<s>
RELX	B-Library
plc	O
(	O
pronounced	O
"	O
Rel-ex	O
"	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
British	O
multinational	O
information	O
and	O
analytics	O
company	O
headquartered	O
in	O
London	O
,	O
England	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
previously	O
known	O
as	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
,	O
and	O
came	O
into	O
being	O
in	O
1993	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
merger	O
of	O
Reed	B-Library
International	I-Library
,	O
a	O
British	O
trade	O
book	O
and	O
magazine	O
publisher	O
,	O
and	O
Elsevier	O
,	O
a	O
Netherlands-based	O
scientific	O
publisher	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
is	O
publicly	O
listed	O
,	O
with	O
shares	O
traded	O
on	O
the	O
London	O
Stock	O
Exchange	O
,	O
Amsterdam	O
Stock	O
Exchange	O
and	O
New	O
York	O
Stock	O
Exchange	O
(	O
ticker	O
symbols	O
:	O
London	O
:	O
REL	O
,	O
Amsterdam	O
:	O
REN	O
,	O
New	O
York	O
:	O
RELX	B-Library
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
previously	O
known	O
as	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
,	O
came	O
into	O
being	O
in	O
1993	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
merger	O
of	O
Reed	B-Library
International	I-Library
,	O
a	O
British	O
trade	O
book	O
and	O
magazine	O
publisher	O
,	O
and	O
Elsevier	O
,	O
a	O
Netherlands-based	O
scientific	O
publisher	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
re-branded	O
itself	O
as	O
RELX	B-Library
in	O
February	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1970	O
,	O
Reed	O
Group	O
merged	O
with	O
the	O
International	O
Publishing	O
Corporation	O
and	O
the	O
company	O
name	O
was	O
changed	O
to	O
Reed	B-Library
International	I-Library
Limited	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
continued	O
to	O
grow	O
by	O
merging	O
with	O
other	O
publishers	O
and	O
produced	O
high	O
quality	O
trade	O
journals	O
as	O
IPC	O
Business	O
Press	O
Ltd	O
and	O
women	O
's	O
and	O
other	O
consumer	O
magazines	O
as	O
IPC	O
magazines	O
Ltd	O
.	O
Reed	O
entered	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
in	O
1977	O
by	O
acquiring	O
Cahners	B-Library
Publications	I-Library
,	O
founded	O
by	O
Norman	O
Cahners	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cahners	B-Library
Publishing	I-Library
,	O
founded	O
by	O
Norman	O
Cahners	O
,	O
was	O
the	O
largest	O
U.S.	O
publisher	O
of	O
trade	O
or	O
business	O
magazines	O
as	O
of	O
his	O
death	O
in	O
1986	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
acquired	O
the	O
company	O
in	O
1977	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Division	O
or	O
subsidiary	O
of	O
RELX	B-Library
Date	O
Acquisition	O
Value	O
Cahners	B-Library
Publishing	I-Library
1986-09	O
Technical	O
Publishing	O
Inc	O
,	O
a	O
publisher	O
of	O
industrial	O
,	O
medical	O
and	O
technology	O
trade	O
magazines	O
,	O
from	O
Dun	O
&	O
Bradstreet	O
$250	O
million	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
1993-08	O
Official	O
Airline	O
Guides	O
Inc	O
,	O
a	O
publisher	O
of	O
airline	O
schedules	O
$425	O
million	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
1994-10	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
,	O
an	O
on-line	O
information	O
business	O
$1.5	O
billion	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
1997-03	O
MDL	O
Information	O
Systems	O
Inc	O
,	O
a	O
US	O
software	O
systems	O
and	O
information	O
database	O
developer	O
$320M	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
1997-06	O
Chilton	O
Business	O
Group	O
,	O
a	O
US	O
business	O
information	O
publishing	O
company	O
$447M	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
1998-04	O
Matthew	B-Library
Bender	I-Library
&	I-Library
Company	I-Library
Inc	O
,	O
a	O
US	O
publisher	O
of	O
legal	O
information	O
$1.65	O
bn	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
2000-10	O
Harcourt	O
,	O
an	O
education	O
publishing	O
business	O
$4.5	O
bn	O
plus	O
debt	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
2004-07	O
Seisint	B-Library
of	O
Boca	O
Raton	O
,	O
Florida	O
,	O
which	O
provided	O
the	O
company	O
with	O
access	O
to	O
HPCC	O
