<s>
The	O
PlayStation	B-Operating_System
Portable	I-Operating_System
's	O
hardware	O
consists	O
of	O
the	O
physical	O
components	O
of	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Operating_System
Portable	I-Operating_System
(	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
)	O
and	O
its	O
accessories	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
was	O
designed	O
by	O
for	O
the	O
Sony	O
Computer	O
Entertainment	O
subsidiary	O
of	O
Sony	O
Corporation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Early	O
models	O
pre-installed	O
with	O
1.xx	O
firmware	O
were	O
made	O
in	O
Japan	O
but	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
cut	O
costs	O
,	O
Sony	O
has	O
farmed	O
out	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
production	O
to	O
non-Japanese	O
manufacturers	O
,	O
mainly	O
in	O
China	O
for	O
units	O
pre-installed	O
with	O
firmware	O
version	O
2.00	O
and	O
above	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Samsung	B-Application
(	O
previously	O
Sharp	O
)	O
branded	O
TFT	B-Device
LCD	I-Device
screen	O
measures	O
110mm	O
(	O
4.3in	O
)	O
diagonal	O
with	O
a	O
16:9	O
ratio	O
and	O
a	O
480×272	O
pixel	O
resolution	O
capable	O
of	O
16.77	O
million	O
colors	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
brightness	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
115	O
(	O
battery	O
powered	O
)	O
or	O
148	O
cd/m2	O
(	O
AC	O
powered	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
uses	O
a	O
drive	O
compatible	O
with	O
Sony	O
's	O
proprietary	O
Universal	O
Media	O
Disc	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
its	O
movie	O
and	O
music	O
playback	O
capabilities	O
,	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
has	O
primarily	O
gaming-oriented	O
controls	O
(	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
the	O
controls	O
typical	O
to	O
television	O
remotes	O
or	O
MP3	B-Application
players	O
)	O
:	O
two	O
shoulder	O
buttons	O
(	O
L	O
and	O
R	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
PlayStation	O
,	O
start	O
and	O
select	O
buttons	O
,	O
a	O
digital	O
4-directional	O
pad	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
analog	O
'	O
nub	O
 '	O
which	O
is	O
slid	O
rather	O
than	O
tilted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
's	O
default	O
battery	O
life	O
varies	O
widely	O
depending	O
on	O
application	O
from	O
less	O
than	O
3	O
hours	O
while	O
accessing	O
a	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
network	I-General_Concept
and	O
having	O
screen	O
brightness	O
on	O
its	O
highest	O
setting	O
to	O
more	O
than	O
11	O
hours	O
during	O
MP3	B-Application
playback	O
with	O
the	O
screen	O
turned	O
off	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
sleep	O
mode	O
is	O
also	O
available	O
that	O
uses	O
minimal	O
battery	O
power	O
to	O
keep	O
the	O
system	O
's	O
RAM	B-Architecture
active	O
,	O
allowing	O
for	O
"	O
instant	O
on	O
"	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP-1000	O
series	O
is	O
equipped	O
with	O
a	O
two-pin	O
docking	O
connector	O
immediately	O
below	O
the	O
AC	O
adapter	O
jack	O
for	O
easy	O
drop	O
in	O
charging	O
using	O
a	O
docking	O
station	O
that	O
was	O
to	O
be	O
sold	O
separately	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
no	O
such	O
dock	O
was	O
ever	O
released	O
by	O
Sony	O
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
are	O
absent	O
from	O
the	O
PSP-2000	O
and	O
later	O
versions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
1	O
,	O
2009	O
(	O
November	O
1	O
in	O
Japan	O
)	O
Sony	O
released	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
Go	O
,	O
a	O
redesigned	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
Go	O
features	O
a	O
sliding	O
design	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
screen	O
to	O
slide	O
up	O
past	O
the	O
main	O
controls	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
Go	O
lacks	O
a	O
UMD	O
drive	O
,	O
instead	O
containing	O
16GB	O
of	O
internal	O
memory	O
on	O
which	O
games	O
are	O
stored	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
's	O
main	O
microprocessor	O
is	O
a	O
multifunction	O
device	O
named	O
"	O
Allegrex	O
"	O
that	O
includes	O
a	O
32-bit	O
MIPS32	B-Device
R4k-based	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
(	O
Little	O
Endian	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
Floating	B-General_Concept
