<s>
Presenter	B-Application
first	I-Application
is	O
a	O
software	O
development	O
approach	O
that	O
combines	O
the	O
ideas	O
of	O
the	O
model	O
–	O
view	O
–	O
presenter	O
(	O
MVP	O
)	O
design	O
pattern	O
,	O
test-driven	O
development	O
,	O
and	O
feature-driven	O
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Presenter	B-Application
first	I-Application
concentrates	O
on	O
transforming	O
each	O
of	O
a	O
customer	O
's	O
requirements	O
into	O
a	O
well	O
tested	O
,	O
working	O
feature	O
as	O
quickly	O
and	O
with	O
as	O
much	O
correlation	O
to	O
the	O
customer	O
's	O
story	O
language	O
(	O
requirement	O
)	O
as	O
possible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Presenter	B-Application
first	I-Application
is	O
often	O
applied	O
in	O
graphical	B-Application
user	I-Application
interface	I-Application
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
,	O
a	O
slight	O
variation	O
of	O
the	O
approach	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
effectively	O
in	O
embedded	B-Application
software	I-Application
;	O
here	O
the	O
integral	O
design	O
pattern	O
is	O
known	O
as	O
model	O
–	O
conductor	O
–	O
hardware	O
and	O
the	O
approach	O
is	O
termed	O
conductor	O
first	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
used	O
in	O
GUI	B-Application
applications	O
,	O
this	O
approach	O
allows	O
the	O
presentation	O
logic	O
and	O
business	O
logic	O
of	O
the	O
application	O
to	O
be	O
developed	O
in	O
a	O
test	O
first	O
manner	O
decoupled	O
from	O
on-screen	O
widgets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
so	O
doing	O
,	O
the	O
reliance	O
on	O
GUI	B-Application
testing	O
tools	O
to	O
perform	O
extensive	O
system	O
testing	O
can	O
be	O
reduced	O
to	O
verifying	O
basic	O
GUI	B-Application
operation	O
or	O
eliminated	O
entirely	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Presenter	B-Application
first	I-Application
starts	O
the	O
development	O
process	O
with	O
the	O
presenter	O
component	O
of	O
an	O
MVP	O
axis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Presenter	B-Application
first	I-Application
approach	O
applied	O
to	O
the	O
MVP	O
pattern	O
allows	O
the	O
vast	O
majority	O
of	O
application	O
logic	O
to	O
be	O
tested	O
under	O
automation	O
leaving	O
only	O
simple	O
on-screen	O
verification	O
testing	O
of	O
the	O
view	O
and	O
its	O
widgets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Presenter	B-Application
first	I-Application
advocates	O
breaking	O
an	O
application	O
into	O
multiple	O
MVP	O
axes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
GUI	B-Application
application	O
,	O
each	O
screen	O
,	O
dialog	O
box	O
,	O
and	O
complex	O
widget	O
is	O
represented	O
by	O
an	O
MVP	O
axis	O
(	O
its	O
functional	O
design	O
dictated	O
by	O
a	O
customer	O
story	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
