<s>
Psion	B-Application
PLC	I-Application
was	O
a	O
designer	O
and	O
manufacturer	O
of	O
mobile	O
handheld	O
computers	O
for	O
commercial	O
and	O
industrial	O
uses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
's	O
operational	O
business	O
was	O
formed	O
in	O
September	O
2000	O
from	O
a	O
merger	O
of	O
Psion	B-Application
and	O
Canadian-based	O
Teklogix	O
Inc.	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
a	O
global	O
provider	O
of	O
solutions	O
for	O
mobile	O
computing	O
and	O
wireless	O
data	O
collection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Group	O
's	O
products	O
and	O
services	O
included	O
rugged	O
mobile	O
hardware	O
,	O
secure	O
software	O
and	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
networks	I-General_Concept
,	O
professional	O
services	O
,	O
and	O
support	O
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
worked	O
with	O
its	O
clients	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
burgeoning	O
technologies	O
,	O
including	O
imaging	O
,	O
voice	B-Application
recognition	I-Application
,	O
and	O
radio-frequency	B-Application
identification	I-Application
(	O
RFID	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Formed	O
in	O
1980	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
first	O
achieved	O
success	O
as	O
a	O
consumer	O
hardware	O
company	O
that	O
developed	O
the	O
Psion	B-Application
Organiser	I-Application
and	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
more	O
sophisticated	O
clamshell	O
personal	B-Application
digital	I-Application
assistants	I-Application
(	O
PDAs	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
either	O
closed	O
or	O
disposed	O
of	O
all	O
its	O
prior	O
operations	O
and	O
then	O
focused	O
on	O
rugged	O
mobile	O
computing	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Motorola	O
Solutions	O
announced	O
in	O
June	O
2012	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
agreed	O
to	O
acquire	O
Psion	B-Application
for	O
$200	O
million	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
was	O
established	O
in	O
1980	O
as	O
a	O
software	O
house	O
with	O
a	O
close	O
relationship	O
with	O
Sinclair	O
Research	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
developed	O
games	O
and	O
other	O
software	O
for	O
the	O
ZX81	O
and	O
ZX	B-Operating_System
Spectrum	I-Operating_System
home	O
computers	O
,	O
released	O
under	O
the	O
Sinclair/Psion	O
brand	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
's	O
games	O
for	O
the	O
ZX	B-Operating_System
Spectrum	I-Operating_System
included	O
Chess	O
,	O
Chequered	B-Application
Flag	I-Application
,	O
Flight	B-Application
Simulation	I-Application
and	O
the	O
Horace	B-Application
series	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
Chess	O
was	O
later	O
ported	O
to	O
other	O
platforms	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
early	O
Macintosh	O
in	O
1984	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Early	O
software	O
releases	O
for	O
the	O
ZX	B-Operating_System
Spectrum	I-Operating_System
included	O
titles	O
such	O
as	O
VU-Calc	O
,	O
VU-File	O
and	O
VU-3D	B-Application
along	O
with	O
dozens	O
of	O
other	O
titles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
acronym	O
PSI	O
was	O
already	O
in	O
use	O
elsewhere	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
so	O
"	O
ON	O
"	O
was	O
added	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
name	O
PSION	B-Application
unique	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
1983	O
,	O
Sinclair	O
approached	O
Psion	B-Application
regarding	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
a	O
suite	O
of	O
office	O
applications	O
for	O
the	O
forthcoming	O
Sinclair	B-Device
QL	I-Device
personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
were	O
already	O
working	O
on	O
a	O
project	O
in	O
this	O
area	O
and	O
the	O
QL	O
was	O
launched	O
in	O
1984	O
,	O
bundled	O
with	O
Quill	O
,	O
Archive	O
,	O
Abacus	O
and	O
Easel	O
;	O
respectively	O
a	O
word	B-General_Concept
processor	I-General_Concept
,	O
database	O
