<s>
Polypyrrole	B-Algorithm
(	O
PPy	B-Algorithm
)	O
is	O
an	O
organic	O
polymer	O
obtained	O
by	O
oxidative	O
polymerization	O
of	O
pyrrole	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
an	O
intrinsically	O
conducting	B-Algorithm
polymer	I-Algorithm
,	O
used	O
in	O
electronics	O
,	O
optical	O
,	O
biological	O
and	O
medical	O
fields	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
examples	O
of	O
PPy	B-Algorithm
were	O
reported	O
in	O
1919	O
by	O
Angeli	O
and	O
Pieroni	O
,	O
who	O
reported	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
pyrrole	B-Algorithm
blacks	I-Algorithm
from	O
pyrrole	O
magnesium	O
bromide	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Work	O
on	O
conductive	B-Algorithm
polymers	I-Algorithm
including	O
polypyrrole	B-Algorithm
,	O
polythiophene	B-Algorithm
,	O
polyaniline	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
polyacetylene	B-Language
was	O
awarded	O
the	O
Nobel	O
Prize	O
in	O
Chemistry	O
in	O
2000	O
to	O
Alan	O
J	O
.	O
Heeger	O
,	O
Alan	O
G	O
.	O
MacDiarmid	O
and	O
Hideki	O
Shirakawa	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Different	O
methods	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
synthesize	O
PPy	B-Algorithm
,	O
but	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
are	O
electrochemical	O
synthesis	O
and	O
chemical	O
oxidation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Conductive	O
forms	O
of	O
PPy	B-Algorithm
are	O
prepared	O
by	O
oxidation	O
(	O
"	O
p-doping	O
"	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
polymer	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
resulting	O
conductive	B-Algorithm
polymer	I-Algorithm
are	O
peeled	O
off	O
of	O
the	O
anode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cyclic	O
voltammetry	O
and	O
chronocoulometry	O
methods	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
electrochemical	O
synthesis	O
of	O
polypyrrole	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Films	O
of	O
PPy	B-Algorithm
are	O
yellow	O
but	O
darken	O
in	O
the	O
air	O
due	O
to	O
some	O
oxidation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PPy	B-Algorithm
is	O
described	O
as	O
"	O
quasi-unidimensional	O
"	O
vs	O
one-dimensional	O
since	O
there	O
is	O
some	O
crosslinking	O
and	O
chain	O
hopping	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PPy	B-Algorithm
is	O
an	O
insulator	O
,	O
but	O
its	O
oxidized	O
derivatives	O
are	O
good	O
electrical	O
conductors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
surface	O
of	O
polypyrrole	B-Algorithm
films	O
present	O
fractal	B-Application
properties	O
and	O
ionic	O
diffusion	O
through	O
them	O
show	O
anomalous	O
diffusion	O
pattern	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PPy	B-Algorithm
and	O
related	O
conductive	B-Algorithm
polymers	I-Algorithm
have	O
two	O
main	O
application	O
in	O
electronic	O
devices	O
and	O
for	O
chemical	O
sensors	O
and	O
electrochemical	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PPy	B-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
potential	O
vehicle	O
for	O
drug	O
delivery	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Polypyrrole	B-Algorithm
has	O
been	O
investigated	O
as	O
a	O
catalyst	O
support	O
for	O
fuel	O
cells	O
and	O
to	O
sensitize	O
cathode	O
electrocatalysts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Together	O
with	O
other	O
conjugated	O
polymers	O
such	O
as	O
polyaniline	B-Algorithm
,	O
poly(ethylenedioxythiophene )	O
etc.	O
,	O
polypyrrole	B-Algorithm
has	O
been	O
studied	O
as	O
a	O
material	O
for	O
"	O
artificial	O
muscles	O
"	O
,	O
a	O
technology	O
that	O
offers	O
advantages	O
relative	O
to	O
traditional	O
motor	O
actuating	O
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Polypyrrole	B-Algorithm
was	O
used	O
to	O
coat	O
silica	O
and	O
reverse	O
phase	O
silica	O
to	O
yield	O
a	O
material	O
capable	O
of	O
anion	O
exchange	O
and	O
exhibiting	O
hydrophobic	O
interactions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Polypyrrole	B-Algorithm
was	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
microwave	O
fabrication	O
of	O
multiwalled	O
carbon	O
nanotubes	O
,	O
a	O
rapid	O
method	O
to	O
grow	O
CNT	O
's	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
water-resistant	O
polyurethane	O
sponge	O
coated	O
with	O
a	O
thin	O
layer	O
of	O
polypyrrole	B-Algorithm
absorbs	O
20	O
times	O
its	O
weight	O
in	O
oil	O
and	O
is	O
reusable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
wet-spun	O
polypyrrole	B-Algorithm
fibre	O
can	O
be	O
prepared	O
chemical	O
polymerization	O
pyrrole	O
and	O
DEHS	O
as	O
dopant	O
.	O
</s>
