<s>
RailTopoModel	B-Application
is	O
a	O
systemic	O
data	B-Application
model	I-Application
for	O
describing	O
the	O
topology-based	O
railway	O
infrastructure	O
as	O
needed	O
by	O
various	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
RailTopoModel	B-Application
has	O
been	O
initially	O
developed	O
under	O
patronage	O
of	O
the	O
International	O
Union	O
of	O
Railways	O
(	O
UIC	O
)	O
and	O
was	O
released	O
as	O
International	O
Railway	O
Standard	O
(	O
IRS	O
)	O
30100	O
in	O
April	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	B-General_Concept
has	O
been	O
described	O
as	O
a	O
common	B-Application
data	I-Application
model	I-Application
for	O
the	O
railway	O
sector	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RailTopoModel	B-Application
is	O
currently	O
continued	O
by	O
UIC	O
as	O
RailSystemModel	O
,	O
a	O
re-branding	O
resulting	O
from	O
the	O
extension	O
of	O
its	O
scope	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
purpose	O
of	O
RailTopoModel	B-Application
is	O
to	O
define	O
a	O
general	O
,	O
standard	O
model	O
for	O
railway	O
infrastructure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
RailTopoModel	B-Application
is	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
ERIM	O
project	O
(	O
abbreviation	O
for	O
European	O
Rail	O
Infrastructure	O
Modelling	O
,	O
previously	O
referred	O
as	O
European	O
Rail	O
Infrastructure	O
Masterplan	O
)	O
within	O
UIC	O
that	O
aimed	O
at	O
standardized	O
data	O
representation	O
and	O
exchange	O
concerning	O
railway	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
,	O
starting	O
from	O
the	O
assessment	O
of	O
a	O
small	O
group	O
of	O
Railway	O
infrastructure	O
managers	O
about	O
limitation	O
of	O
current	O
exchange	O
formats	O
for	O
ETCS	O
,	O
RINF	O
,	O
Inspire	O
,	O
and	O
European	O
projects	O
based	O
on	O
network	B-Architecture
topology	I-Architecture
,	O
the	O
UIC	O
ERIM	O
feasibility	O
study	O
was	O
launched	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
working	O
group	O
was	O
to	O
qualify	O
the	O
business	O
needs	O
,	O
analyze	O
the	O
existing	O
solutions	O
and	O
experiences	O
,	O
and	O
propose	O
a	O
project	O
plan	O
to	O
build	O
a	O
universal	O
“	O
language	O
”	O
to	O
improve	O
the	O
railway	O
data	O
exchange	O
,	O
and	O
support	O
the	O
design	O
of	O
an	O
infrastructure	O
data	O
exchange	O
format	O
based	O
on	O
topology	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Based	O
on	O
this	O
study	O
a	O
topology	B-Architecture
model	O
,	O
the	O
‘	O
UIC	O
RailTopoModel’	O
,	O
was	O
developed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
‘	O
UIC	O
RailTopoModel’	O
was	O
released	O
as	O
an	O
UIC	O
recommendation	O
called	O
International	O
Railway	O
Standard	O
(	O
IRS	O
30100	O
)	O
in	O
spring	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
railML.org,	O
a	O
European	O
open	O
source	O
initiative	O
providing	O
a	O
standard	O
for	O
data	O
exchange	O
in	O
railway	O
networks	O
since	O
2001	O
,	O
has	O
offered	O
the	O
first	O
use	O
case	O
for	O
RailTopoModel	B-Application
through	O
a	O
new	O
version	O
of	O
its	O
infrastructure	O
schema	O
,	O
railML3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Under	O
the	O
leadership	O
of	O
railML.org	O
the	O
RailTopoModel	B-Application
was	O
continued	O
to	O
be	O
developed	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
publishing	O
of	O
RailTopoModel	B-Application
1.2	O
in	O
2018	O
and	O
RailTopoModel	B-Application
1.4	O
in	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RailTopoModel	B-Application
is	O
based	O
on	O
and	O
it	B-General_Concept
is	O
defined	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
UML	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Referencing	B-General_Concept
—	O
defining	O
standards	O
for	O
addressing	O
locations	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
backbone	O
of	O
referencing	B-General_Concept
in	O
RailTopoModel	B-Application
is	O
a	O
linear	O
referencing	B-General_Concept
system	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Topology	B-Architecture
—	O
expressing	O
the	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
elements	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Business	O
—	O
allowing	O
to	O
project	O
objects	O
and	O
events	O
onto	O
the	O
topology	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
railML	O
:	O
the	O
topology	B-Architecture
core	O
of	O
railML	O
's	O
scheme	O
version	O
3	O
will	O
be	O
defined	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
RailTopoModel	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ariane	O
model	O
as	O
foundation	O
of	O
all	O
SNCF	O
Réseau	O
IT	B-General_Concept
projects	I-General_Concept
:	O
the	O
definition	O
of	O
Ariane	O
model	O
at	O
SNCF	O
Réseau	O
employs	O
the	O
same	O
concept	O
:	O
it	B-General_Concept
combines	O
a	O
connexity	O
graph	O
(	O
for	O
the	O
topology	B-Architecture
of	O
the	O
network	O
)	O
with	O
an	O
object	O
approach	O
to	O
define	O
a	O
systemic	O
model	O
of	O
the	O
railway	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Moreover	O
,	O
it	B-General_Concept
allows	O
for	O
an	O
evolutive	O
and	O
understanding	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Eulynx	O
,	O
a	O
European	O
initiative	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
signalling	O
,	O
uses	O
RailSystemModel	O
to	O
provide	O
its	O
with	O
quantities	O
,	O
units	O
,	O
and	O
general	O
patterns	O
for	O
observations	O
and	O
measurements	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
network	B-Architecture
topology	I-Architecture
,	O
geographic	O
positioning	O
,	O
localisation	O
of	O
entities	O
on	O
the	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
