<s>
The	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
technical	I-Device
specifications	I-Device
describe	O
the	O
various	O
components	O
of	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
(	O
PS2	B-Device
)	O
video	B-Device
game	I-Device
console	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
sixth-generation	B-Application
hardware	O
of	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
video	B-Device
game	I-Device
console	I-Device
consists	O
of	O
various	O
components	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
heart	O
of	O
the	O
console	O
's	O
configuration	O
is	O
its	O
central	B-General_Concept
processing	I-General_Concept
unit	I-General_Concept
(	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
a	O
custom	O
RISC	B-Architecture
processor	I-Architecture
known	O
as	O
the	O
Emotion	B-Architecture
Engine	I-Architecture
which	O
operates	O
at	O
294.912MHz	O
(	O
299MHz	O
in	O
later	O
consoles	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
heavily	O
relies	O
on	O
its	O
integration	O
with	O
two	O
vector	B-Operating_System
processing	I-Operating_System
units	I-Operating_System
,	O
known	O
as	O
VPU0	O
and	O
VPU1	O
,	O
the	O
Graphics	O
Synthesizer	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
floating-point	B-General_Concept
unit	I-General_Concept
(	O
FPU	B-General_Concept
)	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
render	O
3D	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
components	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
system	O
's	O
DVD-ROM	O
optical	O
drive	O
and	O
DualShock	B-Device
2	I-Device
controller	O
,	O
provide	O
the	O
software	O
and	O
user	O
control	O
input	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
software	O
is	O
distributed	O
on	O
CD-ROM	O
and	O
DVD-ROM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
console	O
can	O
play	O
audio	O
CDs	O
and	O
DVD	O
movies	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
backwards	B-General_Concept
compatible	I-General_Concept
with	O
original	B-Device
PlayStation	I-Device
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
accomplished	O
through	O
the	O
inclusion	O
of	O
the	O
original	B-Device
PlayStation	I-Device
's	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
which	O
also	O
serves	O
as	O
the	O
PS2	B-Device
's	O
I/O	B-Device
processor	I-Device
,	O
clocked	O
at	O
36.864MHz	O
in	O
PS2	B-Device
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PS2	B-Device
also	O
supports	O
limited	O
functionality	O
with	O
the	O
original	B-Device
PlayStation	I-Device
memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
and	O
controllers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PS2	B-Device
's	O
DualShock	B-Device
2	I-Device
controller	O
is	O
an	O
upgraded	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
's	O
DualShock	B-Device
with	O
analog	O
face	O
,	O
shoulder	O
and	O
D-pad	O
buttons	O
replacing	O
the	O
digital	B-General_Concept
buttons	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
its	O
predecessor	O
,	O
the	O
DualShock	B-Device
2	I-Device
controller	O
features	O
force	O
feedback	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
standard	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
memory	B-Device
card	I-Device
has	O
an	O
8MB	O
capacity	O
and	O
uses	O
Sony	O
's	O
MagicGate	O
encryption	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
requirement	O
prevented	O
the	O
production	O
of	O
memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
by	O
third	O
parties	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
purchase	O
a	O
MagicGate	O
license	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
without	O
encryption	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
store	O
PlayStation	B-Device
game	O
saves	O
,	O
but	O
PlayStation	B-Device
games	O
would	O
be	O
unable	O
to	O
read	O
from	O
or	O
write	O
to	O
the	O
card	O
such	O
a	O
card	O
could	O
only	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
backup	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
non-Sony	O
manufactured	O
memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
available	O
for	O
the	O
PlayStation2	B-Device
,	O
allowing	O
for	O
a	O
larger	O
memory	O
capacity	O
than	O
the	O
standard	O
8MB	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
can	O
have	O
up	O
to	O
128MB	O
storage	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
console	O
also	O
features	O
USB	B-Protocol
and	O
IEEE	B-Protocol
1394	I-Protocol
expansion	O
ports	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compatibility	O
