<s>
Petascale	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
refers	O
to	O
computing	O
systems	O
capable	O
of	O
calculating	O
at	O
least	O
1015	O
floating	O
point	O
operations	O
per	O
second	O
(	O
1	O
petaFLOPS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Petascale	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
allowed	O
faster	O
processing	O
of	O
traditional	O
supercomputer	B-Architecture
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
system	O
to	O
reach	O
this	O
milestone	O
was	O
the	O
IBM	B-General_Concept
Roadrunner	I-General_Concept
in	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Petascale	B-General_Concept
supercomputers	B-Architecture
were	O
succeeded	O
by	O
exascale	B-General_Concept
computers	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
FLOPS	O
can	O
be	O
recorded	O
in	O
different	O
measures	O
of	O
precision	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
standard	O
measure	O
(	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
TOP500	B-Operating_System
supercomputer	B-Architecture
list	O
)	O
uses	O
64	O
bit	O
(	O
double-precision	O
floating-point	O
format	O
)	O
operations	O
per	O
second	O
using	O
the	O
High	O
Performance	O
LINPACK	O
(	O
HPLinpack	O
)	O
benchmark	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
metric	O
typically	O
refers	O
to	O
single	O
computing	O
systems	O
,	O
although	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
measure	O
distributed	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
systems	O
for	O
comparison	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
been	O
recognised	O
that	O
HPLinpack	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
a	O
good	O
general	O
measure	O
of	O
supercomputer	B-Architecture
utility	O
in	O
real	O
world	O
application	O
,	O
however	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
common	O
standard	O
for	O
performance	O
measurement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
petaFLOPS	O
barrier	O
was	O
first	O
broken	O
on	O
16	O
September	O
2007	O
by	O
the	O
distributed	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
Folding	B-Application
@home	I-Application
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
single	O
petascale	B-General_Concept
system	O
,	O
the	O
Roadrunner	B-General_Concept
,	O
entered	O
operation	O
in	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Roadrunner	B-General_Concept
,	O
built	O
by	O
IBM	O
,	O
had	O
a	O
sustained	O
performance	O
of	O
1.026	O
petaFLOPS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Jaguar	B-Device
became	O
the	O
second	O
computer	O
to	O
break	O
the	O
petaFLOPS	O
milestone	O
,	O
later	O
in	O
2008	O
,	O
and	O
reached	O
a	O
performance	O
of	O
1.759	O
petaFLOPS	O
after	O
a	O
2009	O
update	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2018	O
,	O
Summit	B-Device
had	O
become	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
most	O
powerful	O
supercomputer	B-Architecture
,	O
at	O
200	O
petaFLOPS	O
before	O
Fugaku	B-Device
reached	O
415	O
petaFLOPS	O
in	O
June	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
