<s>
A	O
render	B-Operating_System
farm	I-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
high-performance	O
computer	O
system	O
,	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
a	O
computer	B-Architecture
cluster	I-Architecture
,	O
built	O
to	O
render	O
computer-generated	O
imagery	O
(	O
CGI	O
)	O
,	O
typically	O
for	O
film	O
and	O
television	O
visual	O
effects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
render	B-Operating_System
farm	I-Operating_System
was	O
born	O
during	O
the	O
production	O
of	O
the	O
Autodesk	B-Language
3D	I-Language
Studio	I-Language
animated	O
short	O
The	O
Bored	O
Room	O
in	O
July	O
1990	O
when	O
,	O
to	O
meet	O
an	O
unrealistic	O
deadline	O
,	O
a	O
room	O
filled	O
with	O
Compaq	O
386	O
computers	O
was	O
configured	O
to	O
do	O
the	O
rendering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Autodesk	O
technician	O
assigned	O
to	O
manage	O
this	O
early	O
render	B-Operating_System
farm	I-Operating_System
(	O
Jamie	O
Clay	O
)	O
had	O
a	O
regular	O
habit	O
of	O
wearing	O
farmer	O
's	O
overalls	O
and	O
the	O
product	O
manager	O
for	O
the	O
software	O
(	O
Bob	O
Bennett	O
)	O
joked	O
that	O
what	O
Clay	O
was	O
doing	O
was	O
farming	O
the	O
frames	O
and	O
at	O
that	O
moment	O
he	O
named	O
the	O
collection	O
of	O
computers	O
a	O
render	B-Operating_System
farm	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
second	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
software	O
,	O
Autodesk	O
introduced	O
network	B-Operating_System
rendering	I-Operating_System
,	O
making	O
the	O
task	O
of	O
running	O
a	O
render	B-Operating_System
farm	I-Operating_System
significantly	O
easier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
render	B-Operating_System
farm	I-Operating_System
is	O
different	O
from	O
a	O
render	B-Operating_System
wall	I-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
networked	O
,	O
tiled	O
display	O
used	O
for	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
rendering	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
rendering	O
of	O
images	O
is	O
a	O
highly	O
parallelizable	B-Operating_System
activity	O
,	O
as	O
frames	O
and	O
sometimes	O
tiles	O
can	O
be	O
calculated	O
independently	O
of	O
the	O
others	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
main	O
communication	O
between	O
processors	B-General_Concept
being	O
the	O
upload	O
of	O
the	O
initial	O
source	O
material	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
models	O
and	O
textures	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
download	O
of	O
the	O
finished	O
images	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Project	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Big	B-Operating_System
and	I-Operating_System
Ugly	I-Operating_System
Rendering	I-Operating_System
Project	I-Operating_System
have	O
been	O
available	O
for	O
rendering	O
images	O
using	O
Blender	B-Application
across	O
both	O
widely	O
distributed	O
networks	O
and	O
local	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
manage	O
large	O
farms	O
,	O
a	O
queue	O
manager	O
is	O
required	O
that	O
automatically	O
distributes	O
processes	O
to	O
the	O
many	O
processors	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
software	O
is	O
typically	O
a	O
client	B-Operating_System
–	I-Operating_System
server	I-Operating_System
package	O
that	O
facilitates	O
communication	O
between	O
the	O
processors	B-General_Concept
and	O
the	O
queue	O
manager	O
,	O
although	O
some	O
queues	O
have	O
no	O
central	O
manager	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
common	O
features	O
of	O
queue	O
managers	O
are	O
:	O
re-prioritization	O
of	O
the	O
queue	O
,	O
management	O
of	O
software	O
licenses	O
,	O
and	O
algorithms	O
to	O
best	O
optimize	O
throughput	O
based	O
on	O
various	O
types	O
of	O
hardware	B-Architecture
in	O
the	O
farm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
tongue-in-cheek	O
job	O
title	O
for	O
systems	O
engineers	O
who	O
work	O
primarily	O
in	O
the	O
maintenance	O
and	O
monitoring	O
of	O
a	O
render	B-Operating_System
farm	I-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
render	B-Operating_System
wrangler	I-Operating_System
to	O
further	O
the	O
"	O
farm	O
"	O
theme	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Beyond	O
on-site	O
render	B-Operating_System
farms	I-Operating_System
,	O
cloud-based	O
render	B-Operating_System
farm	I-Operating_System
options	O
have	O
been	O
facilitated	O
by	O
the	O
rise	O
of	O
high-speed	O
Internet	O
access	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
cloud	O
computing	O
services	O
,	O
including	O
some	O
dedicated	O
to	O
rendering	O
,	O
offer	O
to	O
render	B-Operating_System
farm	I-Operating_System
services	O
that	O
bill	O
only	O
for	O
processor	O
time	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Understanding	O
the	O
cost	O
or	O
processing	O
time	O
required	O
to	O
complete	O
rendering	O
is	O
unpredictable	O
so	O
render	B-Operating_System
farms	I-Operating_System
bills	O
using	O
GHz	O
per	O
hour	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
cloud	O
rendering	B-Operating_System
farms	I-Operating_System
have	O
been	O
developed	O
over	O
a	O
long	O
period	O
of	O
time	O
and	O
are	O
TPN	O
certified	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
relatively	O
authoritative	O
certification	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
security	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