with	O
USB	B-Protocol
and	O
IEEE	B-Protocol
1394	I-Protocol
devices	O
is	O
dependent	O
on	O
the	O
software	O
supporting	O
the	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
PS2	B-Device
BIOS	O
will	O
not	O
boot	O
an	O
ISO	B-General_Concept
image	I-General_Concept
from	O
a	O
USB	B-Protocol
flash	O
drive	O
or	O
operate	O
a	O
USB	B-Protocol
printer	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
machine	O
's	O
operating	O
system	O
does	O
not	O
include	O
this	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
contrast	O
,	O
Gran	B-Device
Turismo	I-Device
4	I-Device
and	O
Tourist	B-Application
Trophy	I-Application
are	O
programmed	O
to	O
save	O
screenshots	O
to	O
a	O
USB	B-Architecture
mass	I-Architecture
storage	I-Architecture
device	I-Architecture
and	O
print	O
images	O
on	O
certain	O
USB	B-Protocol
printers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
HDD	O
can	O
be	O
installed	O
via	O
the	O
expansion	B-Device
bay	I-Device
in	O
the	O
back	O
of	O
the	O
console	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
required	O
to	O
play	O
certain	O
games	O
,	O
notably	O
the	O
popular	O
Final	B-Protocol
Fantasy	I-Protocol
XI	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPU	B-General_Concept
core	O
:	O
MIPS	B-Device
R5900	O
(	O
COP0	O
)	O
,	O
64-bit	O
,	O
little	O
endian	O
(	O
mipsel	B-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPU	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
superscalar	B-General_Concept
,	O
in-order	O
execution	O
2-issue	O
design	O
with	O
6-stage	O
long	O
integer	O
pipelines	O
,	O
32	O
32-bit	O
GPR	O
registers	O
,	O
32	O
128-bit	O
SIMD	B-Device
linear	O
scalar	O
registers	O
,	O
two	O
64-bit	O
integer	O
ALUs	O
,	O
128-bit	O
load-store	O
unit	O
(	O
LSU	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
branch	O
execution	O
unit	O
(	O
BXU	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Instruction	O
set	O
:	O
MIPS	B-Device
III	O
,	O
MIPS	B-Device
IV	O
subset	O
with	O
Sony	O
's	O
proprietary	O
107	O
vector	O
SIMD	B-Device
multimedia	O
instructions	O
(	O
MMI	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
32-bit	O
FPU	B-General_Concept
coprocessor	O
(	O
COP1	O
)	O
with	O
6-stage	O
long	O
pipeline	O
(	O
floating	O
point	O
multiply	O
accumulator	O
×	O
1	O
,	O
floating	O
point	O
divider	O
×	O
1	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FPU	B-General_Concept
is	O
not	O
IEEE	O
compliant	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Two	O
32-bit	O
VLIW-SIMD	O
vector	O
units	O
at	O
294.912MHz	O
:	O
VPU0	O
and	O
VPU1	O
(	O
floating	O
point	O
multiply	O
accumulator	O
×	O
9	O
,	O
floating	O
point	O
divider	O
×	O
1	O
)	O
each	O
VPU	O
contains	O
a	O
vector	O
unit	O
(	O
VU	O
)	O
,	O
instruction	O
cache	B-General_Concept
,	O
data	O
cache	B-General_Concept
and	O
interface	O
unit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Parallel	O
:	O
results	O
of	O
VU0/FPU	O
sent	O
as	O
another	O
display	O
list	O
via	O
MFIFO	O
(	O
for	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Serial	O
:	O
results	O
of	O
VU0/FPU	O
sent	O
to	O
VU1	O
(	O
via	O
3	O
methods	O
)	O
and	O
can	O
act	O
as	O
an	O
optional	O
geometry	O
pre-processor	O
that	O
does	O
all	O
base	O
work	O
to	O
update	O
the	O
scene	O
every	O
frame	O
(	O
for	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Image	O
Processing	O
Unit	O
(	O
IPU	O
)	O
:	O
MPEG-2	B-Algorithm
compressed	O
image	O
macroblock	O
layer	O
decoder	O
allowing	O
playback	O
of	O
DVDs	O
and	O
game	O
FMV	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scratchpad	B-General_Concept
(	O
SPR	O
)	O
is	O
extended	O
area	O
of	O
memory	O
visible	O
to	O
the	O
EE	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scratchpad	B-General_Concept
memory	I-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
store	O
temporary	O
data	O
that	O
is	O
waiting	O
to	O
be	O
sent	O
via	O
DMA	O
or	O
for	O
any	O
other	O
temporary	O
storage	O
that	O
the	O
programmer	O
can	O
define	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Graphics	O
interface	O
(	O
GIF	O
)	O
,	O
DMA	O
channel	O
that	O
connects	O
the	O
EE	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
to	O
the	O
GS	O
co-processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Display	O
lists	O
generated	O
by	O
CPU/VPU0	O
and	O
VPU1	O
are	O
sent	O
to	O
the	O
GIF	O
,	O
which	O
prioritizes	O
them	O
before	O
dispatching	O
them	O
to	O
the	O
Graphics	O
Synthesizer	O
for	O
rendering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vector	O
units	O
and	O
the	O
main	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
