<s>
Portability	B-General_Concept
testing	I-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
determining	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
ease	O
or	O
difficulty	O
to	O
which	O
a	O
software	O
component	O
or	O
application	O
can	O
be	O
effectively	O
and	O
efficiently	O
transferred	O
from	O
one	O
hardware	O
,	O
software	O
or	O
other	O
operational	O
or	O
usage	O
environment	O
to	O
another	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
test	O
results	O
,	O
defined	O
by	O
the	O
individual	O
needs	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
,	O
are	O
some	O
measurement	O
of	O
how	O
easily	O
the	O
component	O
or	O
application	O
will	O
be	O
to	O
integrate	O
into	O
the	O
environment	O
and	O
these	O
results	O
will	O
then	O
be	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
software	O
system	O
's	O
non-functional	O
requirement	O
of	O
portability	B-Architecture
for	O
correctness	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
multiple	O
subsystems	O
share	O
components	O
of	O
a	O
larger	O
system	O
,	O
portability	B-General_Concept
testing	I-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
help	O
prevent	O
propagation	O
of	O
errors	O
throughout	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Changing	O
or	O
upgrading	O
to	O
a	O
newer	O
system	O
,	O
adapting	O
to	O
a	O
new	O
interface	O
or	O
interfacing	O
a	O
new	O
system	O
in	O
an	O
existing	O
environment	O
are	O
all	O
problems	O
that	O
software	O
systems	O
with	O
longevity	O
will	O
face	O
sooner	O
or	O
later	O
and	O
properly	O
testing	O
the	O
environment	O
for	O
portability	B-Architecture
can	O
save	O
on	O
overall	O
cost	O
throughout	O
the	O
life	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
general	O
guideline	O
for	O
portability	B-General_Concept
testing	I-General_Concept
is	O
that	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
done	O
if	O
the	O
software	O
system	O
is	O
designed	O
to	O
move	O
from	O
one	O
hardware	O
platform	O
,	O
operating	O
system	O
,	O
or	O
web	O
browser	O
to	O
another	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Video	O
Games	O
or	O
other	O
graphic	O
intensive	O
software	O
intended	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
OpenGL	O
and	O
DirectX	O
API	B-Application
's	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
four	O
testing	O
attributes	O
included	O
in	O
portability	B-General_Concept
testing	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ISO	O
9126	O
(	O
1991	O
)	O
standard	O
breaks	O
down	O
portability	B-General_Concept
testing	I-General_Concept
attributes	O
as	O
Installability	O
,	O
Compatibility	O
,	O
Adaptability	O
and	O
Replaceability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ISO	O
29119	O
(	O
2013	O
)	O
standard	O
describes	O
Portability	B-Architecture
with	O
the	O
attributes	O
of	O
Compatibility	O
,	O
Installability	O
,	O
Interoperability	O
and	O
Localization	O
testing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adaptability	B-General_Concept
testing	I-General_Concept
-	O
Functional	O
test	O
to	O
verify	O
that	O
the	O
software	O
can	O
perform	O
all	O
of	O
its	O
intended	O
behaviors	O
in	O
each	O
of	O
the	O
target	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adaptability	O
may	O
include	O
testing	O
in	O
the	O
following	O
areas	O
:	O
hardware	B-General_Concept
dependency	I-General_Concept
,	O
software	B-Application
dependency	I-Application
,	O
representation	O
dependency	B-Application
,	O
standard	O
language	O
conformance	O
,	O
dependency	B-Application
encapsulation	I-Application
and/or	O
text	O
convertibility	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compatibility/	B-General_Concept
Co-existence	I-General_Concept
-	O
Testing	O
the	O
compatibility	O
of	O
multiple	O
,	O
unrelated	O
software	O
systems	O
to	O
co-exist	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
environment	O
,	O
without	O
effecting	O
each	O
other	O
’s	O
behavior	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
if	O
2	O
sub-systems	O
share	O
memory	O
or	O
a	O
stack	B-Application
,	O
an	O
error	O
in	O
one	O
could	O
propagate	O
to	O
the	O
other	O
and	O
in	O
some	O
cases	O
cause	O
complete	O
failure	O
of	O
the	O
entire	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