Point	I-General_Concept
Unit	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
a	O
Vector	B-Operating_System
Floating	I-Operating_System
Point	I-Operating_System
Unit	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
processor	O
block	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
Media	O
Engine	O
"	O
that	O
contains	O
another	O
32-bit	O
MIPS32	B-Device
R4k-base	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
,	O
hardware	O
for	O
multimedia	O
decoding	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
H.264	B-Application
)	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
programmable	O
DSP	B-Architecture
dubbed	O
"	O
Virtual	O
Mobile	O
Engine	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
secondary	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
present	O
in	O
the	O
Media	O
Engine	O
is	O
functionally	O
equivalent	O
to	O
the	O
primary	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
save	O
for	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
a	O
VPU	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
MIPS	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
cores	O
are	O
globally	O
clocked	O
between	O
1	O
and	O
333	O
MHz	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
2005	O
GDC	O
,	O
Sony	O
revealed	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
capped	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
's	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
clock	O
speed	O
at	O
222MHz	O
for	O
licensed	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
has	O
32	O
MiB	O
main	O
RAM	B-Architecture
in	O
the	O
original	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
and	O
64	O
MiB	O
in	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
2000	O
(	O
and	O
subsequent	O
series	O
)	O
and	O
4	O
MiB	O
embedded	O
DRAM	O
in	O
all	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
4	O
MiB	O
of	O
eDRAM	O
consists	O
of	O
2	O
MiB	O
dedicated	O
to	O
the	O
graphics	B-Architecture
processing	I-Architecture
unit	I-Architecture
and	O
2	O
MB	O
dedicated	O
to	O
the	O
Media	O
Engine	O
secondary	O
processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
no	O
memory	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
unit	I-General_Concept
(	O
MMU	B-General_Concept
)	O
for	O
either	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
No	O
evidence	O
of	O
a	O
TLB	B-Architecture
has	O
been	O
found	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
co-processor	O
that	O
normally	O
manages	O
the	O
TLB-based	O
MMU	B-General_Concept
seems	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
custom	O
effort	O
by	O
Sony	O
and	O
has	O
no	O
integrated	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
CPUs	O
contain	O
16	O
KiB	O
of	O
two-way	O
set	O
associative	O
instruction	O
cache	O
and	O
data	B-General_Concept
cache	I-General_Concept
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
additionally	O
16	O
KiB	O
of	O
scratchpad	O
RAM	B-Architecture
which	O
,	O
while	O
faster	O
than	O
main	O
RAM	B-Architecture
,	O
is	O
not	O
nearly	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
the	O
integrated	O
cache	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
's	O
eDRAM	O
memory	B-Architecture
chip	I-Architecture
is	O
the	O
earliest	O
known	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
three-dimensional	B-Architecture
integrated	I-Architecture
circuit	I-Architecture
(	O
3D	B-Architecture
IC	I-Architecture
)	O
chip	O
in	O
a	O
commercial	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
eDRAM	O
(	O
embedded	O
DRAM	O
)	O
memory	O
was	O
manufactured	O
by	O
Toshiba	O
in	O
a	O
3D	O
system-in-package	B-Algorithm
chip	O
with	O
two	O
integrated	O
circuit	O
(	O
IC	O
)	O
dies	O
stacked	O
vertically	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Toshiba	O
called	O
it	O
"	O
semi-embedded	O
DRAM	O
"	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
before	O
later	O
calling	O
it	O
a	O
stacked	O
"	O
chip-on-chip	B-Algorithm
"	O
(	O
CoC	O
)	O
solution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
166MHz	O
graphics	O
chip	O
has	O
2	O
MiB	O
embedded	O
memory	O
and	O
through	O
its	O
512	O
bit	O
interface	O
provides	O
hardware	O
polygon	B-General_Concept
and	O
NURBS	B-Algorithm
rendering	O
,	O
16bit	O
Depth	O
Buffer	O
,	O
Bézier	O
Surfaces	O
,	O
Bézier	O
Curves	O
,	O
B-Splines	B-Algorithm
,	O
