<s>
PS-algol	B-Language
is	O
an	O
orthogonally	B-Application
persistent	I-Application
programming	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PS-algol	B-Language
was	O
an	O
extension	O
of	O
the	O
language	O
S-algol	B-Language
implemented	O
by	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
St	O
Andrews	O
and	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Edinburgh	O
,	O
Scotland	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
S-algol	B-Language
was	O
designed	O
by	O
Ron	O
Morrison	O
and	O
extended	O
by	O
Pete	O
Bailey	O
,	O
Fred	O
Brown	O
,	O
Paul	O
Cockshott	O
,	O
Ken	O
Chisholm	O
,	O
and	O
Al	O
Dearle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
extensions	O
were	O
additional	O
standard	O
functions	O
that	O
provide	O
a	O
persistent	O
heap	O
that	O
survives	O
termination	O
of	O
PS-algol	B-Language
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PS-algol	B-Language
was	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
first	O
fully	O
implemented	O
persistent	O
programming	O
language	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
many	O
users	O
both	O
in	O
academia	O
and	O
,	O
notably	O
,	O
in	O
International	O
Computers	O
Limited	O
(	O
ICL	O
)	O
research	O
labs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PS-algol	B-Language
was	O
conceived	O
by	O
chance	O
,	O
when	O
Ron	O
Morrison	O
was	O
on	O
sabbatical	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Edinburgh	O
and	O
met	O
Malcolm	O
Atkinson	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Atkinson	O
had	O
been	O
experimenting	O
with	O
persistent	O
programming	O
languages	O
and	O
was	O
struggling	O
to	O
find	O
a	O
coherent	O
model	O
for	O
a	O
persistent	O
Pascal	B-Application
variant	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Morrison	O
,	O
whose	O
interest	O
in	O
general-purpose	O
programming	O
had	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
S-algol	B-Language
,	O
a	O
general	O
purpose	O
teaching	O
language	O
,	O
realised	O
that	O
S-algol	B-Language
'	O
s	O
type	O
system	O
would	O
more	O
easily	O
allow	O
adding	O
orthogonal	O
persistence	B-Application
.	O
</s>