,	O
spreadsheet	B-Application
,	O
and	O
business	O
graphics	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
were	O
later	O
ported	O
to	O
DOS	B-Device
and	O
were	O
made	O
available	O
for	O
the	O
IBM	O
PC	O
and	O
ACT	O
Sirius	O
and	O
Apricot	O
computers	O
,	O
collectively	O
called	O
PC-Four	O
,	O
or	O
Xchange	O
in	O
an	O
enhanced	O
version	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1984	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
first	O
entered	O
the	O
hardware	O
market	O
with	O
the	O
Psion	B-Application
Organiser	I-Application
,	O
an	O
early	O
handheld	O
computer	O
,	O
in	O
appearance	O
resembling	O
a	O
pocket	O
calculator	O
with	O
an	O
alphanumeric	O
computer	B-Device
keyboard	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1986	O
,	O
the	O
vastly	O
improved	O
Psion	B-Application
Organiser	I-Application
II	O
was	O
released	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
assembled	O
by	O
Speedboard	O
Assembly	O
Services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
success	O
led	O
the	O
company	O
into	O
a	O
decade	O
long	O
period	O
of	O
Psion	B-Application
Computer	O
and	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
included	O
the	O
simple-to-use	O
Open	B-Language
Programming	I-Language
Language	I-Language
(	O
OPL	O
)	O
for	O
database	O
programming	O
,	O
which	O
sparked	O
a	O
large	O
independent	O
software	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1987	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
began	O
developing	O
its	O
SIxteen	O
Bit	O
Organiser	O
(	O
SIBO	O
)	O
family	O
of	O
devices	O
and	O
its	O
own	O
new	O
multitasking	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
named	O
EPOC	B-Language
,	O
to	O
run	O
its	O
third	O
generation	O
product	O
,	O
Laptops	O
(	O
MC	O
)	O
,	O
industrial	O
handhelds	O
(	O
HC	O
and	O
Workabout	O
)	O
and	O
PDA	B-Application
(	O
Series	O
3	O
)	O
products	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
often	O
rumoured	O
that	O
EPOC	B-Language
stands	O
for	O
"	O
Electronic	B-Language
Piece	I-Language
Of	I-Language
Cheese	I-Language
"	O
however	O
Colly	O
Myers	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
's	O
CEO	B-Application
from	O
founding	O
until	O
2002	O
,	O
said	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
that	O
it	O
stood	O
for	O
'	O
epoch	O
 '	O
and	O
nothing	O
more	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
development	O
effort	O
produced	O
the	O
clamshell	O
QWERTY-based	O
Psion	B-Application
Series	I-Application
3	I-Application
palmtops	O
(	O
1993	O
–	O
98	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
sold	O
in	O
the	O
hundreds	O
of	O
thousands	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Psion	B-Application
MC-series	O
laptops	O
,	O
which	O
sold	O
poorly	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
DOS-based	O
laptops	O
of	O
the	O
era	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
second	O
effort	O
,	O
dubbed	O
Project	O
Protea	O
,	O
produced	O
the	O
Psion	B-Application
Series	I-Application
5	I-Application
for	O
sale	O
in	O
1997	O
,	O
a	O
completely	O
new	O
product	O
from	O
the	O
32-bit	O
hardware	O
upwards	O
through	O
the	O
OS	O
,	O
UI	O
,	O
and	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
still	O
remembered	O
for	O
its	O
high	O
quality	O
keyboard	B-Device
which	O
,	O
despite	O
its	O
size	O
,	O
allowed	O
for	O
touch-typing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
new	O
feel	O
of	O
the	O
product	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
removal	O
of	O
certain	O
familiar	O
quirks	O
,	O
alienated	O
loyal	O
Series	O
3	O
users	O
,	O
who	O
tended	O
to	O
stick	O
with	O
their	O
PDAs	B-Application
rather	O
than	O
upgrade	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1999	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
released	O
the	O
Psion	B-Application
Series	I-Application
7	I-Application
,	O
which	O
was	O
much	O
like	O
a	O
larger	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
Series	B-Application
5	I-Application
,	O
but	O
with	O
