<s>
rnn	B-Algorithm
is	O
an	O
open-source	B-Application
machine	O
learning	O
framework	O
that	O
implements	O
recurrent	B-Algorithm
neural	I-Algorithm
network	I-Algorithm
architectures	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
LSTM	B-Algorithm
and	O
GRU	B-Algorithm
,	O
natively	O
in	O
the	O
R	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
downloaded	O
over	O
100,000	O
times	O
(	O
from	O
the	O
RStudio	O
servers	O
alone	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
rnn	B-Algorithm
package	O
is	O
distributed	O
through	O
the	O
Comprehensive	O
R	B-Language
Archive	O
Network	O
under	O
the	O
open-source	B-Application
GPL	O
v3	O
license	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
below	O
example	O
from	O
the	O
rnn	B-Algorithm
documentation	O
show	O
how	O
to	O
train	O
a	O
recurrent	B-Algorithm
neural	I-Algorithm
network	I-Algorithm
to	O
solve	O
the	O
problem	O
of	O
bit-by-bit	O
binary	O
addition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
sigmoid	B-Algorithm
functions	I-Algorithm
and	O
derivatives	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
package	O
were	O
originally	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
package	O
,	O
from	O
version	O
0.8.0	O
onwards	O
,	O
these	O
were	O
released	O
in	O
a	O
separate	O
R	B-Language
package	O
sigmoid	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
intention	O
to	O
enable	O
more	O
general	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
sigmoid	O
package	O
is	O
a	O
dependency	O
of	O
the	O
rnn	B-Algorithm
package	O
and	O
therefore	O
automatically	O
installed	O
with	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
package	O
was	O
reviewed	O
several	O
months	O
later	O
on	O
the	O
R	B-Language
blog	O
The	O
Beginner	O
Programmer	O
as	O
"	O
R	B-Language
provides	O
a	O
simple	O
and	O
very	O
user	O
friendly	O
package	O
named	O
rnn	B-Algorithm
for	O
working	O
with	O
recurrent	B-Algorithm
neural	I-Algorithm
networks	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
book	O
by	O
Balaji	O
Venkateswaran	O
and	O
Giuseppe	O
Ciaburro	O
uses	O
rnn	B-Algorithm
to	O
demonstrate	O
recurrent	B-Algorithm
neural	I-Algorithm
networks	I-Algorithm
to	O
R	B-Language
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
r-exercises.com	O
course	O
"	O
Neural	O
network	O
exercises	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
