<s>
The	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
or	O
QWERTZU	B-Language
keyboard	B-Device
is	O
a	O
typewriter	O
and	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
Central	O
Europe	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
comes	O
from	O
the	O
first	O
six	O
letters	O
at	O
the	O
top	O
left	O
of	O
the	O
keyboard	B-Device
:	O
(	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
difference	O
between	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
and	O
QWERTY	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
positions	O
of	O
the	O
and	O
keys	O
are	O
switched	O
(	O
hence	O
the	O
nickname	O
"	O
kezboard	B-Language
"	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Similar	O
to	O
many	O
other	O
non-English	O
keyboards	B-Device
:	O
</s>
<s>
Part	O
of	O
the	O
keyboard	B-Device
is	O
adapted	O
to	O
include	O
language-specific	O
characters	O
,	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
umlauted	O
vowels	O
( ä	O
,	O
ö	O
,	O
ü	O
)	O
in	O
German	O
and	O
Austrian	O
keyboards	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
QWERTZ	B-Language
keyboards	B-Device
usually	O
change	O
the	O
right	O
key	B-Device
into	O
an	O
key	B-Device
to	O
access	O
a	O
third	O
level	O
of	O
key	B-Device
assignments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
necessary	O
because	O
the	O
language-specific	O
characters	O
leave	O
no	O
room	O
to	O
have	O
all	O
the	O
special	O
symbols	O
of	O
ASCII	B-Protocol
,	O
needed	O
by	O
programmers	O
among	O
others	O
,	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
or	O
second	O
(	O
shifted	O
)	O
levels	O
without	O
unduly	O
increasing	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
keyboard	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
the	O
special	O
key	B-Device
inscriptions	O
are	O
often	O
changed	O
from	O
an	O
abbreviation	O
to	O
a	O
graphical	O
symbol	O
(	O
for	O
example	O
becomes	O
a	O
hollow	O
arrow	O
pointing	O
up	O
,	O
becomes	O
a	O
left-pointing	O
arrow	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
German	O
and	O
Austrian	O
keyboards	B-Device
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
abbreviated	O
labels	O
are	O
in	O
German	O
:	O
(	O
control	O
)	O
is	O
translated	O
to	O
its	O
German	O
equivalent	O
"	O
Strg	O
"	O
for	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
abbreviated	O
"	O
Entf	O
"	O
(	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
and	O
on	O
the	O
numeric	B-Device
keypad	I-Device
are	O
not	O
translated	O
,	O
however	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
layout	O
is	O
fairly	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
Germany	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
Central	O
European	O
and	O
Balkan	O
countries	O
that	O
use	O
the	O
Latin	O
script	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
countries	O
were	O
historically	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
Austria-Hungary	O
or	O
under	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
Nazi	O
German	O
occupation	O
(	O
and	O
its	O
underlying	O
culture	O
and	O
technology	O
)	O
,	O
so	O
they	O
used	O
German	O
typewriters	O
with	O
the	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
layout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QWERTZ	B-Language
is	O
the	O
default	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
for	O
the	O
Albanian	O
language	O
in	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PC	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
commonly	O
used	O
in	O
Germany	O
and	O
Austria	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
one	O
defined	O
in	O
a	O
former	O
edition	O
(	O
October	O
1988	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
German	O
standard	O
DIN	B-Application
2137-2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
current	O
edition	O
DIN	B-Application
2137:2012-06	O
standardizes	O
it	O
as	O
the	O
first	O
(	O
basic	O
)	O
one	O
of	O
three	O
layouts	O
,	O
calling	O
it	O
“	O
T1	O
”	O
(	O
,	O
or	O
“	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
1	O
”	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
employs	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
to	O
type	O
accented	O
characters	O
like	O
“	O
é	O
”	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
key	B-Device
to	O
access	O
characters	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
level	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Sorbian	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
is	O
practically	O
identical	O
to	O
the	O
German	O
layout	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
additional	O
Sorbian	O
characters	O
can	O
be	O
entered	O
with	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
;	O
it	O
has	O
three	O
different	O
layouts	O
:	O
Standard	O
,	O
Legacy	O
,	O
and	O
Extended	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
are	O
supported	O
by	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
(	O
Windows	O
7	O
and	O
later	O
only	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
keyboard	I-Language
layout	I-Language
is	O
commonly	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
QWERTY	O
variant	O
is	O
an	O
unofficial	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
characters	O
from	O
the	O
American	O
keyboard	B-Device
( @#$&	O
\|[]{}xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1^`~*	O
)	O
and	O
some	O
other	O
characters	O
and	O
diacritic	O
signs	O
( ÷×¤€ßĐđŁł°˘˝·˛¸	O