a	O
double-size	O
VGA-resolution	O
screen	O
that	O
featured	O
256	O
colours	O
(	O
the	O
Series	B-Application
5	I-Application
had	O
a	O
half-VGA	O
screen	O
with	O
16	O
grey	O
shades	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
the	O
very	O
similar	O
Psion	B-Application
netBook	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
was	O
being	O
challenged	O
by	O
the	O
arrival	O
of	O
cheaper	O
PDAs	B-Application
such	O
as	O
the	O
Palm	B-Device
Pilot	I-Device
,	O
and	O
PocketPCs	O
running	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
CE	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
in	O
2003	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
released	O
a	O
Netbook	B-Device
Pro	O
running	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
CE	I-Operating_System
.NET	O
4.2	O
instead	O
of	O
EPOC	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
32-bit	O
EPOC	B-Language
developed	O
by	O
Project	O
Protea	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
eventual	O
formation	O
of	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
Ltd	O
.	O
in	O
June	O
1998	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
Nokia	O
,	O
Ericsson	O
and	O
Motorola	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OS	O
was	O
renamed	O
the	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
Operating	I-Operating_System
System	I-Operating_System
and	O
was	O
envisioned	O
as	O
the	O
base	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
range	O
of	O
smartphones	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
gave	O
130	O
key	O
staff	O
to	O
the	O
new	O
company	O
and	O
retained	O
a	O
31%	O
shareholding	O
in	O
the	O
spun-out	O
business	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
powered	O
around	O
125	O
million	O
mobile	O
phones	O
,	O
including	O
many	O
Nokia	O
models	O
and	O
the	O
Sony	B-Language
Ericsson	I-Language
P900	I-Language
series	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
had	O
previously	O
sought	O
to	O
expand	O
into	O
mobile	O
telephony	O
itself	O
,	O
having	O
engaged	O
in	O
talks	O
to	O
acquire	O
Amstrad	O
mainly	O
for	O
its	O
Dancall	O
subsidiary	O
in	O
1996	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
setback	O
left	O
Psion	B-Application
promising	O
"	O
to	O
introduce	O
GSM-based	O
products	O
during	O
1997	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Meanwhile	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
did	O
license	O
EPOC	B-Language
to	O
Digital	O
Equipment	O
Corporation	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
system	O
could	O
be	O
ported	O
to	O
Digital	O
's	O
StrongARM	B-Device
processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
development	O
of	O
new	O
and	O
updated	O
products	O
by	O
Psion	B-Application
slowed	O
after	O
the	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
spin-off	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
products	O
failed	O
or	O
had	O
limited	O
success	O
—	O
a	O
Psion	B-Application
Siemens	O
 '	O
GSM	O
device	O
,	O
a	O
Series	B-Application
5	I-Application
based	O
STB	O
,	O
the	O
Wavefinder	B-Device
DAB	O
radio	O
,	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
add	O
Dragon	O
's	O
speech	B-Application
recognition	I-Application
software	I-Application
to	O
a	O
PDA	B-Application
,	O
Ericsson	O
cancelled	O
a	O
Series	O
5MX	O
derived	O
smartphone	B-Application
project	O
in	O
2001	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
had	O
sold	O
its	O
sole	O
manufacturing	O
plant	O
in	O
1999	O
and	O
started	O
to	O
withdraw	O
from	O
its	O
PDA	B-Application
markets	O
in	O
late	O
2001	O
,	O
shedding	O
250	O
of	O
1,200	O
staff	O
and	O
writing-off	O
£40	O
million	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PDA	B-Application
,	O
which	O
was	O
once	O
a	O
niche	O
market	O
,	O
had	O
become	O
a	O
global	O
horizontal	O
marketplace	O
where	O
it	O
was	O
difficult	O
for	O
Psion	B-Application
to	O
compete	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
final	O
blow	O
for	O
Psion	B-Application
's	O
Organiser	O