hardware	O
directional	O
per-vertex	O
lighting	O
,	O
Bloom	O
,	O
Motion	O
Blur	O
,	O
Gouraud	B-Algorithm
Shading	I-Algorithm
,	O
Cel	O
Shading	O
,	O
culling	B-Algorithm
,	O
mipmapping	B-Data_Structure
,	O
LOD	O
,	O
clipping	B-Algorithm
,	O
Lightmapping	O
,	O
environment	O
mapping	O
,	O
Render	O
to	O
Texture	O
,	O
shadow	O
mapping	O
,	O
shadow	O
volumes	O
,	O
environment	O
projection	O
and	O
perspective-correct	O
texture	O
mapping	O
,	O
texture	O
compression	O
,	O
tessellation	B-Algorithm
,	O
Hardware	B-Algorithm
Transform	I-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
Lighting	I-Algorithm
(	O
T&L	B-Algorithm
)	O
,	O
fogging	O
,	O
alpha	B-Algorithm
blending	I-Algorithm
,	O
alpha	O
,	O
depth	O
and	O
stencil	O
tests	O
,	O
transparency	O
effects	O
,	O
post-processing	O
effects	O
,	O
vertex	O
blending	O
for	O
morphing	O
effects	O
,	O
and	O
dithering	O
,	O
all	O
in	O
16	O
or	O
24	O
bit	O
color	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Specifications	O
state	O
that	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
is	O
capable	O
of	O
rendering	O
33	O
million	O
flat-shaded	O
polygons	B-General_Concept
per	O
second	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
664	O
million	O
pixel	O
per	O
second	O
fill	O
rate	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
is	O
also	O
able	O
to	O
play	O
back	O
movies	O
on	O
a	O
UMD	O
(	O
Universal	O
Media	O
Disc	O
)	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PSP	B-Operating_System
's	O
audio	O
player	O
supports	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
audio	O
codecs	O
,	O
including	O
ATRAC	O
,	O
AAC	B-Algorithm
,	O
MP3	B-Application
,	O
and	O
WMA	B-Application
,	O
and	O
has	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
be	O
played	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
six	O
visualizations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
usually	O
the	O
case	O
with	O
attempting	O
to	O
show	O
DSLR	B-Device
images	O
on	O
a	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
MPEG-4	B-Application
and	O
AVC	B-Application
video	O
formats	O
are	O
also	O
compatible	O
with	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
firmware	O
update	O
version	O
3.30	O
,	O
H.264/MPEG	B-Application
-4	I-Application
AVC	I-Application
Main	O
Profile	O
video	O
files	O
of	O
the	O
following	O
sizes	O
can	O
be	O
played	O
:	O
720x576	O
,	O
720×480	O
,	O
352×480	O
,	O
and	O
480×272	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
video	O
files	O
,	O
both	O
free-to-distribute	O
and	O
copyrighted	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
encoded	O
for	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
and	O
are	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
Internet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
numerous	O
software	O
applications	O
and	O
hardware	O
devices	O
specifically	O
designed	O
for	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
's	O
various	O
media-centric	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
can	O
connect	O
to	O
a	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
network	I-General_Concept
through	O
Wi-Fi	O
IEEE	O
802.11b	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allows	O
2	O
–	O
16	O
players	O
with	O
PSPs	B-Operating_System
to	O
create	O
a	O
local	O
,	O
ad	O
hoc	O
network	O
for	O
multiplayer	O
gameplay	O
;	O
or	O
to	O
connect	O
to	O
the	O
Internet	O
via	O
an	O
Internet-connected	O
Wi-Fi	O
router	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
can	O
also	O
use	O
an	O
ad	O
hoc	O
network	O
to	O
send	O
images	O
from	O
one	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
to	O
another	O
by	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
send	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
receive	O
"	O
functions	O
that	O
appear	O
in	O
the	O
"	O
PHOTO	O
"	O
menu	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
connecting	O
to	O
the	O
Internet	O
,	O
players	O
can	O
compete	O
against	O
other	O
players	O
also	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
Internet	O
,	O
or	O
browse	O
the	O
web	O
and	O
download	B-Application
files	O
to	O
the	O
Memory	O
Stick	O
via	O
the	O
built-in	O
web	O
browser	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Use	O
of	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
network	I-General_Concept
features	O
increases	O
the	O
