<s>
A	O
press	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
medium	O
or	O
large	O
format	O
view	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
that	O
was	O
predominantly	O
used	O
by	O
press	O
photographers	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
to	O
mid-20th	O
century	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
largely	O
replaced	O
for	O
press	O
photography	O
by	O
35mm	O
film	O
cameras	O
in	O
the	O
1960s	O
,	O
and	O
subsequently	O
,	O
by	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
quintessential	O
press	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
was	O
the	O
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Press	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
are	O
still	O
used	O
as	O
portable	O
and	O
rugged	O
view	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Press	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
were	O
widely	O
used	O
from	O
the	O
1900s	O
through	O
the	O
early	O
1960s	O
and	O
commonly	O
have	O
the	O
following	O
features	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Graphlex	O
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
models	O
and	O
the	O
Ihagee	O
Zweiverschluss	O
(	O
"	O
two	O
shutters	O
"	O
)	O
Duplex	O
are	O
examples	O
of	O
press	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
that	O
had	O
both	O
focal	O
plane	O
and	O
iris	O
shutters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
common	O
sheet	O
film	O
size	O
for	O
press	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
was	O
the	O
4×5inch	O
film	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
European	O
press	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Goerz	O
and	O
Van	O
Neck	O
,	O
used	O
the	O
9×12cm	O
format	O
,	O
marginally	O
smaller	O
than	O
the	O
4	O
"	O
×5	O
"	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
press	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
is	O
still	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
portable	O
medium	O
or	O
large	O
format	O
film	O
camera	O
for	O
photojournalism	O
and	O
among	O
fine	O
art	O
photographers	O
who	O
use	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
low	O
cost	O
,	O
more	O
portable	O
alternative	O
to	O
a	O
view	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
news	O
photography	O
,	O
the	O
press	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
has	O
been	O
largely	O
supplanted	O
by	O
the	O
smaller	O
formats	O
of	O
120	O
film	O
and	O
135	O
film	O
,	O
and	O
more	O
recently	O
by	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Press	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
were	O
largely	O
superseded	O
by	O
the	O
6x6cm	O
medium	O
format	O
Rolleiflex	B-Algorithm
in	O
the	O
early	O
to	O
mid-1960s	O
and	O
later	O
by	O
35mm	O
rangefinder	B-Algorithm
or	O
single-lens	B-Algorithm
reflex	I-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compared	O
to	O
view	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
,	O
press	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
do	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
range	O
of	O
swing/tilt	O
movements	O
of	O
the	O
front	O
standard	O
,	O
and	O
rarely	O
have	O
back	O
movements	O
because	O
many	O
were	O
fitted	O
with	O
focal	O
plane	O
shutters	O
.	O
</s>