and	O
PDA	B-Application
business	O
came	O
in	O
January	O
2001	O
when	O
Motorola	O
pulled	O
out	O
of	O
a	O
joint	O
project	O
with	O
Psion	B-Application
,	O
Samsung	O
,	O
and	O
Parthus	O
,	O
to	O
create	O
"	O
Odin	O
"	O
,	O
an	O
ARM-based	O
PDA-phone	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2000	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
acquired	O
Teklogix	O
in	O
Canada	O
for	O
£240	O
million	O
,	O
and	O
merged	O
its	O
business-to-business	O
division	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
Enterprise	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
newly	O
acquired	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Teklogix	O
was	O
rebranded	O
Psion	B-Application
Teklogix	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
division	O
now	O
forms	O
the	O
core	O
of	O
Psion	B-Application
Plc	I-Application
's	O
business	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2002	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
launched	O
the	O
Psion	B-Application
Software	O
division	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
business	O
developed	O
push	B-General_Concept
email	I-General_Concept
solutions	O
for	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
smartphones	B-Application
,	O
Microsoft	O
Exchange	O
and	O
Lotus	O
Notes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2004	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
disposed	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
remaining	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
shareholding	O
to	O
Nokia	O
,	O
as	O
they	O
no	O
longer	O
regarded	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
core	O
part	O
of	O
their	O
strategy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
its	O
last	O
years	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
made	O
tailored	O
and	O
customized	O
modular	O
variants	O
of	O
its	O
products	O
through	O
its	O
online	O
community	O
,	O
Ingenuity	O
Working	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Motorola	O
Solutions	O
announced	O
in	O
June	O
2012	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
agreed	O
to	O
acquire	O
Psion	B-Application
for	O
$200	O
million	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
registered	O
the	O
trademark	O
Netbook	B-Device
in	O
various	O
territories	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
and	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
applied	O
for	O
on	O
18	O
December	O
1996	O
and	O
registered	O
by	O
USPTO	O
on	O
21	O
November	O
2000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
used	O
this	O
trademark	O
for	O
the	O
Psion	B-Application
netBook	I-Application
product	O
,	O
discontinued	O
in	O
November	O
2003	O
,	O
and	O
from	O
October	O
2003	O
,	O
the	O
NETBOOK	B-Device
PRO	O
,	O
later	O
also	O
discontinued	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Intel	O
started	O
using	O
the	O
term	O
netbook	B-Device
in	O
March	O
2008	O
as	O
a	O
generic	O
term	O
to	O
describe	O
"	O
small	O
laptops	O
that	O
are	O
designed	O
for	O
wireless	O
communication	O
and	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
Internet	O
"	O
,	O
believing	O
they	O
were	O
"	O
not	O
offering	O
a	O
branded	O
line	O
of	O
computers	O
here	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
see	O
no	O
naming	O
conflict	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
growing	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
term	O
,	O
on	O
23	O
December	O
2008	O
Psion	B-Application
Teklogix	I-Application
sent	O
cease	O
and	O
desist	O
letters	O
to	O
various	O
parties	O
including	O
enthusiast	O
website(s )	O
demanding	O
they	O
no	O
longer	O
use	O
the	O
term	O
"	O
netbook	B-Device
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
2009	O
,	O
Intel	O
sued	O
Psion	B-Application
Teklogix	I-Application
(	O
US	O
&	O
Canada	O
)	O
and	O
Psion	B-Application
(	O
UK	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
Federal	O
Court	O
,	O
seeking	O
a	O
cancellation	O
of	O
the	O
trademark	O
and	O
an	O
order	O