Systems	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
$775M	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
2005-05	O
Medimedia	O
,	O
a	O
medical	O
publisher	O
whose	O
imprints	O
included	O
Medicine	O
Publishing	O
and	O
Masson	O
$270M	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
2008-02	O
Choicepoint	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
been	O
a	O
spinoff	O
of	O
Equifax	O
's	O
Insurance	O
Services	O
Group	O
in	O
August	O
1997	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
$4.1	O
bn	O
Reed	B-Library
Business	I-Library
Information	O
2011-06	O
Ascend	O
,	O
a	O
London-based	O
civil	O
aviation	O
data	O
analytics	O
company	O
Undisclosed	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
2011-11	O
US	O
online-data	O
business	O
Accuity	B-Library
Holdings	O
Inc	O
.	O
from	O
investment	O
firm	O
Investcorp	O
£343M	O
(	O
$530.1	O
M	O
)	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Legal	O
&	O
Professional	O
2012-03	O
Law360	O
,	O
a	O
US-based	O
online	O
provider	O
of	O
legal	O
information	O
and	O
analysis	O
Undisclosed	O
Elsevier	O
2013-04	O
Mendeley	B-Language
,	O
a	O
London-based	O
desktop	O
and	O
web	O
program	O
for	O
managing	O
and	O
sharing	O
research	O
papers	O
,	O
discovering	O
research	O
data	O
and	O
collaborating	O
online	O
Undisclosed	O
but	O
up	O
to	O
$100M	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Risk	O
Solutions	O
2013-09	O
Mapflow	O
,	O
a	O
Dublin-based	O
group	O
that	O
helps	O
insurance	O
companies	O
assess	O
geographic	O
risk	O
,	O
in	O
particular	O
in	O
relation	O
to	O
flooding	O
Undisclosed	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Risk	O
Solutions	O
2014-04	O
Tracesmart	O
,	O
a	O
UK-based	O
provider	O
of	O
tracing	O
,	O
identity	O
verification	O
,	O
fraud	O
prevention	O
and	O
anti-money	O
laundering	O
software	O
Undisclosed	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Risk	O
Solutions	O
2014-05	O
Wunelli	O
,	O
a	O
telematics	O
data	O
business	O
which	O
uses	O
driving	O
data	O
for	O
insurers	O
,	O
enabling	O
them	O
to	O
reduce	O
risk	O
exposure	O
and	O
deliver	O
discounts	O
to	O
safer	O
drivers	O
£25m	O
Accuity	B-Library
2014-09	O
Fircosoft	O
,	O
a	O
Paris-based	O
anti-money	O
laundering	O
company	O
€150M	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Risk	O
Solutions	O
2014-11	O
Health	O
Market	O
Science	O
(	O
HMS	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
supplier	O
of	O
high	O
quality	O
data	O
about	O
US	O
healthcare	O
professionals	O
Undisclosed	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Risk	O
Solutions	O
2015-01	O
BAIR	O
Analytics	O
,	O
a	O
US-based	O
law	O
enforcement	O
data	O
company	O
Undisclosed	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Legal	O
&	O
Professional	O
2015-07	O
MLex	B-Library
,	O
a	O
media	O
organization	O
providing	O
exclusive	O
analysis	O
and	O
commentary	O
on	O
regulatory	O
risk	O
Undisclosed	O
Reed	B-Library
Business	I-Library
Information	O
2015-10	O
Adaptris	O
,	O
a	O
fast-growing	O
supply	O
chain	O
integration	O
business	O
Undisclosed	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Legal	O
&	O
Professional	O
2015-11	O
Lex	O
Machina	O
,	O
a	O
US-based	O
online	O
provider	O
of	O
legal	O
analytics	O
Undisclosed	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Risk	O
Solutions	O
2016-07	O
Insurance	O
Initiatives	O
,	O
Ltd	O
.	O
(	O
IIL	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
business	O
which	O
provides	O
a	O
data	O
distribution	O
platform	O
that	O
extracts	O
,	O
hosts	O
and	O
processes	O
large	O
quantities	O
of	O
data	O
to	O
deliver	O
information	O
predominantly	O
into	O
the	O
point-of-quote	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
's	O
Property	O
&	O
Casualty	O
Insurance	O
industry	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
1997	O
,	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
divested	O
its	O
trade	O
publishing	O
group	O
(	O
including	O
Heinemann	O
,	O
Methuen	O
,	O
Secker	O
&	O
Warburg	O
,	O
Sinclair-Stevenson	O
,	O
Mandarin	O
,	O
Minerva	O
and	O
Cedar	O
)	O
to	O
Random	O
House	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1998	O
