<s>
A	O
problem	B-General_Concept
solving	I-General_Concept
environment	I-General_Concept
(	O
PSE	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
completed	O
,	O
integrated	O
and	O
specialised	O
computer	O
software	O
for	O
solving	O
one	O
class	O
of	O
problems	O
,	O
combining	O
automated	O
problem-solving	O
methods	O
with	O
human-oriented	O
tools	O
for	O
guiding	O
the	O
problem	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
use	O
the	O
language	O
of	O
the	O
respective	O
field	O
and	O
often	O
employ	O
modern	O
graphical	B-Application
user	I-Application
interfaces	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
goal	O
is	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
software	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
for	O
specialists	O
in	O
fields	O
other	O
than	O
computer	B-General_Concept
science	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
PSEs	O
are	O
available	O
for	O
generic	O
problems	O
like	O
data	B-Application
visualization	I-Application
or	O
large	O
systems	O
of	O
equations	O
and	O
for	O
narrow	O
fields	O
of	O
science	O
or	O
engineering	O
like	O
gas	O
turbine	O
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Problem	B-General_Concept
Solving	I-General_Concept
Environment	I-General_Concept
(	O
PSE	O
)	O
released	O
a	O
few	O
years	O
after	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
Fortran	B-Application
and	O
Algol	B-Language
60	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
People	O
thought	O
that	O
this	O
system	O
with	O
high-level	B-Language
language	I-Language
would	O
cause	O
elimination	O
of	O
professional	O
programmers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Problem	B-General_Concept
Solving	I-General_Concept
Environment	I-General_Concept
for	O
Parallel	O
Scientific	O
Computation	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
1960	O
,	O
where	O
this	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
Organised	O
Collections	O
with	O
minor	O
standardisation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1970	O
,	O
PSE	O
was	O
initially	O
researched	O
for	O
providing	O
high-class	O
programming	O
language	O
rather	O
than	O
Fortran	B-Application
,	O
also	O
Libraries	O
Plotting	O
Packages	O
advent	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Development	O
of	O
Libraries	O
were	O
continued	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
were	O
introduction	O
of	O
Emergence	O
of	O
Computational	O
Packages	O
and	O
Graphical	O
systems	O
which	O
is	O
data	B-Application
visualisation	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Grid	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
is	O
seen	O
as	O
a	O
solution	O
to	O
the	O
rescue	O
issues	O
of	O
PSEs	O
for	O
mobile	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Given	O
this	O
architecture	O
,	O
PSE	O
Park	O
requires	O
a	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
environment	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
enormous	O
data	O
sharing	O
that	O
occurs	O
during	O
PSE	O
use	O
and	O
development	O
.	O
</s>
