<s>
The	O
R200	B-Device
is	O
the	O
second	O
generation	O
of	O
GPUs	O
used	O
in	O
Radeon	B-Device
graphics	O
cards	O
and	O
developed	O
by	O
ATI	O
Technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
GPU	O
features	O
3D	O
acceleration	O
based	O
upon	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Direct3D	I-Application
8.1	O
and	O
OpenGL	B-Application
1.3	I-Application
,	O
a	O
major	O
improvement	O
in	O
features	O
and	O
performance	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
preceding	O
Radeon	B-Device
R100	I-Device
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
R200	B-Device
"	O
refers	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
codename	O
of	O
the	O
initially	O
released	O
GPU	O
of	O
the	O
generation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
R200	B-Device
's	O
3D	O
hardware	O
consists	O
of	O
4	O
pixel	O
pipelines	O
,	O
each	O
with	O
2	O
texture	O
sampling	O
units	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
2	O
vertex	O
shader	O
units	O
and	O
a	O
legacy	O
Direct3D	B-Application
7	O
TCL	B-Algorithm
unit	O
,	O
marketed	O
as	O
Charisma	O
Engine	O
II	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
ATI	O
's	O
first	O
GPU	O
with	O
programmable	O
pixel	O
and	O
vertex	O
processors	O
,	O
called	O
Pixel	O
Tapestry	O
II	O
and	O
compliant	O
with	O
Direct3D	B-Application
8.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
R200	B-Device
has	O
advanced	O
memory	O
bandwidth	O
saving	O
and	O
overdraw	O
reduction	O
hardware	O
called	O
HyperZ	O
II	O
that	O
consists	O
of	O
occlusion	O
culling	O
(	O
hierarchical	O
Z	O
)	O
,	O
fast	O
z-buffer	O
clear	O
,	O
and	O
z-buffer	O
compression	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GPU	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
dual	O
display	O
output	O
(	O
HydraVision	O
)	O
and	O
is	O
equipped	O
with	O
a	O
video	O
decoding	O
engine	O
(	O
Video	B-Device
Immersion	I-Device
II	I-Device
)	O
with	O
adaptive	O
hardware	O
deinterlacing	O
,	O
temporal	O
filtering	O
,	O
motion	B-Algorithm
compensation	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
iDCT	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
R200	B-Device
introduced	O
pixel	O
shader	O
version	O
1.4	O
(	O
PS1.4	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
significant	O
enhancement	O
to	O
prior	O
PS1.x	O
specifications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compared	O
to	O
R100	O
's	O
2x3	O
pixel	O
pipeline	O
architecture	O
,	O
R200	B-Device
's	O
4x2	O
design	O
is	O
more	O
robust	O
despite	O
losing	O
one	O
texture	O
unit	O
per	O
pipeline	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
texture	O
filtering	O
capabilities	O
of	O
R200	B-Device
are	O
also	O
improved	O
over	O
its	O
predecessor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
anisotropic	O
filtering	O
,	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
uses	O
a	O
technique	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
used	O
in	O
R100	O
,	O
but	O
improved	O
with	O
trilinear	O
filtering	O
and	O
some	O
other	O
refinements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
R200	B-Device
has	O
ATI	O
's	O
first	O
implementation	O
of	O
a	O
hardware-accelerated	O
tessellation	B-Algorithm
engine	O
(	O
a.k.a.	O
</s>
<s>
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
's	O
biggest	O
initial	O
disappointment	O
was	O
its	O
early	O
driver	O
releases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
chip	O
's	O
anti-aliasing	B-Algorithm
support	O
was	O
only	O
functional	O
in	O
Direct3D	B-Application
and	O
was	O
very	O
slow	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
dampen	O
excitement	O
for	O
8500	O
,	O
competitor	O
nVidia	O
released	O
their	O
Detonator4	O
driver	O
package	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
day	O
as	O
most	O
web	O
sites	O
previewed	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
.	O
nVidia	O
's	O
drivers	O
were	O
of	O
better	O
quality	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
also	O
further	O
boosted	O
the	O
GeForce3	O
's	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
hardware	O
review	O
sites	O
noted	O
anomalies	O
in	O
actual	O
game	O
tests	O
with	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
ATI	O
was	O
detecting	O
the	O
executable	O
"	O
Quake3.exe	B-Application
"	O
and	O
forcing	O
the	O
texture	O
filtering	O
quality	O
to	O
a	O
much	O
lower	O
level	O
than	O
normally	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
