<s>
File:Icons-mini-page	O
url.gif	O
C:\Documents	O
and	O
Settings\{username}	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Application	O
Data	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Cookies	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Desktop	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Favorites	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Local	O
Settings	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Application	O
Data	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
History	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Temp	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Temporary	O
Internet	O
Files	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
My	B-Application
Documents	I-Application
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
My	O
Music	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
My	B-Application
Pictures	I-Application
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
My	O
Videos	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Recent	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
NetHood	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
PrintHood	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
SendTo	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Start	O
Menu	O
File:Icons-mini-folder.gif	O
Templates	O
File:Icons-mini-page	O
text.gif	O
NTUSER.DAT	O
File:Icons-mini-page	O
text.gif	O
ntuser.dat.LOG	O
File:Icons-mini-page	O
text.gif	O
ntuser.ini	O
Folder	O
layout	O
of	O
typical	O
Windows	O
2000/XP	O
user	O
profile	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Normally	O
everything	O
except	O
the	O
items	O
within	O
"	O
Local	O
Settings	O
"	O
is	O
stored	O
on	O
the	O
file	B-Application
server	I-Application
as	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
user	I-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
file	B-Application
synchronization	I-Application
concept	O
in	O
the	O
Windows	B-Device
NT	I-Device
family	I-Device
of	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
that	O
allows	O
users	O
with	O
a	O
computer	O
joined	O
to	O
a	O
Windows	B-General_Concept
domain	I-General_Concept
to	O
log	O
on	O
to	O
any	O
computer	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
domain	O
and	O
access	O
their	O
documents	O
and	O
have	O
a	O
consistent	O
desktop	O
experience	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
applications	O
remembering	O
toolbar	O
positions	O
and	O
preferences	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
desktop	O
appearance	O
staying	O
the	O
same	O
,	O
while	O
keeping	O
all	O
related	O
files	O
stored	O
locally	O
,	O
to	O
not	O
continuously	O
depend	O
on	O
a	O
fast	O
and	O
reliable	O
network	O
connection	O
to	O
a	O
file	B-Application
server	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
Windows	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
since	O
Windows	B-Device
NT	I-Device
3.1	I-Device
are	O
designed	O
to	O
support	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Registry	I-Protocol
is	O
similarly	O
divided	O
to	O
support	O
roaming	O
;	O
there	O
are	O
System	O
and	O
Local	O
Machine	O
hives	O
that	O
stay	O
on	O
the	O
local	O
computer	O
,	O
plus	O
a	O
separate	O
User	O
hive	O
(	O
HKEY_CURRENT_USER	O
)	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
roam	O
with	O
the	O
user	O
profile	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
a	O
roaming	O
user	O
is	O
created	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
profile	O
information	O
is	O
instead	O
stored	O
on	O
a	O
centralized	O
file	B-Application
server	I-Application
accessible	O
from	O
any	O
network-joined	O
desktop	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
the	O
domain	O
login	O
is	O
successful	O
,	O
the	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
is	O
copied	O
from	O
the	O
central	O
file	B-Application
server	I-Application
to	O
the	O
desktop	O
computer	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
local	O
account	O
is	O
created	O
for	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
user	O
logs	O
off	O
from	O
the	O
desktop	O
computer	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
is	O
merged	O
from	O
the	O
local	O
computer	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
central	O
file	B-Application
server	I-Application
,	O
not	O
including	O
the	O
temporary	O
local	O
profile	O
items	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
user	O
logs	O
in	O
