<s>
A	O
probabilistic	B-Algorithm
neural	I-Algorithm
network	I-Algorithm
(	O
PNN	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
feedforward	B-Algorithm
neural	I-Algorithm
network	I-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
is	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
classification	O
and	O
pattern	O
recognition	O
problems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
PNN	O
algorithm	O
,	O
the	O
parent	O
probability	O
distribution	O
function	O
(	O
PDF	O
)	O
of	O
each	O
class	O
is	O
approximated	O
by	O
a	O
Parzen	B-General_Concept
window	I-General_Concept
and	O
a	O
non-parametric	O
function	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
type	O
of	O
artificial	B-Architecture
neural	I-Architecture
network	I-Architecture
(	O
ANN	O
)	O
was	O
derived	O
from	O
the	O
Bayesian	O
network	O
and	O
a	O
statistical	O
algorithm	O
called	O
Kernel	B-General_Concept
Fisher	I-General_Concept
discriminant	I-General_Concept
analysis	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
standardizes	O
the	O
range	O
of	O
the	O
values	O
by	O
subtracting	O
the	O
median	O
and	O
dividing	O
by	O
the	O
interquartile	B-General_Concept
range	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
hidden	O
neuron	O
computes	O
the	O
Euclidean	O
distance	O
of	O
the	O
test	O
case	O
from	O
the	O
neuron	O
's	O
center	O
point	O
and	O
then	O
applies	O
the	O
radial	B-Algorithm
basis	I-Algorithm
function	I-Algorithm
kernel	I-Algorithm
using	O
the	O
sigma	O
values	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
several	O
advantages	O
and	O
disadvantages	O
using	O
PNN	O
instead	O
of	O
multilayer	B-Algorithm
perceptron	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
PNNs	O
are	O
much	O
faster	O
than	O
multilayer	B-Algorithm
perceptron	I-Algorithm
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PNNs	O
can	O
be	O
more	O
accurate	O
than	O
multilayer	B-Algorithm
perceptron	I-Algorithm
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PNN	O
are	O
slower	O
than	O
multilayer	B-Algorithm
perceptron	I-Algorithm
networks	O
at	O
classifying	O
new	O
cases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
probabilistic	B-Algorithm
neural	I-Algorithm
networks	I-Algorithm
in	O
modelling	O
structural	O
deterioration	O
of	O
stormwater	O
pipes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
probabilistic	B-Algorithm
neural	I-Algorithm
networks	I-Algorithm
method	O
to	O
gastric	O
endoscope	O
samples	O
diagnosis	O
based	O
on	O
FTIR	O
spectroscopy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Application	O
of	O
probabilistic	B-Algorithm
neural	I-Algorithm
networks	I-Algorithm
to	O
population	O
pharmacokineties	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Probabilistic	B-Algorithm
Neural	I-Algorithm
Networks	I-Algorithm
to	O
the	O
Class	O
Prediction	O
of	O
Leukemia	O
and	O
Embryonal	O
Tumor	O
of	O
Central	O
Nervous	O
System	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ship	O
Identification	O
Using	O
Probabilistic	B-Algorithm
Neural	I-Algorithm
Networks	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Probabilistic	B-Algorithm
Neural	I-Algorithm
Network	I-Algorithm
in	O
character	O
recognizing	O
.	O
</s>