card	O
,	O
presumably	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
improve	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
even	O
with	O
the	O
Detonator4	O
drivers	O
,	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
was	O
able	O
to	O
outperform	O
the	O
GeForce3	O
(	O
which	O
the	O
8500	O
was	O
intended	O
to	O
compete	O
against	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
some	O
circumstances	O
its	O
faster	O
revision	O
,	O
the	O
Ti500	O
,	O
the	O
higher	O
clocked	O
derivative	O
Nvidia	O
had	O
rolled	O
out	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
R200	B-Device
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
the	O
GeForce3	O
Ti200	O
did	O
become	O
the	O
first	O
DirectX	B-Application
8.0	I-Application
card	O
to	O
offer	O
128	O
MB	O
of	O
video	O
memory	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
common	O
64MB	O
norm	O
for	O
high-end	O
cards	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
it	O
turned	O
out	O
that	O
the	O
GeForce3	O
's	O
limitations	O
prevented	O
it	O
from	O
taking	O
full	O
advantage	O
of	O
it	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
was	O
able	O
to	O
more	O
successfully	O
exploit	O
that	O
potential	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
the	O
GeForce4	O
Ti4600	O
took	O
the	O
performance	O
crown	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
top	O
line	O
solution	O
that	O
was	O
priced	O
almost	O
double	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
(	O
MSRP	O
of	O
$350	O
–	O
399	O
versus	O
US$199	O
)	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
did	O
n't	O
offer	O
direct	O
competition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
delayed	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
potentially	O
competitive	O
GeForce4	O
Ti4200	O
,	O
plus	O
ATI	O
's	O
initiative	O
in	O
rolling	O
out	O
128MB	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
8500/LE	O
kept	O
the	O
R200	B-Device
line	O
popular	O
among	O
the	O
mid-high	O
performance	O
niche	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
greater	O
features	O
of	O
the	O
All-In-Wonder	O
(	O
AIW	O
)	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
DV	O
and	O
the	O
AIW	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
128	O
MB	O
proved	O
superior	O
to	O
Nvidia	O
's	O
Personal	O
Cinema	O
equivalents	O
which	O
used	O
the	O
faster	O
GeForce	O
3	O
Ti500	O
and	O
GeForce4	O
Ti4200	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Over	O
the	O
years	O
the	O
dominant	O
market	O
position	O
of	O
GeForce	O
3/4	O
meant	O
that	O
not	O
many	O
games	O
targeted	O
the	O
superior	O
DX8.1	O
PS	O
1.4	O
feature	O
level	O
of	O
the	O
R200	B-Device
,	O
but	O
those	O
that	O
did	O
could	O
see	O
significant	O
performance	O
gains	O
over	O
DX8	O
,	O
as	O
certain	O
operations	O
could	O
be	O
processed	O
in	O
one	O
instead	O
of	O
multiple	O
passes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
these	O
cases	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
may	O
even	O
compete	O
with	O
the	O
newer	O
GeForce4	O
series	O
running	O
a	O
DX8	O
codepath	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
example	O
for	O
such	O
a	O
game	O
with	O
multiple	O
codepaths	O
is	O
Half-Life	B-Application
2	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
came	O
with	O
support	O
for	O
TruForm	O
,	O
an	O
early	O
implementation	O
of	O
Tessellation	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATI	O
's	O
first	O
R200-based	O
card	O
was	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
,	O
launched	O
in	O
October	O
2001	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
dec	O
.	O
2001	O
,	O
ATI	O
launched	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
LE	O
(	O
re-released	O
later	O
as	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
9100	I-Device
)	O
,	O
an	O
identical	O
chip	O
with	O
a	O
lower	O
clock	O
speed	O
and	O
slower	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
video	O
cards	O
were	O
first	O
released	O
in	O
64	O
MB	O
DDR	O
SDRAM	O
configurations	O
;	O
the	O
later	O
128	O
MB	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
boards	O
received	O
a	O
small	O
performance	O
boost	O
resulting	O
from	O
a	O
memory	O
interleave	B-General_Concept
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2001	O
was	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
All-In-Wonder	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
DV	O
,	O
with	O
