<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
is	O
a	O
global	B-Operating_System
public	I-Operating_System
recursive	I-Operating_System
DNS	O
resolver	O
that	O
aims	O
to	O
protect	O
users	O
from	O
malware	O
and	O
phishing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
is	O
operated	O
by	O
the	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
Foundation	O
,	O
a	O
Swiss	B-Protocol
public-benefit	O
,	O
not-for-profit	O
foundation	O
with	O
the	O
purpose	O
of	O
improving	O
the	O
privacy	O
and	O
cybersecurity	O
of	O
Internet	O
users	O
,	O
headquartered	O
in	O
Zurich	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
is	O
entirely	O
subject	O
to	O
Swiss	B-Protocol
privacy	O
law	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Swiss	B-Protocol
government	O
extends	O
that	O
protection	O
of	O
the	O
law	O
to	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
's	O
users	O
throughout	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
citizenship	O
or	O
country	O
of	O
residence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
independent	O
evaluations	O
have	O
found	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
to	O
be	O
the	O
most	O
effective	O
(	O
97%	O
)	O
at	O
blocking	O
malware	O
and	O
phishing	O
domains	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
June	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
was	O
blocking	O
more	O
than	O
100	O
million	O
malware	O
infections	O
and	O
phishing	O
attacks	O
per	O
day	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
's	O
malware	O
filtering	O
is	O
a	O
user-selectable	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
domains	O
which	O
are	O
filtered	O
are	O
not	O
determined	O
by	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
,	O
but	O
instead	O
supplied	O
to	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
by	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
independent	O
threat-intelligence	O
analysts	O
,	O
using	O
different	O
methodologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
uses	O
a	O
reputation-scoring	O
system	O
to	O
aggregate	O
these	O
sources	O
,	O
and	O
removes	O
"	O
false	O
positive	O
"	O
domains	O
from	O
the	O
filter	O
list	O
,	O
but	O
does	O
not	O
itself	O
add	O
domains	O
to	O
the	O
filter	O
list	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
was	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
use	O
standards-based	O
strong	O
cryptography	O
to	O
protect	O
the	O
privacy	O
of	O
its	O
users	O
 '	O
DNS	O
queries	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
use	O
DNSSEC	B-Protocol
cryptographic	O
validation	O
to	O
protect	O
users	O
from	O
domain	B-Protocol
name	I-Protocol
hijacking	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
protects	O
users	O
 '	O
privacy	O
by	O
not	O
retaining	O
or	O
processing	O
the	O
IP	B-Protocol
address	I-Protocol
of	O
its	O
users	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
consequently	O
GDPR-compliant	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
August	O
2021	O
,	O
the	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
recursive	O
resolver	O
was	O
operating	O
from	O
server	O
clusters	O
in	O
224	O
locations	O
on	O
six	O
continents	O
and	O
106	O
countries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
June	O
18	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
was	O
notified	O
of	O
a	O
first-of-its-kind	O
injunction	O
by	O
the	O
District	O
Court	O
of	O
Hamburg	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
Sony	O
Music	O
demanded	O
that	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
block	O
DNS	O
resolution	O
of	O
a	O
domain	O
name	O
used	O
by	O
a	O
web	O
site	O
which	O
did	O
not	O
contain	O
copyright-infringing	O
material	O
,	O
but	O
contained	O
links	O
to	O
other	O
sites	O
which	O
did	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
's	O
General	O
Manager	O
John	O
Todd	O
was	O
quoted	O
in	O
the	O
press	O
as	O
saying	O
"	O
Our	O
donors	O
support	O
us	O
to	O
protect	O
the	O
public	O
from	O
cyber-threats	O
,	O
not	O
to	O
further	O
enrich	O
Sony	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
If	O
this	O
precedent	O
holds	O
,	O
it	O
will	O
appear	O
again	O
in	O
similar	O
injunctions	O
against	O
other	O
uninvolved	O
third	O
parties	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
anti-virus	O
software	O
,	O
web	O
browsers	O
,	O
operating	O
systems	O
and	O
firewalls.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
immediately	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
contest	O
the	O
injunction	O
and	O
,	O
as	O
of	O
June24	O
,	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
retained	O
German	O
counsel	O
and	O
would	O
be	O
filing	O
an	O
objection	O
to	O
the	O
injunction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
close	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
week	O
of	O
the	O
conflict	O
,	O
the	O
press	O
noted	O
that	O
donations	O
to	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
were	O
up	O
by	O
900%	O
relative	O
to	O
the	O
prior	O
week	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
of	O
June27	O
,	O
canna.to	O
was	O
still	O
resolvable	O
through	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
's	O
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
31	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Quad9	B-Protocol
filed	O
an	O
objection	O
to	O
the	O
injunction	O
,	O
citing	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
flaws	O
in	O
the	O
legal	O
arguments	O
made	O
by	O
Sony	O
,	O
but	O
principally	O
hinging	O
on	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
ISPs	O
(	O
which	O
actually	O
have	O
a	O
business	O
relationship	O
with	O
infringing	O
parties	O
)	O
are	O
exempted	O
from	O
third-party	O
liability	O
,	O
despite	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
they	O
also	O
operate	O
DNS	O
recursive	O
resolvers	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
misinterpretation	O
of	O
the	O
law	O
to	O
exclude	O
independent	O
recursive	O
resolvers	O
from	O
that	O
exemption	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
operates	O
recursive	O
name	O
servers	O
for	O
public	O
use	O
at	O
the	O
twelve	O
IP	B-Protocol
addresses	I-Protocol
listed	O
below	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
addresses	O
are	O
routed	O
to	O
the	O
nearest	O
operational	O
server	O
using	O
anycast	B-Protocol
routing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quad9	B-Protocol
supports	O
DNS	B-Protocol
over	I-Protocol
TLS	I-Protocol
over	O
port	O
853	O
,	O
DNS	B-Protocol
over	I-Protocol
HTTPS	I-Protocol
over	O
port	O
443	O
,	O
and	O
DNSCrypt	B-Protocol
over	O
port	O
443	O
.	O
</s>
