<s>
PTV	B-Application
Vissim	I-Application
is	O
a	O
microscopic	O
multi-modal	O
traffic	B-Operating_System
flow	I-Operating_System
simulation	O
software	O
package	O
developed	O
by	O
PTV	O
Planung	O
Transport	O
Verkehr	O
AG	O
in	O
Karlsruhe	B-Algorithm
,	O
Germany	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PTV	B-Application
Vissim	I-Application
was	O
first	O
developed	O
in	O
1992	O
and	O
is	O
today	O
a	O
global	O
market	O
leader	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
scope	O
of	O
application	O
ranges	O
from	O
various	O
issues	O
of	O
traffic	O
engineering	O
(	O
transport	O
engineering	O
,	O
transportation	O
planning	O
,	O
signal	O
timing	O
)	O
,	O
public	O
transport	O
,	O
urban	O
planning	O
over	O
fire	O
protection	O
(	O
evacuation	O
simulation	O
)	O
to	O
3d	B-Application
visualization	I-Application
(	O
computer	O
animation	O
,	O
architectural	B-Algorithm
animation	I-Algorithm
)	O
for	O
illustrative	O
purpose	O
and	O
communication	O
to	O
the	O
general	O
public	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PTV	B-Application
Vissim	I-Application
is	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
PTV	O
Vision	O
Traffic	O
Suite	O
which	O
also	O
includes	O
PTV	O
Visum	O
(	O
traffic	O
analysis	O
and	O
forecasting	O
)	O
and	O
PTV	O
Vistro	O
(	O
signal	O
optimisation	O
and	O
traffic	O
impact	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
basic	O
traffic	O
model	O
ruling	O
the	O
movement	O
of	O
vehicles	O
was	O
developed	O
by	O
Rainer	O
Wiedemann	O
in	O
1974	O
at	O
Karlsruhe	B-Algorithm
University	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Microscopic	O
simulation	O
"	O
,	O
sometimes	O
called	O
microsimulation	B-Application
,	O
means	O
each	O
entity	O
(	O
car	O
,	O
train	O
,	O
person	O
)	O
of	O
reality	O
is	O
simulated	O
individually	O
,	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
opposite	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
"	O
macroscopic	O
simulation	O
"	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
description	O
of	O
reality	O
is	O
shifted	O
from	O
individuals	O
to	O
"	O
averaged	O
"	O
variables	O
like	O
flow	B-Operating_System
and	O
density	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Vissim	B-Application
the	O
following	O
types	O
of	O
traffic	O
can	O
be	O
simulated	O
,	O
and	O
mutually	O
interact	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
VISSIM	B-Application
,	O
vehicle	O
conflict	O
points	O
can	O
be	O
modelled	O
using	O
Priority	O
Rules	O
,	O
Conflict	O
Areas	O
or	O
Signal	O
Heads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Versions	O
6	O
and	O
later	O
created	O
.INPX	O
files	O
which	O
use	O
an	O
XML-based	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