)	O
that	O
are	O
missing	O
on	O
the	O
Czech	O
mechanical	O
typewriter	O
keyboard	B-Device
can	O
be	O
accessed	O
with	O
the	O
AltGr	B-Device
key	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
layout	O
on	O
the	O
picture	O
is	O
supported	O
by	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
layout	O
is	O
more	O
efficient	O
for	O
Czech	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
Z	B-Language
letter	O
is	O
slightly	O
more	O
common	O
than	O
the	O
Y	O
letter	O
,	O
but	O
only	O
4%	O
more	O
efficient	O
than	O
QWERTY	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
internet	O
poll	O
in	O
2013	O
stated	O
that	O
56%	O
of	O
Czech	O
users	O
used	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
and	O
44%	O
used	O
QWERTY	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
2020	O
57%	O
of	O
Czech	O
users	O
used	O
QWERTY	O
and	O
43%	O
used	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
some	O
keyboards	B-Device
,	O
the	O
""	O
key	B-Device
is	O
located	O
to	O
the	O
left	O
of	O
the	O
Enter	O
key	B-Device
,	O
while	O
on	O
others	O
it	O
is	O
placed	O
to	O
the	O
left	O
of	O
the	O
backspace	B-Device
key	I-Device
(	O
see	O
the	O
two	O
pictures	O
on	O
the	O
right	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
unusual	O
feature	O
of	O
this	O
Hungarian	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
is	O
the	O
position	O
of	O
the	O
0	O
(	O
zero	O
)	O
:	O
it	O
is	O
located	O
to	O
the	O
left	O
of	O
the	O
1	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
accented	O
characters	O
can	O
be	O
together	O
on	O
the	O
right	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
keyboard	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
official	O
layout	O
is	O
of	O
type	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
,	O
which	O
is	O
therefore	O
the	O
most	O
widely	O
used	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QWERTY	O
used	O
to	O
be	O
widespread	O
due	O
to	O
there	O
not	O
being	O
a	O
dedicated	O
Hungarian	O
layout	O
commonly	O
available	O
for	O
older	O
computers	O
,	O
but	O
since	O
this	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
an	O
issue	O
,	O
virtually	O
everyone	O
uses	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
in	O
everyday	O
computing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
"	O
ISO	O
"	O
keyboards	B-Device
(	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
picture	O
)	O
and	O
"	O
BAE	O
"	O
keyboards	B-Device
(	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
key	B-Device
is	O
positioned	O
on	O
the	O
key	B-Device
to	O
the	O
right	O
of	O
the	O
left	O
key	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
adapt	O
to	O
101/104	O
-key	O
(	O
ANSI	O
)	O
keyboards	B-Device
which	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
that	O
key	B-Device
,	O
the	O
MS	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
QWERTY	O
layout	O
has	O
put	O
the	O
Í	O
on	O
the	O
usual	O
key	B-Device
for	O
the	O
0	O
(	O
zero	O
)	O
while	O
the	O
0	O
has	O
been	O
moved	O
to	O
that	O
key	B-Device
's	O
tertiary	O
(	O
)	O
layer	O
;	O
on	O
Macintosh	O
computers	O
,	O
both	O
layouts	O
(	O
QWERTY	O
and	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
)	O
have	O
this	O
adaptation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
variant	O
of	O
the	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
keyboard	B-Device
has	O
been	O
used	O
in	O
Poland	O
,	O
but	O
QWERTY	O
keyboards	B-Device
have	O
been	O
dominant	O
since	O
the	O
early	O
1990s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
standard	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
as	O
established	O
by	O
the	O
standard	O
SR	O
13392:2004	O
is	O
QWERTY	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
a	O
Romanian	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
keyboard	B-Device
(	O
corresponding	O
to	O
older	O
standards	O
)	O
was	O
set	O
up	O
on	O
Windows	O
3.1	O
and	O
renamed	O
"	O
Romanian	O
(	O
Legacy	O
)	O
"	O
on	O
all	O
versions	O
since	O
Windows	O
Vista	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
standard	O
QWERTY	O
layouts	O
with	O
the	O
correct	O
diacritics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
it	O
was	O
devised	O
before	O
the	O
disunification	O
of	O
"	O
Ș	O
"	O
(	O
S-comma	O
)	O
and	O
"	O
Ț	O
"	O
(	O
T-comma	O
)	O
with	O
"	O
Ş	O
"	O
(	O
S-cedilla	O
;	O
used	O
in	O
Turkic	O
languages	O
)	O
and	O
"	O
Ţ	O
"	O
(	O
T	B-Language
cedilla	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
characters	O
with	O
cedilla	O
were	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
layout	O
(	O
and	O
these	O
are	O
still	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
default	O
1250	O
encoding	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Typewriters	O
in	O
Slovakia	O
have	O
used	O
the	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
layout	O
quite	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
layout	O
used	O
on	O
the	O
Czech	O
typewriters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Slovak	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
layout	O
differs	O
from	O
the	O
Czech	O
one	O
in	O
using	O
the	O
letter	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
position	O
,	O
also	O
the	O
letter	O
is	O
on	O
the	O
position	O
of	O
Czech	O
and	O
the	O
letter	O
is	O
on	O
the	O
position	O
of	O
Czech	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
2	O
more	O
keys	O
that	O
differ	O
in	O
these	O
2	O
languages	O
:	O
Slovak	O