enjoining	O
Psion	B-Application
from	O
asserting	O
any	O
trademark	O
rights	O
in	O
the	O
term	O
"	O
netbook	B-Device
"	O
,	O
a	O
declarative	O
judgement	O
regarding	O
their	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
term	O
,	O
attorneys	O
 '	O
fees	O
,	O
costs	O
and	O
disbursements	O
and	O
"	O
such	O
other	O
and	O
further	O
relief	O
as	O
the	O
Court	O
deems	O
just	O
and	O
proper	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
suit	O
was	O
settled	O
out	O
of	O
court	O
,	O
and	O
on	O
June	O
2	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
the	O
company	O
was	O
withdrawing	O
all	O
of	O
its	O
trademark	O
registrations	O
for	O
the	O
term	O
"	O
Netbook	B-Device
"	O
and	O
that	O
Psion	B-Application
agreed	O
to	O
"	O
waive	O
all	O
its	O
rights	O
against	O
third	O
parties	O
in	O
respect	O
of	O
past	O
,	O
current	O
or	O
future	O
use	O
"	O
of	O
the	O
term	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psion	B-Application
had	O
a	O
lengthy	O
,	O
but	O
distant	O
,	O
interest	O
in	O
Linux	B-Application
as	O
an	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
on	O
its	O
electronic	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1998	O
,	O
it	O
supported	O
the	O
Linux7K	O
project	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
initiated	O
by	O
Ed	O
Bailey	O
at	O
Red	O
Hat	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
to	O
port	O
Linux	B-Application
to	O
its	O
Series	B-Application
5	I-Application
personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
was	O
named	O
after	O
the	O
Cirrus	O
Logic	O
PS-7110	O
chip	O
of	O
the	O
Series	B-Application
5	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
this	O
project	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
earliest	O
attempts	O
to	O
port	O
Linux	B-Application
to	O
a	O
handheld	O
computer	O
,	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
come	O
to	O
fruition	O
for	O
Psion	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
soon	O
transitioned	O
to	O
an	O
informal	O
open-source	B-Application
software	I-Application
project	O
at	O
Calcaria.net	O
that	O
kept	O
the	O
name	O
Linux7K	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
project	O
transitioned	O
again	O
to	O
sourceforge.net,	O
the	O
project	O
's	O
name	O
was	O
changed	O
to	O
a	O
more	O
general	O
name	O
PsiLinux	B-Application
,	O
and	O
later	O
to	O
OpenPsion	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
has	O
developed	O
Linux	B-Application
kernels	B-Operating_System
and	O
file	B-Application
systems	I-Application
for	O
the	O
Revo	B-Application
,	O
Series	B-Application
5	I-Application
and	I-Application
5MX	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Series	B-Application
7	I-Application
and	I-Application
netBook	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2003	O
–	O
4	O
,	O
Psion	B-Application
Teklogix	I-Application
and	O
its	O
founder	O
David	O
Potter	O
expressed	O
interest	O
in	O
Linux	B-Application
as	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
for	O
its	O
devices	O
as	O
it	O
divested	O
from	O
Symbian	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
result	O
of	O
that	O
interest	O
was	O
Linux	B-Application
as	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
on	O
a	O
limited	O
number	O
of	O
custom	O
NetBook	B-Device
Pros	O
designed	O
for	O
a	O
hospital	O
setting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Embeddable	B-Application
Linux	I-Application
Kernel	I-Application
Subset	I-Application
project	O
has	O
produced	O
a	O
small	O
subset	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
that	O
runs	O
on	O
Psion	B-Application
Series	I-Application
3	I-Application
PDAs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
these	O
PDAs	B-Application
except	O
the	O
Psion	B-Application
netpad	B-Device
have	O
a	O
small	O
keyboard	B-Device
,	O
which	O
excepting	O
the	O
Organiser	O
,	O
HC	O
and	O
Workabout	O
was	O
of	O
the	O
standard	O
QWERTY	O
layout	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
regional	O
variation	O
thereof	O
.	O
</s>
