<s>
The	O
strict	O
definition	O
of	O
a	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
station	I-Application
is	O
a	O
station	O
that	O
operates	O
from	O
sovereign	O
territory	O
without	O
a	O
broadcasting	O
license	O
,	O
or	O
just	O
beyond	O
the	O
territorial	O
waters	O
of	O
a	O
sovereign	O
nation	O
from	O
on	O
board	O
a	O
ship	O
or	O
other	O
marine	O
structure	O
with	O
the	O
intention	O
of	O
broadcasting	O
to	O
that	O
nation	O
without	O
obtaining	O
a	O
broadcasting	O
license	O
from	O
that	O
nation	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
Radio	O
Caroline	O
before	O
its	O
present	O
incarnation	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
stations	O
are	O
mainly	O
short	O
lived	O
and	O
sporadic	O
in	O
transmission	O
times	O
,	O
but	O
because	O
their	O
broadcasts	O
are	O
not	O
licensed	O
by	O
any	O
nation	O
,	O
their	O
signals	O
are	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
from	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
stations	I-Application
and	O
the	O
USA	O
has	O
taken	O
various	O
physical	O
and	O
legal	O
steps	O
to	O
close	O
them	O
down	O
at	O
different	O
times	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
stations	I-Application
in	O
Mexico	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
recent	O
example	O
of	O
a	O
true	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
station	I-Application
in	O
Mexico	O
is	O
La	O
Tremenda	O
106.5	O
in	O
Nuevo	O
Laredo	O
,	O
Tamaulipas	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Today	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
several	O
other	O
pirate	B-Application
stations	I-Application
in	O
Nuevo	O
Laredo	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
border-blaster	O
or	O
other	O
border	O
stations	O
in	O
Mexico	O
do	O
not	O
meet	O
either	O
above	O
definitions	O
of	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
station	I-Application
,	O
however	O
may	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
such	O
by	O
some	O
governments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
traditional	O
border-blasters	O
were	O
AM	B-Device
radio	O
stations	O
;	O
though	O
there	O
are	O
numerous	O
FM	B-Application
radio	O
and	O
even	O
television	O
stations	O
along	O
the	O
border	O
that	O
broadcast	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	O
from	O
Mexico	O
,	O
the	O
power	O
of	O
FM	B-Application
stations	O
along	O
the	O
border	O
is	O
limited	O
by	O
a	O
U.S.-Mexican	O
agreement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
because	O
these	O
stations	O
are	O
licensed	O
by	O
the	O
government	O
of	O
Mexico	O
,	O
they	O
can	O
only	O
be	O
classified	O
as	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
stations	I-Application
in	O
the	O
same	O
way	O
that	O
the	O
British	O
government	O
classified	O
Radio	O
Luxembourg	O
as	O
a	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
station	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
the	O
term	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
implies	O
the	O
unlicensed	O
broadcasting	O
use	O
of	O
any	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
radio	B-Algorithm
spectrum	I-Algorithm
that	O
is	O
reserved	O
for	O
use	O
by	O
governmental	O
,	O
public	O
or	O
commercial	O
licensees	O
by	O
the	O
Federal	O
Communications	O
Commission	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
includes	O
the	O
FM	B-Application
,	O
AM	B-Device
and	O
shortwave	O
radio	B-Algorithm
bands	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
this	O
difference	O
,	O
the	O
term	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
has	O
a	O
different	O
interpretation	O
than	O
in	O
countries	O
where	O
access	O
to	O
communication	O
is	O
limited	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
is	O
frequently	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
always	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
anarchism	O
,	O
which	O
considers	O
governmental	O
spectrum	O
regulatory	O
schemes	O
as	O
favoring	O
the	O
interests	O
of	O
large	O
corporations	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
reasons	O
such	O
as	O
high	O
licensing	O
costs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Therefore	O
,	O
some	O
anarchists	O
consider	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
transmissions	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
challenge	O
to	O
that	O
authority	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
is	O
also	O
in	O
large	O
part	O
the	O
resulting	O
backlash	O
from	O
Federal	O
Communications	O
Commission	O
's	O
Title	O
47	O
CFR	O
Part	O
15	O
,	O
which	O
prohibits	O
certain	O
power	O
broadcasting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
this	O
,	O
an	O
explosion	O
of	O
broadcast	O
translators	O
on	O
FM	B-Application
,	O
technically	O
identical	O
but	O
rebroadcasting	O
other	O
stations	O
,	O
most	O
part	O
of	O
religious	O
broadcasting	O
networks	O
,	O
has	O
occurred	O
since	O
then	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1982	O
,	O
an	O
organization	O
of	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
monitoring	O
enthusiasts	O
was	O
formed	O
by	O
Darren	O
Leno	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Known	O
as	O
the	O
Association	O
of	O
Clandestine	B-Application
Radio	I-Application
Enthusiasts	O
(	O
ACE	O
)	O
the	O
organization	O
was	O
and	O
remains	O
a	O
very	O
popular	O
conduit	O
for	O
sharing	O
information	O
about	O
North	O
American	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
and	O
other	O
unusual	O
radio	O
transmissions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
of	O
this	O
severe	O
lack	O
of	O
access	O
,	O
numerous	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
operators	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
Stephen	O
Dunifer	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
other	O
groups	O
petitioned	O
the	O
FCC	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
LPFM	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
this	O
should	O
mean	O
that	O
pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
has	O
seen	O
a	O
decrease	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
licensees	O
are	O
churches	O
,	O
colleges	O
,	O
and	O
state	O
or	O
local	O
government	O
transportation	O
departments	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
FCC	O
requires	O
the	O
licensee	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
non-profit	O
organization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pirate	B-Application
radio	I-Application
also	O
continues	O
because	O
legal	O
open	O
spots	O
on	O
the	O
FM	B-Application
dial	O
have	O
been	O
filled	O
in	O
since	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
1979	O
ruling	O
,	O
by	O
both	O
full-power	O
and	O
translator	O
stations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
garage	O
door	O
openers	O
,	O
FM	B-Application
modulators	O
for	O
iPod	O
auto	O
use	O
)	O
or	O
as	O
a	O
by-product	O
of	O
their	O
operation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Triangulation	B-Algorithm
may	O
be	O
used	O
,	O
but	O
most	O
frequently	O
a	O
spectrum	O
analyzer	O
is	O
driven	O
around	O
the	O
affected	O
area	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
person	O
monitoring	O
where	O
the	O
suspect	O
signal	O
is	O
highest	O
,	O
and	O
another	O
one	O
looking	O
for	O
any	O
obvious	O
signs	O
such	O
as	O
an	O
antenna	O
or	O
small	O
tower	O
(	O
like	O
that	O
used	O
for	O
amateur	O
radio	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Radio	B-Application
Newyork	I-Application
International	I-Application
,	O
from	O
a	O
ship	O
anchored	O
off	O
Jones	O
Beach	O
,	O
Long	O
Island	O
,	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
USA	O
.	O
</s>