on	O
a	O
second	O
desktop	O
computer	O
,	O
this	O
process	O
repeats	O
,	O
merging	O
the	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
from	O
the	O
server	O
to	O
the	O
second	O
desktop	O
computer	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
merging	O
back	O
from	O
the	O
desktop	O
to	O
the	O
server	O
when	O
the	O
user	O
logs	O
off	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
user	O
returns	O
to	O
the	O
first	O
desktop	O
computer	O
and	O
logs	O
in	O
,	O
the	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
is	O
merged	O
with	O
the	O
previous	O
profile	O
information	O
,	O
replacing	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
the	O
profile	O
copying	O
at	O
login	O
and	O
logout	O
,	O
a	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
set	O
up	O
using	O
the	O
default	O
configuration	O
can	O
be	O
extremely	O
slow	O
and	O
waste	O
considerable	O
amounts	O
of	O
time	O
for	O
users	O
with	O
large	O
amounts	O
of	O
data	O
in	O
their	O
account	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
Microsoft	O
designed	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
,	O
the	O
programmers	O
made	O
an	O
explicit	O
decision	O
to	O
store	O
cookies	O
and	O
favorites	O
as	O
tiny	O
individual	O
files	O
less	O
than	O
a	O
kilobyte	O
each	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
storing	O
this	O
data	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
large	O
consolidated	O
file	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
File	B-Application
servers	I-Application
tend	O
to	O
only	O
transfer	O
large	O
files	O
several	O
megabytes	O
in	O
size	O
at	O
the	O
fastest	O
possible	O
network	O
speed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
with	O
a	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
can	O
encounter	O
crippling	O
logon	O
delays	O
when	O
logging	O
in	O
over	O
a	O
WAN	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
domain	O
from	O
a	O
remote	O
site	O
,	O
after	O
authentication	O
,	O
Windows	O
will	O
attempt	O
to	O
pull	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
profile	O
from	O
the	O
location	O
specified	O
in	O
Active	B-Protocol
Directory	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
must	O
be	O
done	O
in	O
enough	O
time	O
that	O
the	O
change	O
is	O
replicated	O
to	O
the	O
relevant	O
Domain	B-Protocol
Controller	I-Protocol
at	O
the	O
remote	O
site	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Working	O
with	O
large	O
files	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
editing	O
raw	B-Device
videos	I-Device
,	O
can	O
cause	O
excessive	O
login	O
and	O
logout	O
times	O
,	O
as	O
Windows	O
will	O
copy	O
files	O
in	O
the	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
to	O
the	O
computer	O
on	O
login	O
and	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
server	O
on	O
logout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
deal	O
with	O
this	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
created	O
a	O
utility	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
User	O
Profile	O
Hive	O
Cleanup	O
Service	O
which	O
will	O
forcibly	O
remap	O
the	O
file	B-Application
handles	I-Application
for	O
these	O
misbehaving	O
programs	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
profile	O
copying	O
can	O
finish	O
successfully	O
and	O
the	O
account	O
logoff	O
is	O
successful	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
recent	O
version	O
of	O
a	O
file	O
in	O
a	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
without	O
redirection	O
is	O
stored	O
only	O
on	O
the	O
local	O
computer	O
,	O
and	O
stays	O
there	O
until	O
the	O
user	O
logs	O
off	O
,	O
whereupon	O
it	O
transfers	O
to	O
the	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Documents	O
in	O
a	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
copied	O
down	O
to	O
the	O
local	O
machine	O
have	O
no	O
network	O
awareness	O
of	O
each	O
other	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
possible	O
to	O
use	O
file	B-Application
locking	I-Application
to	O
alert	O
the	O
user	O
that	O
the	O
file	O
is	O
already	O
open	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
such	O
,	O
a	O
user	O
that	O
roams	O
between	O
computers	O
with	O
different	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
needs	O
separate	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
for	O
each	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
add	O
"	O
.v2	O
"	O
suffix	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
