<s>
A	O
quick	B-Device
access	I-Device
recorder	I-Device
(	O
QAR	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
airborne	O
flight	B-Device
recorder	I-Device
designed	O
to	O
provide	O
quick	O
and	O
easy	O
access	O
to	O
raw	O
flight	O
data	O
,	O
through	O
means	O
such	O
as	O
USB	B-Protocol
or	O
cellular	O
network	O
connections	O
and/or	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
standard	O
flash	B-Device
memory	I-Device
cards	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
the	O
aircraft	O
's	O
flight	B-Device
data	I-Device
recorder	I-Device
(	O
FDR	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
QAR	O
receives	O
its	O
inputs	O
from	O
the	O
Flight	O
Data	O
Acquisition	O
Unit	O
(	O
FDAU	O
)	O
,	O
recording	O
over	O
2000	O
flight	O
parameters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
quick	B-Device
access	I-Device
recorder	I-Device
was	O
pioneered	O
by	O
British	O
European	O
Airways	O
(	O
BEA	O
)	O
on	O
its	O
Hawker	O
Siddeley	O
Trident	O
aircraft	O
in	O
the	O
1960s	O
as	O
a	O
requirement	O
to	O
prove	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
the	O
aircraft	O
's	O
autoland	B-Device
system	O
for	O
certification	O
of	O
the	O
autoland	B-Device
system	O
by	O
the	O
Civil	O
Aviation	O
Authority	O
(	O
CAA	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quick	B-Device
access	I-Device
recorders	I-Device
are	O
carried	O
by	O
all	O
BEA	O
's	O
successor	O
airline	O
,	O
British	O
Airways	O
(	O
BA	O
)	O
,	O
aircraft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	O
from	O
the	O
Penny	O
&	O
Giles	O
quick	B-Device
access	I-Device
recorder	I-Device
of	O
a	O
BA	O
Boeing	O
747-400	O
London-Bangkok	O
flight	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
aircraft	O
suffered	O
un-commanded	O
elevator	O
movement	O
and	O
momentary	O
elevator	O
reversal	O
caused	O
Boeing	O
to	O
implement	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
elevator	O
servo	O
valve	O
design	O
,	O
a	O
modification	O
that	O
was	O
applied	O
to	O
all	O
Boeing	O
747s	O
in	O
service	O
,	O
and	O
suspicion	O
of	O
a	O
similar	O
original	O
valve	O
design	O
arising	O
from	O
this	O
BA	O
data	O
was	O
subsequently	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
National	O
Transportation	O
Safety	O
Board	O
(	O
NTSB	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
determining	O
of	O
the	O
causes	O
of	O
the	O
crashes	O
of	O
United	O
Airlines	O
Flight	O
585	O
and	O
USAir	O
Flight	O
427	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Earlier	O
,	O
data	O
from	O
a	O
Trident	O
's	O
quick	B-Device
access	I-Device
recorder	I-Device
had	O
provided	O
the	O
Air	O
Accidents	O
Investigation	O
Branch	O
(	O
AAIB	O
)	O
with	O
useful	O
supplemental	O
data	O
over-and-above	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
aircraft	O
's	O
flight	B-Device
data	I-Device
recorder	I-Device
that	O
helped	O
the	O
diagnosing	O
of	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
1972	O
British	O
European	O
Airways	O
Flight	O
548	O
,	O
the	O
"	O
Staines	O
air	O
disaster	O
"	O
where	O
the	O
Trident	O
's	O
leading	O
edge	O
droop	O
flaps	O
had	O
been	O
retracted	O
too	O
early	O
and	O
at	O
too	O
low	O
an	O
airspeed	O
.	O
</s>
