<s>
RDFa	B-General_Concept
or	O
Resource	O
Description	O
Framework	O
in	O
Attributes	O
is	O
a	O
W3C	O
Recommendation	O
that	O
adds	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
attribute-level	B-General_Concept
extensions	O
to	O
HTML	B-Application
,	O
XHTML	B-Language
and	O
various	O
XML-based	O
document	O
types	O
for	O
embedding	O
rich	O
metadata	O
within	O
Web	O
documents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Resource	O
Description	O
Framework	O
(	O
RDF	O
)	O
data-model	O
mapping	O
enables	O
its	O
use	O
for	O
embedding	O
RDF	O
subject-predicate-object	O
expressions	O
within	O
XHTML	B-Language
documents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
enables	O
the	O
extraction	O
of	O
RDF	O
model	O
triples	O
by	O
compliant	O
user	B-Protocol
agents	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
community	O
runs	O
a	O
wiki	B-Protocol
website	O
to	O
host	O
tools	O
,	O
examples	O
,	O
and	O
tutorials	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RDFa	B-General_Concept
was	O
first	O
proposed	O
by	O
Mark	O
Birbeck	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
a	O
W3C	O
note	O
entitled	O
XHTML	B-Language
and	O
RDF	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
then	O
presented	O
to	O
the	O
Semantic	O
Web	O
Interest	O
Group	O
at	O
the	O
W3C	O
's	O
2004	O
Technical	O
Plenary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
that	O
year	O
the	O
work	O
became	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
sixth	O
public	O
Working	O
Draft	O
of	O
XHTML	B-Language
2.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
it	O
is	O
generally	O
assumed	O
that	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
was	O
originally	O
intended	O
only	O
for	O
XHTML	B-Language
2	O
,	O
in	O
fact	O
the	O
purpose	O
of	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
was	O
always	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
add	O
a	O
metadata	O
to	O
any	O
XML-based	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Indeed	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
earliest	O
documents	O
bearing	O
the	O
RDF/A	B-General_Concept
Syntax	O
name	O
has	O
the	O
sub-title	O
A	O
collection	O
of	O
attributes	O
for	O
layering	O
RDF	O
on	O
XML	B-Protocol
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2007	O
the	O
XHTML	B-Language
2	O
Working	O
Group	O
produced	O
a	O
module	O
to	O
support	O
RDF	O
annotation	O
within	O
the	O
XHTML	B-Language
1	O
family	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
an	O
example	O
,	O
it	O
included	O
an	O
extended	O
version	O
of	O
XHTML	B-Language
1.1	O
dubbed	O
XHTML+RDFa	O
1.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
described	O
as	O
not	O
representing	O
an	O
intended	O
direction	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
a	O
formal	O
markup	O
language	O
from	O
the	O
W3C	O
,	O
limited	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
XHTML+RDFa	O
1.0	O
DTD	B-Language
did	O
subsequently	O
appear	O
on	O
the	O
public	O
Web	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
October	O
2007	O
saw	O
the	O
first	O
public	O
Working	O
Draft	O
of	O
a	O
document	O
entitled	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
in	O
XHTML	B-Language
:	O
Syntax	O
and	O
Processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
superseded	O
and	O
expanded	O
upon	O
the	O
April	O
draft	O
;	O
it	O
contained	O
rules	O
for	O
creating	O
an	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
parser	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
guidelines	O
for	O
organizations	O
wishing	O
to	O
make	O
practical	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2008	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.0	O
reached	O
recommendation	O
status	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.1	O
reached	O
recommendation	O
status	O
in	O
June	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
differs	O
from	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.0	O
in	O
that	O
it	O
no	O
longer	O
relies	O
on	O
the	O
XML-specific	O
namespace	O
mechanism	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Therefore	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
use	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.1	O
with	O
non-XML	O
document	O
types	O
such	O
as	O
HTML	B-Application
4	O
or	O
HTML	B-Application
5	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Details	O
can	O
be	O
found	O
in	O
an	O
appendix	O
to	O
HTML	B-Application
5	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
additional	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.1	O
Primer	O
document	O
was	O
last	O
updated	O
17	O
March	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RDFa	B-General_Concept
was	O
defined	O
in	O
2008	O
with	O
the	O
"	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
in	O
XHTML	B-Language
:	O
Syntax	O
and	O
Processing	O
"	O
Recommendation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
first	O
application	O
was	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
module	O
of	O
XHTML	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HTML	B-Application
applications	O
remained	O
,	O
"	O
a	O
collection	O
of	O
attributes	O
and	O
processing	O
rules	O
for	O
extending	O
XHTML	B-Language
to	O
support	O
RDF	O
"	O
expanded	O
to	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
are	O
now	O
expressed	O
in	O
a	O
specialized	O
standard	O
,	O
the	O
"	O
HTML+RDFa	O
"	O
(	O
the	O
last	O
is	O
"	O
HTML+RDFa	O
1.1	O
-	O
Support	O
for	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
in	O
HTML4	O
and	O
HTML5	B-Application
"	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
HTML+RDFa	O
"	O
syntax	O
of	O
2008	O
was	O
also	O
termed	O
"	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.0	O
"	O
,	O
so	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
no	O
"	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
Core	O
1.0	O
"	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
general	O
this	O
2008	O
's	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.0	O
is	O
used	O
with	O
the	O
old	O
XHTML	B-Language
standards	O
(	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.1	O
is	O
used	O
with	O
XHTML5	O
and	O
HTML5	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Is	O
the	O
first	O
generic	O
(	O
for	O
HTML	B-Application
and	O
XML	B-Protocol
)	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
standard	O
,	O
now	O
(	O
2015	O
)	O
the	O
"	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
Core	O
1.1	O
"	O
is	O
in	O
the	O
Third	O
Edition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RDFa	B-General_Concept