profile	O
folder	O
to	O
isolate	O
it	O
from	O
the	O
user	O
profiles	O
of	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
and	O
earlier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
later	O
released	O
hotfixes	O
and	O
instructions	O
to	O
enable	O
these	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
to	O
append	O
"	O
.v3	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
.v4	O
"	O
suffixes	O
respectively	O
,	O
segregating	O
them	O
from	O
cross-OS	O
access	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
deal	O
with	O
these	O
profile	O
copying	O
problems	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
override	O
the	O
default	O
operation	O
of	O
roaming	O
,	O
and	O
set	O
up	O
user	O
accounts	O
so	O
that	O
certain	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
profile	O
are	O
accessed	O
by	O
the	O
local	O
computer	O
directly	O
on	O
a	O
central	O
file	B-Application
server	I-Application
rather	O
than	O
copying	O
to	O
the	O
local	O
computer	O
first	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
the	O
end-user	O
,	O
folder	B-Device
redirection	I-Device
generally	O
does	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
function	O
any	O
differently	O
from	O
using	O
a	O
normal	O
standalone	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Redirecting	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
My	B-Application
Documents	I-Application
and	O
Desktop	O
to	O
be	O
accessed	O
directly	O
on	O
a	O
file	B-Application
server	I-Application
are	O
the	O
first	O
two	O
big	O
steps	O
for	O
speeding	O
up	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
as	O
3rd	O
party	O
software	O
have	O
begun	O
to	O
store	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
data	O
in	O
the	O
Application	O
Data	O
portion	O
of	O
the	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
,	O
it	O
has	O
also	O
become	O
useful	O
to	O
redirect	O
that	O
to	O
also	O
be	O
accessed	O
directly	O
on	O
the	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
question	O
may	O
be	O
raised	O
as	O
to	O
why	O
the	O
entire	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
can	O
not	O
be	O
accessed	O
directly	O
on	O
the	O
server	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
copying	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
done	O
at	O
all	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adobe	B-Application
Reader	I-Application
has	O
been	O
incompatible	O
with	O
Application	O
Data	O
located	O
on	O
a	O
UNC	O
file	O
path	O
since	O
at	O
least	O
version	O
9.0	O
,	O
which	O
would	O
crash	O
with	O
a	O
runtime	O
error	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adobe	B-Application
Reader	I-Application
X	I-Application
(	O
10.0	O
)	O
is	O
partially	O
compatible	O
but	O
will	O
not	O
run	O
in	O
document	O
protection	O
mode	O
on	O
a	O
UNC	O
path	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOffice.org	B-Application
3.3	I-Application
is	O
similarly	O
incompatible	O
with	O
Application	O
Data	O
on	O
a	O
UNC	O
path	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
software	O
crashes	O
on	O
startup	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roaming	B-General_Concept
Profiles	I-General_Concept
and	O
redirection	O
are	O
not	O
supported	O
by	O
AutoCAD	B-Algorithm
2013	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Folder	B-Device
redirection	I-Device
may	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
mandatory	O
profiles	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
useful	O
in	O
situations	O
where	O
it	O
is	O
desirable	O
to	O
"	O
lock	O
down	O
"	O
the	O
general	O
desktop	O
appearance	O
but	O
still	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
save	O
documents	O
to	O
the	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Redirecting	O
My	B-Application
Documents	I-Application
and	O
the	O
Desktop	O
in	O
a	O
mandatory	O
profile	O
will	O
allow	O
documents	O
to	O
be	O
saved	O
,	O
but	O
at	O
logoff	O
,	O
any	O
changes	O
to	O
the	O
desktop	O
appearance	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
desktop	O
picture	O
,	O
Internet	B-Application
Explorer	I-Application
cookies	O
,	O
Favorites	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Recent	O
documents	O
opened	O
list	O
are	O
reverted	O
to	O
the	O
original	O
state	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Folder	B-Device
redirection	I-Device
with	O
mandatory	O
profiles	O
is	O
accomplished	O
by	O
denying	O