power	O
consumption	O
and	O
results	O
in	O
a	O
lower	O
battery	O
life	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
non-slim	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
featured	O
a	O
standard	O
IrDA	O
port	O
located	O
on	O
the	O
top	O
left	O
of	O
the	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
port	O
is	O
absent	O
from	O
the	O
new	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
Slim	O
redesign	O
,	O
probably	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
any	O
official	O
software	O
that	O
utilised	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
,	O
only	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
Go	O
is	O
equipped	O
with	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
technology	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
's	O
main	O
menu	O
allows	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
configure	O
the	O
system	O
for	O
use	O
across	O
the	O
Internet	O
or	O
an	O
intranet	B-General_Concept
via	O
a	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
connection	I-General_Concept
,	O
known	O
as	O
infrastructure	O
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
can	O
recognize	O
protected	O
and	O
non-protected	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
networks	I-General_Concept
within	O
its	O
range	O
,	O
and	O
supports	O
connecting	O
to	O
WEP	B-Protocol
and	O
WPA	O
encrypted	B-Application
networks	O
(	O
WPA2	O
is	O
not	O
supported	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
South	O
Korean	O
PSPs	B-Operating_System
have	O
shipped	O
with	O
software	O
providing	O
web	O
browsing	O
and	O
multimedia	O
streaming	O
features	O
,	O
but	O
only	O
through	O
company-owned	O
Wi-Fi	O
hot	O
spots	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
monthly	O
fee	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Use	O
of	O
infrastructure	O
networks	O
in	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
software	O
began	O
with	O
a	O
small	O
number	O
of	O
titles	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	O
launch	O
,	O
supporting	O
online	O
play	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
RSS	O
features	O
allow	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
download	B-Application
video	O
web	O
feeds	O
or	O
listen	O
to	O
podcasts	O
from	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
's	O
LocationFree	O
Player	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
stream	O
live	O
television	O
broadcasts	O
(	O
or	O
other	O
video	O
content	O
)	O
to	O
their	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
,	O
within	O
their	O
Wi-Fi	O
network	O
,	O
or	O
remotely	O
via	O
the	O
Internet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
firmware	O
3.80	O
,	O
streaming	O
audio	O
is	O
now	O
available	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
on	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
currently	O
only	O
supporting	O
ShoutCast	B-Application
and	O
Icecast	B-Application
internet	O
radio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
30	O
,	O
2008	O
,	O
firmware	O
update	O
3.90	O
was	O
released	O
which	O
enabled	O
Skype	B-Application
WiFi	O
phone	O
function	O
on	O
the	O
Slim	O
&	O
Lite	O
model	O
,	O
Brite	O
model	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
Go	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
titles	O
for	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
support	O
a	O
feature	O
dubbed	O
"	O
gamesharing	O
,	O
"	O
which	O
facilitates	O
a	O
limited	O
set	O
of	O
multiplayer	O
features	O
between	O
two	O
PSPs	B-Operating_System
with	O
only	O
one	O
copy	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
UMD	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
reduced	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
being	O
shared	O
is	O
transferred	O
to	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
without	O
a	O
UMD	O
via	O
the	O
PSP	B-Operating_System
's	O
Wi-Fi	O
connection	O
,	O
whereupon	O
it	O
is	O
loaded	O
into	O
RAM	B-Architecture
and	O
runs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
"	O
gameshare	O
"	O
versions	O
of	O
titles	O
usually	O
have	O
their	O
feature	O
set	O
reduced	O
because	O
of	O
technical	O
limitations	O
(	O
small	O
RAM	B-Architecture
size	O
,	O
slow	O
bandwidth	O
of	O
802.11b	O
connection	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