,	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
sold	O
the	O
children	O
's	O
divisions	O
of	O
Heinemann	O
,	O
Methuen	O
,	O
Hamlyn	O
and	O
Mammoth	O
to	O
the	O
Egmont	O
Group	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
4	O
May	O
2007	O
Pearson	O
,	O
the	O
international	O
education	O
and	O
information	O
company	O
,	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
agreed	O
to	O
acquire	O
Harcourt	O
Assessment	O
and	O
Harcourt	O
Education	O
International	O
from	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
for	O
$950m	O
in	O
cash	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2007	O
,	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
announced	O
its	O
agreement	O
to	O
sell	O
the	O
remaining	O
Harcourt	O
Education	O
business	O
,	O
including	O
international	O
imprint	O
Heinemann	O
,	O
to	O
Houghton	O
Mifflin	O
for	O
$4	O
billion	O
in	O
cash	O
and	O
stock	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Advertising	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
been	O
the	O
largest	O
source	O
of	O
revenues	O
when	O
RELX	B-Library
was	O
founded	O
,	O
represented	O
just	O
1%	O
of	O
sales	O
in	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2009	O
,	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
announced	O
its	O
intention	O
to	O
sell	O
most	O
of	O
its	O
North	O
American	O
trade	O
publications	O
,	O
including	O
Publishers	O
Weekly	O
,	O
Broadcasting	O
&	O
Cable	O
,	O
and	O
Multichannel	O
News	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
planned	O
to	O
retain	O
Variety	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2010	O
,	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
announced	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
sold	O
21	O
US	O
magazines	O
to	O
other	O
owners	O
in	O
recent	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
an	O
additional	O
23	O
US	O
trade	O
magazines	O
,	O
including	O
Restaurants	O
&	O
Institutions	O
,	O
Hotels	O
,	O
and	O
Trade	O
Show	O
Week	O
would	O
cease	O
publication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2014	O
,	O
Reed	B-Library
Business	I-Library
Information	O
sold	O
BuyerZone	O
,	O
an	O
online	O
marketplace	O
;	O
emedia	O
,	O
an	O
American	O
provider	O
of	O
research	O
for	O
IT	O
buyers	O
and	O
vendors	O
;	O
and	O
a	O
majority	O
stake	O
in	O
Reed	O
Construction	O
Data	O
,	O
a	O
provider	O
of	O
construction	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2016	O
,	O
RELX	B-Library
sold	O
Elsevier	O
Weekly	O
and	O
BeleggersBelangen	O
in	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RELX	B-Library
's	O
Scientific	O
,	O
Technical	O
&	O
Medical	O
business	O
provides	O
information	O
,	O
analytics	O
and	O
tools	O
that	O
help	O
investors	O
make	O
decisions	O
that	O
improve	O
scientific	O
and	O
healthcare	O
outcomes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scopus	B-Library
is	O
a	O
bibliographic	O
database	O
containing	O
abstracts	O
and	O
citations	O
for	O
academic	O
journal	O
articles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mendeley	B-Language
is	O
a	O
desktop	O
and	O
web	O
program	O
for	O
managing	O
and	O
sharing	O
research	O
papers	O
,	O
discovering	O
research	O
data	O
and	O
collaborating	O
online	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Accuity	B-Library
provides	O
financial	O
crime	O
compliance	O
software	O
which	O
allows	O
institutions	O
to	O
comply	O
with	O
sanctions	O
and	O
anti-money	O
laundering	O
compliance	O
programmes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Accuity	B-Library
serves	O
financial	O
services	O
clients	O
worldwide	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RELX	B-Library
's	O
legal	O
business	O
operates	O
under	O
the	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
brand	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
of	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
 '	O
brands	O
date	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
nineteenth	O
century	O
or	O
earlier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
include	O
Butterworths	B-Library
