<s>
PROJ	B-Language
(	O
formerly	O
PROJ.4	B-Language
)	O
is	O
a	O
library	B-Library
for	O
performing	O
conversions	O
between	O
cartographic	B-Application
projections	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
library	B-Library
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
work	O
of	O
Gerald	O
Evenden	O
at	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
Geological	O
Survey	O
(	O
USGS	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
since	O
2019-11-26	O
is	O
an	O
Open	O
Source	O
Geospatial	O
Foundation	O
(	O
OSGeo	O
)	O
project	O
maintained	O
by	O
the	O
PROJ	B-Language
Project	O
Steering	O
Committee	O
(	O
PSC	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
library	B-Library
also	O
ships	O
with	O
executables	B-Application
for	O
performing	O
these	O
transformations	O
from	O
the	O
command	B-Application
line	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
history	O
of	O
PROJ	B-Language
dates	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
late	O
1970s	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
release	O
of	O
PROJ	B-Language
was	O
developed	O
by	O
Gerald	O
Evenden	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
1980s	O
as	O
a	O
Ratfor	B-Language
program	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
General	O
Cartographic	O
Transformation	O
Package	O
or	O
GCTP	O
,	O
which	O
consisted	O
of	O
Fortran	B-Application
subroutines	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
project	O
geographic	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
second	O
release	O
of	O
PROJ	B-Language
from	O
1985	O
was	O
rewritten	O
in	O
C	B-Language
to	O
run	O
on	O
UNIX	B-Application
systems	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
third	O
release	O
of	O
PROJ	B-Language
from	O
1990	O
,	O
was	O
expanded	O
to	O
support	O
approximately	O
70	O
cartographic	B-Application
projections	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Evenden	O
further	O
developed	O
a	O
fourth	O
release	O
in	O
1994	O
,	O
named	O
PROJ.4	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
over	O
four	O
years	O
of	O
inactivity	O
,	O
Frank	B-Language
Warmerdam	I-Language
became	O
the	O
new	O
maintainer	O
and	O
released	O
version	O
4.4	O
on	O
March	O
21	O
,	O
2000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
May	O
2008	O
,	O
PROJ	B-Language
became	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
MetaCRS	O
project	O
,	O
a	O
confederation	O
of	O
coordinate	O
systems	O
related	O
projects	O
under	O
incubation	O
with	O
OSGeo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
version	O
5.0	O
in	O
February	O
2018	O
,	O
the	O
software	O
was	O
renamed	O
to	O
PROJ	B-Language
,	O
removing	O
version	O
four	O
(	O
"	O
.4	O
"	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
acquisition	O
of	O
the	O
proj.org	B-Language
domain	O
name	O
in	O
June	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
project	O
was	O
also	O
renamed	O
as	O
PROJ	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
string	O
format	O
that	O
PROJ	B-Language
uses	O
to	O
describe	O
coordinate	O
systems	O
and	O
transformations	O
,	O
proj	B-Language
string	O
or	O
proj.4	B-Language
string	O
,	O
is	O
widely	O
used	O
beyond	O
PROJ	B-Language
proper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bindings	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
PROJ	B-Language
library	B-Library
(	O
libproj	O
)	O
exist	O
for	O
Python	O
,	O
Ruby	O
,	O
Rust	O
,	O
Golang	O
,	O
Julia	O
,	O
TCL	O
,	O
MySQL	O
,	O
Excel	O
,	O
Visual	O
Basic	O
,	O
and	O
Fortran	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
PROJ.4	B-Language
additionally	O
had	O
bindings	O
for	O
R	B-Language
and	O
Perl	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Proj4JS	O
(	O
JavaScript	B-Language
)	O
and	O
Proj4J	O
(	O
Java	B-Language
)	O
are	O
ports	O
of	O
PROJ	B-Language
into	O
different	O
programming	O
languages	O
now	O
managed	O
under	O
MetaCRS	O
.	O
</s>