write	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
central	O
copy	O
of	O
the	O
profile	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
user	O
U	O
logs	O
into	O
a	O
Windows	O
computer	O
C	O
joined	O
to	O
a	O
domain	O
,	O
then	O
C	O
will	O
consult	O
the	O
following	O
locations	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
the	O
user	O
has	O
a	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
path	O
configured	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
LDAP	B-Protocol
attributes	O
can	O
be	O
set	O
by	O
a	O
domain	O
administrator	O
,	O
or	O
anyone	O
else	O
who	O
has	O
write	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
respective	O
LDAP	B-Protocol
user	O
object	O
according	O
to	O
its	O
access-control	O
list	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
value	O
configured	O
as	O
the	O
profile	O
path	O
is	O
typically	O
given	O
as	O
a	O
UNC	O
path	O
to	O
folder	O
on	O
an	O
SMB	B-Operating_System
file	B-Application
server	I-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
path	O
typically	O
contains	O
the	O
variable	O
“	O
%USERNAME%	O
”	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
specific	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
for	O
Remote	B-Protocol
Desktop	I-Protocol
Server	I-Protocol
users	O
is	O
specified	O
under	O
the	O
"	O
Remote	B-Protocol
Desktop	I-Protocol
Services	I-Protocol
Profile	O
"	O
tab	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Windows	B-Application
2000	I-Application
and	O
later	O
versions	O
,	O
a	O
GUI	O
interface	O
for	O
setting	O
the	O
profilePath	O
attribute	O
is	O
available	O
in	O
the	O
Active	B-Protocol
Directory	I-Protocol
Users	O
and	O
Computers	O
snap-in	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Device
NT	I-Device
4.0	I-Device
and	O
earlier	O
used	O
the	O
User	O
Manager	O
for	O
Domains	O
program	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
many	O
other	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
,	O
such	O
LDAP	B-Protocol
attributes	O
can	O
be	O
accessed	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
with	O
OpenLDAP	B-Language
command-line	O
tools	O
ldapsearch	O
and	O
ldapmodify	O
(	O
after	O
SASL/GSSAPI	O
authentication	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
a	O
user	O
logs	O
into	O
a	O
computer	O
joined	O
to	O
a	O
domain	O
,	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
shell	I-Application
will	O
check	O
the	O
above-mentioned	O
LDAP	B-Protocol
attributes	O
and	O
group	O
policy	O
files	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
user	I-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
path	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
has	O
not	O
documented	O
the	O
precise	O
file	B-Application
synchronization	I-Application
algorithm	O
that	O
this	O
function	O
implements	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
involves	O
comparing	O
for	O
each	O
file	O
found	O
in	O
both	O
the	O
local	O
and	O
the	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
the	O
timestamps	O
,	O
to	O
then	O
replace	O
any	O
older	O
file	O
found	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
user	O
logs	O
off	O
,	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
shell	I-Application
calls	O
,	O
which	O
applies	O
a	O
similar	O
file	B-Application
synchronization	I-Application
algorithm	O
in	O
the	O
opposite	O
direction	O
,	O
to	O
allow	O
changes	O
made	O
to	O
the	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
to	O
migrate	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
location	O
where	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
is	O
stored	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
since	O
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
,	O
it	O
has	O
possible	O
to	O
specify	O
a	O
group	O
policy	O
“	O
Background	O
upload	O
of	O
a	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
user	I-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
's	O
registry	O
file	O
while	O
user	O
is	O
logged	O
on	O
”	O
to	O
apply	O
this	O
synchronization	O
process	O
to	O
the	O
NTuser.dat	O
file	O
at	O
regular	O
intervals	O
(	O
default	O
is	O
12	O
hours	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Logging	O
into	O
Windows	O
via	O
OpenSSH	O
for	O
Windows	O
does	O
not	O
load	O
a	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Workstations	O
running	O
Windows	O
95	O
,	O
98	O
or	O
Me	O
can	O
also	O
have	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
,	O
however	O