64	O
MB	O
and	O
a	O
slower	O
clock	O
speed	O
like	O
the	O
8500	O
LE	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2002	O
,	O
three	O
128	O
MB	O
cards	O
were	O
rolled	O
out	O
,	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
,	O
8500	O
LE	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
All-In-Wonder	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
128	O
MB	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
clocked	O
at	O
full	O
8500	O
speeds	O
but	O
had	O
fewer	O
video-related	O
features	O
than	O
the	O
AIW	O
8500	O
DV	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATI	O
claimed	O
that	O
the	O
lower	O
clock	O
speed	O
for	O
the	O
8500DV	O
was	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
FireWire	B-Protocol
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
late	O
2002	O
,	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
9100	I-Device
was	O
announced	O
to	O
satisfy	O
strong	O
market	O
demand	O
for	O
products	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
R200	B-Device
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
updated	O
chip	O
,	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
XT	O
(	O
R250	O
)	O
was	O
planned	O
for	O
a	O
mid-2002	O
release	O
,	O
to	O
compete	O
against	O
the	O
GeForce4	O
Ti	O
line	O
,	O
particularly	O
the	O
top	O
line	O
Ti4600	O
(	O
which	O
retailed	O
for	O
an	O
MSRP	O
of	O
$350	O
–	O
399	O
USD	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
running	O
at	O
300MHz	O
clock	O
speeds	O
would	O
have	O
hardly	O
defeated	O
the	O
GeForce4	O
Ti4600	O
,	O
let	O
alone	O
a	O
newer	O
card	O
from	O
NVIDIA	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
best	O
it	O
could	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
better	O
performing	O
mid-range	O
solution	O
than	O
the	O
lower-complexity	O
Radeon	B-Device
9000	I-Device
(	O
RV250	O
,	O
see	O
below	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
would	O
also	O
have	O
cost	O
more	O
to	O
produce	O
and	O
would	O
have	O
been	O
poorly	O
suited	O
to	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
9000	I-Device
's	O
dual	O
laptop/desktop	O
roles	O
due	O
to	O
die	O
size	O
and	O
power	O
draw	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Notably	O
,	O
overclockers	O
found	O
that	O
Radeon	B-Device
8500	I-Device
and	O
Radeon	B-Device
9000	I-Device
could	O
not	O
reliably	O
overclock	O
to	O
300MHz	O
without	O
additional	O
voltage	O
,	O
so	O
undoubtedly	O
R250	O
would	O
have	O
had	O
similar	O
issues	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
greater	O
complexity	O
and	O
equivalent	O
manufacturing	O
technology	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
would	O
have	O
resulted	O
in	O
poor	O
chip	O
yields	O
,	O
and	O
thus	O
,	O
higher	O
costs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATI	O
,	O
perhaps	O
mindful	O
of	O
what	O
had	O
happened	O
to	O
3dfx	O
when	O
they	O
took	O
focus	O
off	O
their	O
"	O
Rampage	O
"	O
processor	O
,	O
abandoned	O
the	O
R250	O
refresh	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
finishing	O
off	O
their	O
next-generation	O
DirectX	B-Application
9.0	I-Application
card	O
which	O
was	O
released	O
as	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
9700	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
new	O
Radeon	B-Device
9700	I-Device
flagship	O
,	O
with	O
its	O
next-generation	O
architecture	O
giving	O
it	O
unprecedented	O
features	O
and	O
performance	O
,	O
would	O
have	O
been	O
superior	O
to	O
any	O
R250	O
refresh	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
easily	O
took	O
the	O
performance	O
crown	O
from	O
the	O
Ti4600	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Radeon	B-Device
9000	I-Device
(	O
RV250	O
)	O
was	O
launched	O
alongside	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
9700	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
9000	O
succeeded	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
7500	I-Device
(	O
RV200	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
mainstream	O
market	O
segment	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
latter	O
being	O
moved	O
to	O
the	O
budget	O
segment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
chip	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
redesign	O
of	O
R200	B-Device
to	O
reduce	O
cost	O
and	O
power	O
usage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Among	O
hardware	O
removed	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
