<s>
Remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
refers	O
to	O
any	O
method	O
of	O
controlling	O
a	O
computer	O
from	O
a	O
remote	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Software	O
that	O
allows	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
is	O
becoming	O
increasingly	O
common	O
and	O
is	O
often	O
used	O
when	O
it	B-General_Concept
is	O
difficult	O
or	O
impractical	O
to	O
be	O
physically	O
near	O
a	O
system	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
use	O
it	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	B-General_Concept
may	O
also	O
refer	O
to	O
both	O
legal	O
and	O
illegal	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
hacking	O
)	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
(	O
see	O
Owned	O
and	O
Trojan	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Any	O
computer	O
with	O
an	O
Internet	O
connection	O
,	O
TCP/IP	O
or	O
on	O
a	O
Local	B-General_Concept
Area	I-General_Concept
Network	I-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
remotely	O
administered	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Usually	O
,	O
both	O
systems	O
should	O
be	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
internet	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
IP	B-Protocol
address	I-Protocol
of	O
the	O
host/server	O
system	O
must	O
be	O
known	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
is	O
therefore	O
less	O
practical	O
if	O
the	O
host	O
uses	O
a	O
dial-up	B-Application
modem	I-Application
,	O
which	O
is	O
not	O
constantly	O
online	O
and	O
often	O
has	O
a	O
Dynamic	O
IP	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
client	O
may	O
then	O
control	O
the	O
host	O
as	O
if	O
he/she	O
were	O
sitting	O
right	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
it	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	O
has	O
a	O
built-in	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
package	O
called	O
Remote	B-Protocol
Desktop	I-Protocol
Connection	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
free	O
cross-platform	O
alternative	O
is	O
VNC	B-Protocol
,	O
which	O
offers	O
similar	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
Server	I-Application
2003	I-Application
,	O
2008	B-Device
,	O
Tablet	B-Device
PC	I-Device
Editions	O
,	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
Ultimate	O
,	O
Enterprise	O
and	O
Business	O
editions	O
come	O
with	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Management	I-Application
Console	I-Application
,	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Registry	I-Protocol
Editor	O
and	O
various	O
command-line	B-Application
utilities	I-Application
that	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
administrate	O
a	O
remote	O
machine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
form	O
of	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
is	O
remote	B-Protocol
desktop	I-Protocol
software	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
Windows	O
includes	O
a	O
Remote	B-Protocol
Desktop	I-Protocol
Connection	I-Protocol
client	O
for	O
this	O
purpose	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
comes	O
with	O
a	O
built-in	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
tools	I-Protocol
called	O
Remote	O
Assistance	O
and	O
Remote	B-Protocol
Desktop	I-Protocol
,	O
these	O
are	O
restricted	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Server	I-Application
2003	I-Application
Terminal	B-Protocol
Services	I-Protocol
meant	O
only	O
for	O
helping	O
users	O
and	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
a	O
simple	O
hack/patch	O
(	O
derived	O
from	O
the	O
beta	O
version	O
of	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
)	O
it	B-General_Concept
's	O
possible	O
to	O
"	O
unlock	O
"	O
XP	B-Application
to	O
a	O
fully	O
featured	O
Terminal	O
Server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
Server	I-Application
2003	I-Application
comes	O
with	O
built-in	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
tools	I-Protocol
,	O
including	O
a	O
web	B-Application
application	I-Application
and	O
a	O
simplified	O
version	O
of	O
Terminal	B-Protocol
Services	I-Protocol
designed	O
for	O
Remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Active	B-Protocol
Directory	I-Protocol
and	O
other	O
features	O
found	O
in	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
Windows	B-Device
NT	I-Device
Domains	B-General_Concept
allow	O
for	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
of	O
computers	O
that	O
are	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
domain	O
,	O
including	O
editing	O
the	O
Registry	B-Protocol
and	O
modifying	O
system	O
services	O
and	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
system	O
's	O
"	O
Computer	B-Application
Management	I-Application
"	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Management	I-Application
Console	I-Application
snap-in	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
third-party	O
remote	B-Protocol
desktop	I-Protocol
software	I-Protocol
programs	O
perform	O
the	O
same	O
job	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Back	B-Protocol
Orifice	I-Protocol
,	O
whilst	O
commonly	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
script	O
kiddie	O
tool	O
,	O
claims	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
remote-administration	O
and	O
system	O
management	O
tool	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
VNC	B-Protocol
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
of	O
computers	O
,	O
however	O
it	B-General_Concept
is	O
increasingly	O
being	O
used	O
as	O
an	O
equivalent	O
of	O
Terminal	B-Protocol
Services	I-Protocol
and	O
Remote	B-Protocol
Desktop	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
for	O
multi-user	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linux	B-Application
,	O
UNIX	B-Application
and	O
BSD	B-Operating_System
support	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
via	O
remote	B-Protocol
login	I-Protocol
,	O
typically	O
via	O
SSH	B-Protocol
(	O
The	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
Telnet	B-Protocol
protocol	O
has	O
been	O
phased	O
out	O
due	O
to	O
security	O
concerns	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X-server	B-Operating_System
connection	O
forwarding	O
,	O
often	O
tunneled	O
over	O
SSH	B-Protocol
for	O
security	O
,	O
allows	O
GUI	B-Application
programs	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
remotely	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
VNC	B-Protocol
is	O
also	O
available	O
for	O
these	O
operating	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	B-Operating_System
Remote	I-Operating_System
Desktop	I-Operating_System
provides	O
Macintosh	B-Device
users	O
with	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NX	B-Application
and	O
its	O
Google	O
fork	O
Neatx	B-Application
are	O
free	O
graphical	O
Desktop	O
sharing	O
solutions	O
for	O
the	O
X	B-Operating_System
Window	I-Operating_System
System	I-Operating_System
with	O
Clients	O
for	O
different	O
platforms	O
like	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
Windows	O
and	O
Mac	O
OS	O
X	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
also	O
an	O
enhanced	O
commercial	O
version	O
of	O
NX	B-Application
Server	I-Application
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
software	I-Protocol
has	O
recently	O
started	O
to	O
appear	O
on	O
wireless	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
BlackBerry	B-Operating_System
,	O
Pocket	B-Device
PC	I-Device
,	O
and	O
Palm	B-Device
devices	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
some	O
mobile	O
phones	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Generally	O
these	O
solutions	O
do	O
not	O
provide	O
the	O
full	O
remote	O
access	O
seen	O
on	O
software	O
such	O
as	O
VNC	B-Protocol
or	O
Terminal	B-Protocol
Services	I-Protocol
,	O
but	O
do	O
allow	O
administrators	B-Application
to	O
perform	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
tasks	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
rebooting	B-Device
computers	O
,	O
resetting	O
passwords	O
,	O
and	O
viewing	O
system	O
event	O
logs	O
,	O
thus	O
reducing	O
or	O
even	O
eliminating	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
system	B-Application
administrators	I-Application
to	O
carry	O
a	O
laptop	B-Device
or	O
be	O
within	O
reach	O
of	O
the	O
office	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wireless	O
remote	B-Protocol
administration	I-Protocol
is	O
usually	O
the	O
only	O
method	O
to	O
maintain	O
man-made	O
objects	O
in	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