the	O
users	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
files	O
in	O
Windows	O
9x	O
are	O
stored	O
in	O
the	O
users	O
Home	O
directory	O
even	O
if	O
a	O
separate	O
location	O
for	O
roaming	O
is	O
specified	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
order	O
to	O
use	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
in	O
Windows	O
9x	O
each	O
workstation	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
set	O
up	O
to	O
have	O
separate	O
profile	O
settings	O
for	O
each	O
user	O
that	O
logs	O
into	O
the	O
local	O
workstation	O
enabled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roaming	B-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
on	O
Windows	O
95	O
,	O
98	O
and	O
Me	O
are	O
all	O
compatible	O
with	O
each	O
other	O
so	O
if	O
a	O
network	O
has	O
mixture	O
of	O
Windows	O
95	O
and	O
Windows	O
98	O
workstations	O
the	O
same	O
user	O
profile	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
each	O
workstation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
also	O
the	O
case	O
with	O
Roaming	B-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
between	O
Windows	B-Device
NT	I-Device
4.0	I-Device
,	O
Windows	B-Application
2000	I-Application
,	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
but	O
there	O
may	O
be	O
some	O
compatibility	O
issues	O
due	O
to	O
differences	O
in	O
each	O
version	O
of	O
Windows	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roaming	B-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
in	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
are	O
compatible	O
with	O
each	O
other	O
but	O
these	O
versions	O
are	O
not	O
compatible	O
with	O
earlier	O
versions	O
of	O
Windows	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
separate	O
profile	O
folder	O
with	O
the	O
extension	O
will	O
be	O
created	O
when	O
using	O
Roaming	B-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
with	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
or	O
7	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
roaming	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
Novell	O
servers	O
,	O
the	O
Novell	O
product	O
"	O
ZENworks	B-Protocol
Desktop	I-Protocol
Management	I-Protocol
"	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
installed	O
on	O
the	O
server	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
associated	O
workstation	O
management	O
package	O
installed	O
on	O
each	O
of	O
the	O
client	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Within	O
the	O
directory	O
,	O
a	O
User	O
Package	O
object	O
is	O
created	O
,	O
which	O
enables	O
roaming	O
,	O
specifies	O
where	O
the	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
is	O
stored	O
,	O
and	O
also	O
stores	O
any	O
associated	O
group	O
policies	O
for	O
each	O
version	O
of	O
Windows	O
where	O
users	O
will	O
login	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
User	O
Package	O
also	O
enables	O
Dynamic	O
Local	O
User	O
,	O
which	O
functions	O
similar	O
to	O
Active	B-Protocol
Directory	I-Protocol
,	O
allowing	O
an	O
account	O
created	O
in	O
eDirectory	O
to	O
log	O
in	O
on	O
any	O
desktop	O
computer	O
even	O
if	O
no	O
local	O
account	O
exists	O
in	O
advance	O
,	O
and	O
assigns	O
local	O
account	O
privileges	O
such	O
as	O
User	O
,	O
Power	O
User	O
,	O
or	O
Administrator	O
to	O
the	O
newly	O
created	O
local	O
user	O
account	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
User	O
Package	O
can	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
specific	O
user	O
account	O
in	O
the	O
directory	O
,	O
or	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
organizational	B-Protocol
unit	I-Protocol
that	O
then	O
applies	O
to	O
all	O
user	O
accounts	O
within	O
that	O
OU	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
User	O
Package	O
also	O
enables	O
additional	O
ZENworks	B-Protocol
Desktop	I-Protocol
Management	I-Protocol
functions	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
remote	O
view	O
and	O
remote	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
desktop	O
computer	O
,	O
network	O
printers	O
that	O
follow	O
the	O
user	O
from	O
one	O
desktop	O
to	O
the	O
next	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
scheduling	O
of	O
events	O
that	O
are	O
to	O
be	O
run	O
wherever	O
the	O
user	O
is	O
logged	O
in	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	O
3.x	O
had	O
an	O
administrative	O
setup	O
option	O
which	O
network	O
administrators	O
could	O
use	O
by	O
typing	O
setup.exe	O
/a	O
Windows	O
could	O