Lite	O
is	O
a	O
W3C	O
Recommendation	O
(	O
1.0	O
and	O
1.1	O
)	O
since	O
2009	O
,	O
where	O
it	O
is	O
described	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
RDFa	B-General_Concept
Lite	O
is	O
minimal	O
subset	O
of	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
...	O
consisting	O
of	O
a	O
few	O
attributes	O
that	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
express	O
machine-readable	B-General_Concept
data	I-General_Concept
in	O
Web	O
documents	O
like	O
HTML	B-Application
,	O
SVG	O
,	O
and	O
XML	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
RDFa	B-General_Concept
Lite	O
consists	O
of	O
five	O
attributes	O
:	O
vocab	O
,	O
typeof	O
,	O
property	O
,	O
resource	O
,	O
and	O
prefix	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.1	O
Lite	O
is	O
upwards	O
compatible	O
with	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
the	O
W3C	O
was	O
positioned	O
to	O
retain	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
Lite	O
as	O
unique	O
and	O
definitive	O
standard	O
alternative	O
to	O
Microdata	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
position	O
was	O
confirmed	O
with	O
the	O
publication	O
of	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
Recommendation	O
in	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
essence	O
of	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
is	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
attributes	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
carry	O
metadata	O
in	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
language	O
(	O
hence	O
the	O
'	O
a	O
 '	O
in	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
five	O
"	O
principles	O
of	O
interoperable	O
metadata	O
"	O
met	O
by	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Separate	O
XML	B-Protocol
and	O
HTML	B-Application
sections	O
are	O
not	O
required	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
may	O
benefit	O
web	O
accessibility	O
as	O
more	O
information	O
is	O
available	O
to	O
assistive	B-Language
technology	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
a	O
growing	O
number	O
of	O
tools	O
for	O
better	O
usage	O
of	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
vocabularies	O
and	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
annotation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Simplified	O
approaches	O
to	O
semantically	O
annotate	O
information	O
items	O
in	O
webpages	O
were	O
greatly	O
encouraged	O
by	O
the	O
HTML+RDFa	O
(	O
released	O
in	O
2008	O
)	O
and	O
microformats	B-General_Concept
(	O
since	O
~	O
2005	O
)	O
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
statistics	O
of	O
2017	O
show	O
that	O
usage	O
of	O
HTML+RDFa	O
is	O
now	O
less	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
Microformats	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Web-based	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
editors	I-General_Concept
There	O
are	O
already	O
a	O
few	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
editors	I-General_Concept
available	O
online	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RDFaCE	O
(	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
Content	O
Editor	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
WYSIWYM	B-General_Concept
editor	O
based	O
on	O
TinyMCE	B-Application
to	O
support	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
content	O
authoring	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
supports	O
manual	O
and	O
semi-automatic	O
generation	O
of	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
with	O
the	O
support	O
of	O
annotation	O
services	O
such	O
as	O
DBpedia	O
Spotlight	O
,	O
OpenCalais	B-General_Concept
,	O
Alchemy	O
API	O
,	O
among	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RDFaCE-Lite	O
is	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
RDFaCE	O
also	O
supporting	O
Microdata	B-General_Concept
and	O
available	O
as	O
a	O
WordPress	O
plugin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Desktop	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
editors	I-General_Concept
AutôMeta	O
is	O
an	O
environment	O
for	O
semi-automatic	O
(	O
or	O
automatic	O
)	O
annotation	O
of	O
documents	O
for	O
publishing	O
on	O
the	O
Web	O
using	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
includes	O
a	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
extraction	O
tool	O
to	O
provide	O
the	O
user	O
with	O
a	O
view	O
of	O
the	O
annotated	O
triples	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
available	O
in	O
both	O
CLI	B-Application
and	O
GUI	B-Application
interfaces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
is	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
adding	O
Dublin	O
Core	O
metadata	O
to	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
element	O
in	O
an	O
XHTML	B-Language
file	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Moreover	O
,	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
allows	O
the	O
passages	O
and	O
words	O
within	O
a	O
text	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
semantic	O
markup	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
is	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
a	O
complete	O
XHTML+RDFa	O
1.0	O
document	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
example	O
above	O
,	O
the	O
document	O
URI	B-Protocol
can	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
representing	O
an	O
HTML	B-Application
document	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
document	O
URI	B-Protocol
plus	O
the	O
"	O
#me	O
"	O
string	O
http://example.org/john-d/#me	O
represents	O
the	O
actual	O
person	O
,	O
as	O
distinct	O
from	O
a	O
document	O
about	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
foaf:primaryTopic	O
in	O
the	O
header	O
tells	O
us	O
a	O
URI	B-Protocol
of	O
the	O
person	O
the	O
document	O
is	O
about	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
URI	B-Protocol
of	O
their	O
website	O
is	O
a	O
resource	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Here	O
are	O
the	O
same	O
triples	O
when	O
the	O
above	O
document	O
is	O
automatically	O
converted	O
to	O
RDF/XML	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
above	O
example	O
can	O
be	O
expressed	O
without	O
XML	B-Language
namespaces	I-Language
in	O
HTML5	B-Application
:	O
</s>
<s>
RDFa	B-General_Concept
1.1	O
automatically	O
includes	O
prefixes	O
for	O
popular	O
vocabularies	O
such	O
as	O
FOAF	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Person	O
Schema	O
in	O
RDFa	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
