	B-Language
and	O
JavaEE	B-Language
languages	O
and	O
runtimes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XSA	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
Cloud	B-General_Concept
Foundry	I-General_Concept
architecture	O
and	O
thus	O
supports	O
the	O
notion	O
of	O
“	O
Bring	O
Your	O
Own	O
Language	O
”	O
,	O
allowing	O
developers	O
to	O
develop	O
and	O
deploy	O
applications	O
written	O
in	O
languages	O
and	O
in	O
runtimes	O
other	O
than	O
those	O
XSA	O
implements	O
natively	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
deploying	O
applications	O
as	O
microservices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XSA	O
also	O
allows	O
server-side	B-Application
JavaScript	B-Language
(	O
XSJS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Supporting	O
the	O
application	B-Application
server	I-Application
is	O
a	O
suite	O
of	O
application	O
lifecycle	O
management	O
tools	O
allowing	O
development	O
deployment	O
and	O
monitoring	O
of	O
user-facing	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HANA	O
can	O
be	O
deployed	O
on-premises	B-General_Concept
or	O
in	B-Architecture
the	I-Architecture
cloud	I-Architecture
from	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
cloud	B-Architecture
service	I-Architecture
providers	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
HANA	O
can	O
be	O
deployed	O
on-premises	B-General_Concept
as	O
a	O
new	O
appliance	O
from	O
a	O
certified	O
hardware	O
vendor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alternatively	O
,	O
existing	O
hardware	O
components	O
such	O
as	O
storage	O
and	O
network	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
implementation	O
,	O
an	O
approach	O
which	O
SAP	B-Application
calls	O
"	O
Tailored	O
Data	O
Center	O
Integration	O
(	O
TDI	O
)	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Supported	O
hardware	O
platforms	O
for	O
on-premise	B-General_Concept
deployment	O
include	O
Intel	O
64	O
and	O
POWER	B-Device
Systems	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multiple	O
cloud	B-Architecture
providers	O
offer	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
on	O
an	O
Infrastructure	B-General_Concept
as	I-General_Concept
a	I-General_Concept
Service	I-General_Concept
basis	O
,	O
including	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
SAP	B-Application
also	O
offer	O
their	O
own	O
cloud	B-Architecture
services	I-Architecture
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
licensing	O
is	O
primarily	O
divided	O
into	O
two	O
categories	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Used	O
to	O
run	O
SAP	B-Application
applications	O
such	O
as	O
SAP	B-Application
Business	O
Warehouse	O
powered	O
by	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
and	O
SAP	B-Application
S/4HANA	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Used	O
to	O
run	O
both	O
SAP	B-Application
and	O
non-SAP	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Base	O
Edition	O
:	O
Provides	O
core	O
database	O
features	O
and	O
development	O
tools	O
but	O
does	O
not	O
support	O
SAP	B-Application
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Platform	O
Edition	O
:	O
Base	O
edition	O
plus	O
spatial	O
,	O
predictive	O
,	O
R	B-Language
server	O
integration	O
,	O
search	O
,	O
text	O
,	O
analytics	O
,	O
graph	O
engines	O
and	O
additional	O
packaged	O
business	O
libraries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
March	O
9	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
is	O
available	O
in	O
an	O
Express	O
edition	O
;	O
a	O
streamlined	O
version	O
which	O
can	O
run	O
on	O
laptops	O
and	O
other	O
resource-limited	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
license	O
for	O
SAP	B-Application
HANA	I-Application
,	O
express	O
edition	O
is	O
free	O
of	O
charge	O
,	O
even	O
for	O
productive	O
use	O
up	O
to	O
32	O
GB	O
of	O
RAM	O
.	O
</s>