then	O
be	O
installed	O
to	O
a	O
network	B-General_Concept
share	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
local	O
files	O
could	O
be	O
saved	O
to	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
home	O
directory	O
on	O
a	O
Novell	O
or	O
Windows	B-Device
NT	I-Device
Domain	O
network	O
allowing	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
have	O
his	O
or	O
her	O
settings	O
roam	O
between	O
machines	O
,	O
the	O
local	O
machine	O
in	O
this	O
scenario	O
did	O
not	O
require	O
a	O
hard	O
drive	O
and	O
could	O
have	O
been	O
booted	O
from	O
a	O
floppy	O
or	O
network	O
card	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
perform	O
a	O
reset	O
the	O
affected	O
user	O
needs	O
to	O
log	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
and	O
then	O
the	O
folder	O
where	O
the	O
users	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
is	O
stored	O
on	O
the	O
server	O
is	O
then	O
renamed	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
profile	O
must	O
also	O
be	O
deleted	O
from	O
the	O
local	O
workstation	O
the	O
user	O
logs	O
into	O
otherwise	O
the	O
user	O
will	O
take	O
the	O
locally	O
stored	O
profile	O
on	O
next	O
login	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
profile	O
has	O
been	O
cleared	O
from	O
the	O
local	O
machine	O
when	O
the	O
user	O
logs	O
in	O
a	O
new	O
profile	O
will	O
be	O
generated	O
using	O
the	O
default	O
profile	O
stored	O
on	O
the	O
workstation	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
user	O
logs	O
out	O
the	O
profile	O
will	O
be	O
copied	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
location	O
where	O
the	O
users	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
was	O
stored	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Enforcement	O
of	O
administrative	O
control	O
by	O
using	O
mandatory	B-General_Concept
user	I-General_Concept
profiles	I-General_Concept
which	O
helps	O
to	O
protect	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
environment	O
from	O
being	O
damaged	O
by	O
the	O
user	O
himself/herself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
login	O
time	O
may	O
be	O
reduced	O
if	O
the	O
profile	O
is	O
cached	O
as	O
some	O
files	O
can	O
be	O
loaded	O
from	O
the	O
local	O
workstation	O
and	O
by	O
using	O
folder	B-Device
redirection	I-Device
to	O
redirect	O
folders	O
that	O
can	O
grow	O
to	O
a	O
large	O
size	O
,	O
like	O
My	B-Application
Documents	I-Application
,	O
to	O
a	O
network	B-General_Concept
share	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
this	O
limitation	O
has	O
been	O
addressed	O
in	O
Windows	B-Device
Server	I-Device
2008	I-Device
Active	B-Protocol
Directory	I-Protocol
by	O
allowing	O
folder	B-Device
redirection	I-Device
of	O
almost	O
all	O
folders	O
that	O
were	O
previously	O
stored	O
in	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
profile	O
(	O
including	O
My	O
Music	O
,	O
Favorites	O
,	O
and	O
others	O
)	O
to	O
a	O
centralized	O
and	O
secured	O
network	B-General_Concept
share	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
means	O
that	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
can	O
easily	O
be	O
reduced	O
to	O
size	O
smaller	O
than	O
20MB	O
,	O
thus	O
eliminating	O
the	O
long	O
login	O
times	O
that	O
were	O
experienced	O
with	O
previous	O
versions	O
of	O
AD	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
using	O
folder	B-Device
redirection	I-Device
and	O
automatic	O
caching	O
of	O
offline	O
files	O
,	O
all	O
of	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
files	O
and	O
preferences	O
are	O
available	O
offline	O
and	O
synced	O
in	O
a	O
much	O
more	O
efficient	O
manner	O
than	O
previously	O
possible	O
when	O
the	O
computer	O
is	O
reconnected	O
to	O
the	O
network	O
using	O
Remote	O
Differential	O
Compression	O
(	O
RDC	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
corrupt	O
application	O
functionality	O
under	O
roaming	B-General_Concept
profile	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Redirected	O
network	O
folders	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
override	O
the	O
separation	O
between	O
2000/XP	O
and	O
Vista/Win7	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
programs	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
AppSense	O
)	O
manage	O
user	O
profiles	O
,	O
settings	O
,	O
and	O
data	O
,	O
storing	O
them	O
in	O
a	O
network	B-General_Concept
share	I-General_Concept
or	O
the	B-Architecture
cloud	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
