<s>
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
is	O
an	O
initiative	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
standard	O
for	O
asynchronous	O
stream	B-Application
processing	I-Application
with	O
non-blocking	B-Architecture
back	O
pressure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
started	O
as	O
an	O
initiative	O
in	O
late	O
2013	O
between	O
engineers	O
at	O
Netflix	O
,	O
Pivotal	O
and	O
Lightbend	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
the	O
earliest	O
discussions	O
began	O
in	O
2013	O
between	O
the	O
Play	B-Language
and	O
Akka	B-Language
teams	O
at	O
Lightbend	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lightbend	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
contributors	O
of	O
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
contributors	O
include	O
Red	O
Hat	O
,	O
Oracle	B-Application
,	O
Twitter	B-Application
and	O
spray.io	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
goal	O
of	O
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
is	O
to	O
govern	O
the	O
exchange	O
of	O
stream	O
data	O
across	O
an	O
asynchronous	O
boundary	O
like	O
passing	O
elements	O
on	O
to	O
another	O
thread	B-Operating_System
or	O
thread-pool	B-Operating_System
while	O
ensuring	O
that	O
the	O
receiving	O
side	O
is	O
not	O
forced	O
to	O
buffer	B-General_Concept
arbitrary	O
amounts	O
of	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
other	O
words	O
,	O
back	O
pressure	O
is	O
an	O
integral	O
part	O
of	O
this	O
model	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
allow	O
the	O
queues	B-Operating_System
which	O
mediate	O
between	O
threads	B-Operating_System
to	O
be	O
bounded	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
intention	O
of	O
the	O
specification	B-Application
is	O
to	O
allow	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
many	O
conforming	O
implementations	O
,	O
which	O
by	O
virtue	O
of	O
abiding	O
by	O
the	O
rules	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
interoperate	O
smoothly	O
,	O
preserving	O
the	O
mentioned	O
benefits	O
and	O
characteristics	O
across	O
the	O
whole	O
processing	O
graph	O
of	O
a	O
stream	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
freely-available	O
Technology	B-Language
Compatibility	I-Language
Kit	I-Language
was	O
developed	O
alongside	O
the	O
specification	B-Application
that	O
allows	O
implementors	O
of	O
the	O
specification	B-Application
to	O
verify	O
if	O
they	O
covered	O
all	O
rules	O
and	O
requirements	O
,	O
including	O
checks	O
for	O
potential	O
race	O
conditions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
scope	O
of	O
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
is	O
a	O
minimal	O
set	O
of	O
interfaces	B-Application
,	O
methods	O
and	O
protocols	O
that	O
describe	O
the	O
necessary	O
operations	O
and	O
entities	O
to	O
achieve	O
the	O
asynchronous	O
streams	O
of	O
data	O
with	O
non-blocking	B-Architecture
back	O
pressure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
End-user	O
DSLs	B-Language
or	O
protocol	O
binding	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
have	O
purposefully	O
been	O
left	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
scope	O
to	O
encourage	O
and	O
enable	O
different	O
implementations	O
that	O
potentially	O
use	O
different	O
programming	O
languages	O
to	O
stay	O
as	O
true	O
as	O
possible	O
to	O
the	O
idioms	O
of	O
their	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
specification	B-Application
developed	O
with	O
the	O
intent	O
of	O
future	O
inclusion	O
in	O
the	O
official	O
Java	B-Device
standard	O
library	O
,	O
if	O
proven	O
successful	O
and	O
adopted	O
by	O
enough	O
libraries	O
and	O
vendors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
were	O
proposed	O
to	O
become	O
part	O
of	O
Java	B-Device
9	O
by	O
Doug	O
Lea	O
,	O
leader	O
of	O
JSR	B-Language
166	I-Language
as	O
a	O
new	O
Flow	O
class	O
that	O
would	O
include	O
the	O
interfaces	B-Application
currently	O
provided	O
by	O
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
a	O
successful	O
1.0	O
release	O
of	O
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
and	O
growing	O
adoption	O
,	O
the	O
proposal	O
was	O
accepted	O
and	O
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
was	O
included	O
in	O
JDK9	B-Device
via	O
the	O
JEP-266	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
30	O
,	O
2015	O
version	O
1.0.0	O
of	O
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
for	O
the	O
JVM	B-Language
was	O
released	O
,	O
including	O
Java	B-Language
API	I-Language
,	O
a	O
textual	O
specification	B-Application
,	O
a	O
TCK	B-Language
and	O
implementation	O
examples	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
comes	O
with	O
a	O
multitude	O
of	O
compliant	O
implementations	O
verified	O
by	O
the	O
TCK	B-Language
for	O
1.0.0	O
,	O
listed	O
in	O
alphabetical	O
order	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
implementations	O
include	O
Cassandra	B-Application
,	O
Elasticsearch	B-Application
,	O
Apache	B-Language
Kafka	I-Language
,	O
Parallel	O
Universe	O
Quasar	O
,	O
Play	B-Language
Framework	I-Language
,	O
Armeria	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spring	B-Application
5	I-Application
is	O
announced	O
to	O
be	O
built	O
upon	O
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
compatible	O
Reactor	O
Core	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	O
announced	O
that	O
its	O
Amazon	B-Application
Web	I-Application
Services	I-Application
SDK	O
would	O
support	O
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
to	O
provide	O
streaming	O
capabilities	O
in	O
its	O
client	O
libraries	O
in	O
version	O
2.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reactive	B-Language
Streams	I-Language
1.0.1	O
is	O
released	O
on	O
August	O
9	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
including	O
various	O
improvements	O
in	O
specification	B-Application
preciseness	O
,	O
TCK	B-Language
improvements	O
and	O
other	O
clarifications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
specification	B-Application
as	O
well	O
as	O
interfaces	B-Application
remained	O
fully	O
backwards	O
compatible	O
with	O
the	O
1.0.0	O
version	O
,	O
however	O
aimed	O
to	O
streamline	O
the	O
adoption	O
for	O
future	O
implementors	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
align	O
with	O
some	O
additional	O
requirements	O
set	O
by	O
the	O
OpenJDK	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
direct	O
port	O
of	O
the	O
specification	B-Application
,	O
interfaces	B-Application
and	O
TCK	B-Language
was	O
made	O
available	O
under	O
the	O
same	O
working	O
group	O
for	O
the	O
.NET	B-Application
platform	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
Elixir	B-Language
language	O
introduced	O
its	O
streaming	O
API	B-General_Concept
called	O
GenStage	O
,	O
the	O
authors	O
extended	O
a	O
thanks	O
"[to]	O
akka-streams	O
and	O
reactive-streams	O
projects	O
which	O
provided	O
us	O
guidance	O
in	O
implementing	O
the	O
demand-driven	O
exchange	O
between	O
stages	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
