<s>
Process-oriented	B-Application
programming	I-Application
is	O
a	O
programming	O
paradigm	O
that	O
separates	O
the	O
concerns	O
of	O
data	O
structures	O
and	O
the	O
concurrent	B-Operating_System
processes	O
that	O
act	O
upon	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Programs	O
are	O
functionally	O
decomposed	O
into	O
parallel	O
processes	O
that	O
create	O
and	O
act	O
upon	O
logically	O
shared	B-Operating_System
data	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
paradigm	O
was	O
originally	O
invented	O
for	O
parallel	B-Operating_System
computers	I-Operating_System
in	O
the	O
1980s	O
,	O
especially	O
computers	O
built	O
with	O
transputer	B-General_Concept
microprocessors	O
by	O
INMOS	O
,	O
or	O
similar	O
architectures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Occam	B-Language
was	O
an	O
early	O
process-oriented	O
language	O
developed	O
for	O
the	O
Transputer	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
derivations	O
have	O
evolved	O
from	O
the	O
message	B-Architecture
passing	I-Architecture
paradigm	O
of	O
Occam	B-Language
to	O
enable	O
uniform	O
efficiency	O
when	O
porting	O
applications	O
between	O
distributed	B-Operating_System
memory	I-Operating_System
and	O
shared	B-Operating_System
memory	I-Operating_System
parallel	B-Operating_System
computers	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
such	O
derived	O
example	O
appears	O
in	O
the	O
programming	O
language	O
Ease	B-Operating_System
designed	O
at	O
Yale	O
University	O
in	O
1990	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Similar	O
models	O
have	O
appeared	O
since	O
in	O
the	O
loose	O
combination	O
of	O
SQL	O
databases	O
and	O
objected	O
oriented	O
languages	O
such	O
as	O
Java	B-Language
,	O
often	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
object-relational	O
models	O
and	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
large	O
scale	O
distributed	O
systems	O
today	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
paradigm	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
appear	O
on	O
desktop	O
computers	O
as	O
microprocessors	O
increase	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
processors	O
(	O
multicore	B-Architecture
)	O
per	O
chip	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Actor	B-Application
model	I-Application
might	O
usefully	O
be	O
described	O
as	O
a	O
specialized	O
kind	O
of	O
process-oriented	O
system	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
message-passing	B-Architecture
model	O
is	O
restricted	O
to	O
the	O
simple	O
fixed	O
case	O
of	O
one	O
infinite	O
input	B-General_Concept
queue	I-General_Concept
per	O
process	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