texture	B-General_Concept
units	I-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
"	O
TruForm	O
"	O
function	O
,	O
Hierarchical-Z	O
,	O
the	O
DirectX	B-Application
7	I-Application
TCL	B-Algorithm
unit	O
and	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
vertex	O
shaders	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
games	O
,	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
9000	I-Device
performs	O
similarly	O
to	O
the	O
GeForce4	O
MX	O
440	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
main	O
advantage	O
over	O
the	O
MX	O
440	O
was	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
a	O
full	O
DirectX	B-Application
8.1	I-Application
vertex	O
and	O
pixel	O
shader	O
implementation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
later	O
revision	O
of	O
the	O
9000	O
was	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
9200	I-Device
(	O
RV280	O
)	O
released	O
April	O
16	O
,	O
2003	O
,	O
which	O
aside	O
from	O
supporting	O
AGP	B-Architecture
8X	O
,	O
was	O
identical	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
board	O
,	O
called	O
the	O
Radeon	B-Device
9250	I-Device
was	O
launched	O
in	O
July	O
2004	O
,	O
being	O
simply	O
a	O
slightly	O
lower-clocked	O
RV280	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ATI	O
had	O
re-branded	O
its	O
products	O
in	O
2001	O
,	O
intending	O
the	O
7xxx	O
series	O
to	O
indicate	O
DirectX	B-Application
7.0	I-Application
capabilities	O
,	O
8xxx	O
for	O
DirectX	B-Application
8.1	I-Application
,	O
and	O
so	O
on	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
in	O
naming	O
the	O
Radeon	O
9000/9200	O
,	O
which	O
only	O
had	O
DirectX	B-Application
8.1	I-Application
rendering	O
features	O
,	O
ATI	O
advertised	O
them	O
as	O
"	O
DirectX	B-Application
9.0	I-Application
compatible	O
"	O
while	O
the	O
truly	O
DirectX	O
9.0-spec	O
Radeon	B-Device
9700	I-Device
was	O
"	O
DirectX	B-Application
9.0	I-Application
compliant	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mobility	B-Device
Radeon	I-Device
9000	O
was	O
launched	O
in	O
early	O
summer	O
2002	O
and	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
DirectX	B-Application
8	I-Application
laptop	O
chip	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Mobility	B-Device
Radeon	I-Device
9200	O
later	O
followed	O
as	O
well	O
,	O
derived	O
from	O
the	O
desktop	O
9200	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mobility	B-Device
Radeon	I-Device
9200	O
was	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
many	O
Apple	O
laptops	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
Apple	O
iBook	B-Device
G4	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
drivers	O
from	O
X.org/Mesa	O
support	O
almost	O
all	O
features	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
R200	B-Device
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
are	O
shipped	O
by	O
default	O
on	O
most	O
BSDs	B-Operating_System
and	O
Linux	B-Application
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PowerPC-based	O
Mac	B-Device
mini	I-Device
and	O
iBook	B-Device
G4	I-Device
,	O
which	O
run	O
on	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
,	O
were	O
supplied	O
with	O
Radeon	B-Device
9200	I-Device
GPUs	O
;	O
the	O
final	O
Power	B-Device
Mac	I-Device
G4	I-Device
"	O
Mirrored	O
Drive	O
Door	O
"	O
systems	O
had	O
the	O
9000	O
and	O
9000	O
Pro	O
cards	O
available	O
as	O
a	O
BTO	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
series	O
of	O
Radeon	B-Device
graphics	O
cards	O
is	O
supported	O
by	O
AMD	O
under	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
operating	I-Application
systems	I-Application
including	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
(	O
except	O
x64	B-Operating_System
)	O
,	O
Windows	B-Application
2000	I-Application
,	O
Windows	B-Device
Me	I-Device
,	O
and	O
Windows	B-Device
98	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Driver	O
development	O
for	O
the	O
R200	B-Device
line	O
ended	O
with	O
the	O
Catalyst	O
6.11	O
drivers	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Radeon	B-Device
9250	I-Device
was	O
the	O
final	O
ATI	O
card	O
to	O
officially	O
support	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
9	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
R200	B-Device
series	O
of	O
Radeon	B-Device
graphics	O
cards	O
is	O
supported	O
by	O
the	O
Amiga	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
,	O
Release	O
4	O
and	O
higher	O
.	O
</s>