communicate	O
via	O
VIF	O
DMA	O
channels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Subsystem	O
Interface	O
0	O
(	O
SIF0	O
)	O
and	O
Subsystem	O
Interface	O
1	O
(	O
SIF1	O
)	O
,	O
used	O
for	O
communication	O
between	O
the	O
EE	O
main	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
and	O
IOP	O
co-processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Subsystem	O
Interface	O
2	O
(	O
SIF2	O
)	O
,	O
used	O
for	O
backwards	B-General_Concept
compatibility	I-General_Concept
with	O
PS1	O
games	O
and	O
debugging	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pixel	O
pipelines	O
:	O
16	O
without	O
any	O
texture	B-General_Concept
mapping	I-General_Concept
units	I-General_Concept
(	O
TMU	O
)	O
,	O
however	O
half	O
of	O
pixel	O
pipelines	O
can	O
perform	O
texturing	O
,	O
so	O
fillrate	O
is	O
either	O
16	O
pixels	O
per	O
clock	O
with	O
untextured	O
2400	O
Mpixels	O
;	O
or	O
8	O
pixels	O
per	O
clock	O
with	O
1200	O
megapixels	O
with	O
bilinear	O
texturing	O
,	O
and	O
1200	O
megatexels	O
(	O
bilinear	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
3	O
rendering	O
paths	O
(	O
path	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
and	O
3	O
)	O
GS	O
effects	O
include	O
:	O
Dot3	O
bump	O
mapping	O
(	O
normal	B-Application
mapping	I-Application
)	O
,	O
mipmapping	B-Data_Structure
,	O
spherical	O
harmonic	O
lighting	O
,	O
alpha	O
blending	O
,	O
alpha	O
test	O
,	O
destination	O
alpha	O
test	O
,	O
depth	O
test	O
,	O
scissor	O
test	O
,	O
transparency	O
effects	O
,	O
framebuffer	O
effects	O
,	O
post-processing	O
effects	O
,	O
perspective-correct	O
texture	O
mapping	O
,	O
edge-AAx2	O
(	O
poly	O
sorting	O
required	O
)	O
,	O
bilinear	O
,	O
trilinear	O
texture	O
filtering	O
,	O
multi-pass	O
,	O
palletizing	O
(	O
6:1	O
ratio	O
4-bit	O
;	O
3:1	O
ratio	O
8-bit	O
)	O
,	O
offscreen	O
drawing	O
,	O
framebuffer	O
mask	O
,	O
flat	O
shading	O
,	O
Gouraud	B-Algorithm
shading	I-Algorithm
,	O
cel	O
shading	O
,	O
dithering	O
,	O
texture	O
swizzling	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-General_Concept
effects	O
include	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Automatically	O
underclocked	O
to	O
33.8688MHz	O
to	O
achieve	O
hardware	O
backwards	B-General_Concept
compatibility	I-General_Concept
with	O
original	B-Device
PlayStation	I-Device
format	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Replaced	O
with	O
the	O
PowerPC-based	O
"	O
Deckard	O
"	O
IOP	O
with	O
4MB	O
SDRAM	O
starting	O
with	O
SCPH-7500x	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2	O
proprietary	O
Memory	B-Device
Card	I-Device
slots	I-Device
using	O
MagicGate	O
encryption	O
(	O
250kHz	O
for	O
PS1	O
cards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Emotion	B-Architecture
Engine	I-Architecture
(	O
EE	O
)	O
includes	O
an	O
on-chip	O
Serial	O
I/O	O
port	O
(	O
SIO	O
)	O
used	O
internally	O
by	O
the	O
EE	O
's	O
kernel	O
to	O
output	O
debugging	O
and	O
messages	O
and	O
to	O
start	O
the	O
kernel	O
debugger	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Standard	O
RGB	O
mode	O
only	O
allows	O
interlaced	O
modes	O
up	O
to	O
480i	O
(	O
NTSC	O
)	O
and	O
576i	O
(	O
PAL	O
)	O
and	O
progressive	B-Device
modes	I-Device
up	O
to	O
240p	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
PS2	B-Device
's	O
Macrovision	O
copy	B-Application
protection	I-Application
is	O
n't	O
compatible	O
with	O
either	O
RGB	O
mode	O
,	O
and	O
thus	O
DVDs	O
cannot	O
be	O
played	O
with	O
RGB	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
VGA	B-Protocol
connector	I-Protocol
is	O
only	O
available	O
for	O
progressive-scan	B-Device
supported	O
games	O
,	O
homebrew-enabled	O
systems	O
,	O
and	O
Linux	B-Device
for	I-Device
PlayStation	I-Device
2	I-Device
,	O
and	O
requires	O
a	O
monitor	O
that	O
supports	O
RGsB	O
,	O
or	O
"	O
sync	O
on	O
green	O
"	O
signals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Contrary	O
to	O
popular	O
belief	O
,	O
the	O
PS2	B-Device
's	O
YPBPR/component	O
output	O
does	O
fully	O
support	O
240p	O
outputs	O
,	O
including	O
games	O
from	O
the	O
original	B-Device
PlayStation	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
24x	O
speed	O
CD-ROM	O
[3.6MB/s],	O
4x	O
speed	O
DVD-ROM	O
 [ 5.28MB/s ] 	O
—	O
region-locked	O
with	O
copy	B-Application
protection	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Supported	O
Disc	O
Media	O
:	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
format	O
CD-ROM	O
,	O
PlayStation	B-Device
format	O
CD-ROM	O
,	O
CD-DA	O
,	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
format	O
DVD-ROM	O
,	O
DVD	O
Video	O
.	O
</s>
