<s>
Quattor	B-Device
is	O
a	O
generic	O
open-source	O
tool-kit	O
used	O
to	O
install	O
,	O
configure	O
,	O
and	O
manage	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quattor	B-Device
was	O
originally	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
framework	O
of	O
European	O
Data	O
Grid	B-Architecture
project	O
(	O
2001-2004	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
its	O
first	O
release	O
in	O
2003	O
,	O
Quattor	B-Device
has	O
been	O
maintained	O
and	O
extended	O
by	O
a	O
volunteer	O
community	O
of	O
users	O
and	O
developers	O
,	O
primarily	O
from	O
the	O
community	O
of	O
grid	B-Architecture
system	O
administrators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Quattor	B-Device
tool-kit	O
,	O
like	O
other	O
configuration	O
management	O
systems	O
,	O
reduces	O
the	O
staff	O
required	O
to	O
maintain	O
a	O
cluster	O
and	O
facilitates	O
reliable	O
change	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
three	O
unique	O
features	O
make	O
it	O
particularly	O
attractive	O
for	O
managing	O
grid	B-Architecture
resources	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Shared	O
Configuration	O
and	O
Management	O
Efficiency	O
:	O
Quattor	B-Device
encourages	O
the	O
re-use	O
of	O
configuration	O
information	O
in	O
such	O
a	O
way	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
distributed	O
and	O
used	O
with	O
little	O
or	O
no	O
modification	O
at	O
different	O
sites	O
,	O
facilitating	O
the	O
distribution	O
of	O
best	O
practices	O
without	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
each	O
site	O
to	O
implement	O
configuration	O
changes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Coherent	O
Site	O
Model	O
:	O
Quattor	B-Device
allows	O
an	O
administrator	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
site	O
model	O
that	O
,	O
once	O
constructed	O
,	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
manage	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
different	O
resources	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
real	O
machines	O
,	O
virtual	O
machines	O
and	O
cloud	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
features	O
are	O
also	O
attractive	O
beyond	O
the	O
grid	B-Architecture
context	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
has	O
been	O
confirmed	O
by	O
the	O
growing	O
adoption	O
of	O
Quattor	B-Device
,	O
by	O
both	O
large	O
commercial	O
organisations	O
and	O
academic	O
institutions	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
them	O
using	O
the	O
tool-kit	O
to	O
manage	O
consistently	O
their	O
grid	B-Architecture
and	O
non-grid	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
core	O
of	O
Quattor	B-Device
is	O
Pan	O
,	O
a	O
high-level	O
,	O
typed	O
language	O
with	O
flexible	O
include	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Pan	O
language	O
compiler	O
panc	O
sits	O
at	O
the	O
core	O
of	O
the	O
Quattor	B-Device
tool-kit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
files	O
(	O
profiles	O
)	O
that	O
are	O
easily	O
consumed	O
by	O
Quattor	B-Device
clients	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
for	O
ports	O
,	O
account	O
generation	O
,	O
log	O
rotation	O
entries	O
,	O
cron	B-General_Concept
entries	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
like	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quattor	B-Device
Working	O
Group	O
(	O
QWG	O
)	O
templates	O
are	O
used	O
to	O
configure	O
grid	B-Architecture
middleware	B-General_Concept
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
QWG	O
templates	O
use	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
Pan	O
to	O
allow	O
distributed	O
sites	O
to	O
share	O
grid	B-Architecture
middleware	B-General_Concept
expertise	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Quattor	B-Device
,	O
managed	O
nodes	O
handle	O
their	O
configuration	O
process	O
autonomously	O
;	O
all	O
actions	O
are	O
initiated	O
locally	O
,	O
once	O
the	O
configuration	O
profile	O
has	O
been	O
retrieved	O
from	O
the	O
repository	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
detect	O
failures	O
in	O
Quattor	B-Device
component	O
execution	O
.	O
</s>