and	O
Tolley	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
and	O
JurisClasseur	O
in	O
France	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
legal	O
and	O
news	O
database	O
contains	O
119bn	O
documents	O
and	O
records	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RELX	B-Library
's	O
exhibitions	O
business	O
is	O
called	O
RX	O
,	O
formerly	O
Reed	B-Library
Exhibitions	I-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2020	O
,	O
RELX	B-Library
announced	O
Sir	O
Anthony	O
Habgood	O
would	O
retire	O
as	O
Chair	O
,	O
to	O
be	O
replaced	O
by	O
Paul	O
Walker	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
half	O
of	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
RELX	B-Library
Environmental	O
Challenge	O
awards	O
grants	O
to	O
projects	O
advancing	O
access	O
to	O
safe	O
water	O
and	O
sanitation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2019	O
,	O
Mike	O
Walsh	O
,	O
CEO	O
of	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
,	O
was	O
honoured	O
by	O
the	O
UN	O
Foundation	O
with	O
a	O
Global	O
Leadership	O
award	O
for	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
work	O
in	O
advancing	O
the	O
Rule	O
of	O
Law	O
-	O
recognizing	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
commitment	O
to	O
strengthening	O
equality	O
under	O
law	O
,	O
transparency	O
of	O
law	O
,	O
independent	O
judiciaries	O
and	O
accessible	O
legal	O
remedy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Programmes	O
operated	O
by	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Legal	O
&	O
Professional	O
include	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Programmes	O
operated	O
by	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
Risk	O
Solutions	O
include	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
has	O
been	O
criticised	O
for	O
the	O
high	O
prices	O
of	O
its	O
journals	O
and	O
services	O
,	O
especially	O
those	O
published	O
by	O
Elsevier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
also	O
supported	O
SOPA	B-Application
,	O
PIPA	O
and	O
the	O
Research	O
Works	O
Act	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
no	O
longer	O
supports	O
the	O
last	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
data	O
broker	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
collected	O
,	O
used	O
,	O
and	O
sold	O
data	O
on	O
millions	O
of	O
consumers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2005	O
,	O
a	O
security	O
breach	O
occurred	O
through	O
a	O
recently	O
purchased	O
subsidiary	O
,	O
Seisint	B-Library
,	O
which	O
allowed	O
identity	O
thieves	O
to	O
steal	O
the	O
records	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
316,000	O
people	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
settlement	O
required	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
and	O
Seisint	B-Library
to	O
establish	O
and	O
maintain	O
a	O
comprehensive	O
security	O
program	O
to	O
protect	O
nonpublic	O
personal	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Between	O
2005	O
and	O
2007	O
,	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
medical	O
and	O
scientific	O
communities	O
,	O
which	O
purchase	O
and	O
use	O
many	O
journals	O
published	O
by	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
,	O
agitated	O
for	O
the	O
company	O
to	O
cut	O
its	O
links	O
to	O
the	O
arms	O
trade	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2007	O
Richard	O
Smith	O
,	O
former	O
editor	O
of	O
the	O
British	O
Medical	O
Journal	O
,	O
published	O
an	O
editorial	O
in	O
the	O
Journal	O
of	O
the	O
Royal	O
Society	O
of	O
Medicine	O
arguing	O
that	O
Reed	B-Library
Elsevier	I-Library
's	O
involvement	O
in	O
both	O
the	O
arms	O
trade	O
and	O
medical	O
publishing	O
constituted	O
a	O
conflict	O
of	O
interest	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2019	O
,	O
legal	O
scholars	O
and	O
human	O
rights	O
activists	O
called	O
on	O
RELX	B-Library
to	O
cease	O
work	O
with	O
U.S.	O
Immigration	O
and	O
Customs	O
Enforcement	O
because	O
their	O
product	O
LexisNexis	B-Library
directly	O
contributes	O
to	O
the	O
deportation	O
of	O
illegal	O
immigrants	O
.	O
</s>