key	B-Device
replaces	O
the	O
Czech	O
key	B-Device
and	O
Slovak	O
key	B-Device
replaces	O
the	O
Czech	O
key	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
17	O
characters	O
from	O
American	O
keyboard	B-Device
( @#$&\|[]{}xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1^`~*	O
 '	O
)	O
that	O
are	O
missing	O
on	O
the	O
Slovak	O
keyboard	B-Device
because	O
of	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
the	O
Slovak	O
letters	O
( ľščňťžôúáíýéä°´ˇ§	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
access	O
them	O
with	O
the	O
key	B-Device
,	O
however	O
,	O
the	O
position	O
of	O
these	O
characters	O
varies	O
between	O
different	O
operating	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Besides	O
the	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
keyboard	I-Language
layout	I-Language
inherited	O
from	O
the	O
typewriter	O
era	O
,	O
QWERTY	O
layout	O
is	O
also	O
used	O
by	O
computer	O
users	O
in	O
Slovakia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Serbo-Croatian	O
Latin	O
and	O
Slovene	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
has	O
five	O
additional	O
special	O
characters	O
Č	O
,	O
Ć	O
,	O
Ž	O
,	O
Š	O
and	O
Đ	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
was	O
standardized	O
in	O
the	O
1980s	O
in	O
Yugoslavia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Characters	O
Ć	O
and	O
Đ	O
are	O
only	O
part	O
of	O
Gaj	O
's	O
Latin	O
alphabet	O
but	O
not	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Slovene	O
alphabet	O
,	O
nevertheless	O
they	O
remain	O
in	O
Slovenian	O
keyboards	B-Device
(	O
for	O
economic	O
reasons	O
,	O
for	O
historical	O
reasons	O
and	O
for	O
writing	O
words	O
in	O
the	O
closely	O
related	O
South	O
Slavic	O
languages	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Ž	O
is	O
on	O
the	O
right	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
Ć	O
key	B-Device
on	O
keyboards	B-Device
which	O
have	O
a	O
longer	O
backspace	B-Device
key	I-Device
,	O
and	O
the	O
usual	O
inverted	O
L	O
shaped	O
Enter	O
key	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
layout	O
makes	O
heavy	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
AltGr	B-Device
(	O
right	B-Device
Alt	I-Device
)	O
key	B-Device
for	O
non-alphabetic	O
characters	O
and	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
combinations	O
for	O
adding	O
diacritics	O
to	O
Latin	O
characters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
type	O
German	O
,	O
Hungarian	O
,	O
Italian	O
and	O
Polish	O
using	O
only	O
the	O
Serbo-Croatian	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
a	O
proposed	O
variant	O
of	O
new	O
Slovene	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
,	O
which	O
would	O
remove	O
Ć	O
and	O
Đ	O
from	O
top	O
layout	O
and	O
add	O
@	O
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
Serbian	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
Cyrillic	O
keyboard	B-Device
variant	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
and	O
are	O
replaced	O
with	O
Љ	O
(	O
Lj	O
)	O
and	O
Њ	O
(	O
Nj	O
)	O
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
Apple	O
keyboards	B-Device
for	O
Croatian	O
are	O
QWERTY	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
layout	O
of	O
the	O
Swiss	O
keyboard	B-Device
is	O
established	O
by	O
the	O
national	O
standard	O
SN	O
074021:1999	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
actual	O
keyboards	B-Device
have	O
the	O
keys	O
engraved	O
for	O
both	O
variations	O
;	O
the	O
difference	O
is	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
driver	O
(	O
software	O
)	O
settings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
Windows	O
,	O
Swiss	O
German	O
does	O
not	O
include	O
the	O
esszett	O
( ß	O
)	O
ligature	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
only	O
used	O
in	O
Germany	O
and	O
Austria	O
,	O
meaning	O
that	O
that	O
letter	O
is	O
unimportant	O
in	O
Switzerland	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
therefore	O
not	O
found	O
on	O
the	O
keyboard	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
Windows	O
,	O
Swiss	O
French	O
does	O
not	O
include	O
the	O
ù	O
accent	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
only	O
used	O
in	O
France	O
and	O
Belgium	O
(	O
even	O
though	O
it	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
Italian	O
)	O
,	O
meaning	O
that	O
that	O
letter	O
is	O
unimportant	O
in	O
Switzerland	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
therefore	O
not	O
found	O
on	O
the	O
keyboard	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
German	O
keyboard	B-Device
uses	O
German	O
labels	O
for	O
its	O
keys	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
instead	O
of	O
)	O
,	O
Swiss	O
keyboards	B-Device
use	O
the	O
English	O
abbreviations	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
neutral	O
"	O
solution	O
,	O
as	O
they	O
are	O
used	O
for	O
all	O
the	O
national	O
languages	O
of	O
Switzerland	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Luxembourg	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
of	O
its	O
own	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Public	O
education	O
and	O
administration	O
use	O
the	O
Swiss-French	O
keyboard	B-Device
which	O
also	O
represents	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
standard	O
keyboard	B-Device
layout	O
for	O
Luxembourg	O
,	O
while	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
private	O
sector	O
prefer	O
the	O
Belgian	O
layout	O
.	O
</s>
