<s>
PAM	O
(	O
Parallel	O
Augmented	B-Application
Maps	I-Application
)	O
is	O
an	O
open-source	O
parallel	O
C++	O
library	O
implementing	O
the	O
interface	O
for	O
sequence	O
,	O
ordered	O
sets	O
,	O
ordered	O
maps	B-Application
,	O
and	O
augmented	B-Application
maps	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
uses	O
the	O
underlying	O
balanced	B-Data_Structure
binary	I-Data_Structure
tree	I-Data_Structure
structure	I-Data_Structure
using	O
join-based	O
algorithms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PAM	O
supports	O
four	O
balancing	O
schemes	O
,	O
including	O
AVL	O
trees	O
,	O
red-black	O
trees	O
,	O
treaps	B-Application
and	O
weight-balanced	B-Data_Structure
trees	I-Data_Structure
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
parallelism	O
can	O
be	O
supported	O
by	O
cilk	B-Language
,	O
OpenMP	B-Application
or	O
the	O
scheduler	O
in	O
PBBS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PAM	O
uses	O
underlying	O
persistent	B-Application
tree	I-Application
structure	O
such	O
that	O
multi-versioning	O
is	O
allowed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
sequence	O
interface	O
,	O
PAM	O
also	O
supports	O
functions	O
for	O
ordered	O
sets	O
including	O
insertion	O
,	O
deletion	O
,	O
union	O
,	O
intersection	B-Algorithm
,	O
difference	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
ordered	O
set	O
interface	O
,	O
PAM	O
also	O
supports	O
functions	O
for	O
ordered	O
maps	B-Application
,	O
such	O
as	O
insertion	O
with	O
combining	O
values	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
define	O
an	O
augmented	B-Application
map	I-Application
,	O
users	O
need	O
to	O
specify	O
the	O
key	O
type	O
,	O
the	O
comparison	O
function	O
on	O
the	O
key	O
type	O
,	O
the	O
value	O
type	O
,	O
the	O
augmented	O
value	O
type	O
,	O
the	O
base	O
function	O
,	O
the	O
combine	O
function	O
and	O
the	O
identity	O
of	O
the	O
combine	O
function	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
ordered	O
map	O
interface	O
,	O
PAM	O
also	O
supports	O
functions	O
for	O
augmented	B-Application
maps	I-Application
,	O
such	O
as	O
aug_range	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
tree	O
structures	O
,	O
PAM	O
also	O
implements	O
the	O
prefix	O
structure	O
for	O
augmented	B-Application
maps	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
library	O
also	O
provides	O
example	O
implementations	O
for	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
applications	O
,	O
including	O
1D	O
stabbing	O
query	O
(	O
using	O
interval	B-Data_Structure
trees	I-Data_Structure
,	O
2D	O
range	B-General_Concept
query	I-General_Concept
(	O
using	O
a	O
range	B-Data_Structure
tree	I-Data_Structure
and	O
a	O
sweepline	B-Algorithm
algorithm	I-Algorithm
)	O
,	O
2D	O
segment	O
query	O
(	O
using	O
a	O
segment	B-Architecture
tree	I-Architecture
and	O
a	O
sweepline	B-Algorithm
algorithm	I-Algorithm
)	O
,	O
2D	O
rectangle	O
query	O
(	O
using	O
a	O
tree	O
structure	O
and	O
a	O
sweepline	B-Algorithm
algorithm	I-Algorithm
)	O
,	O
inverted	B-Algorithm
index	I-Algorithm
searching	I-Algorithm
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
library	O
has	O
been	O
tested	O
in	O
various	O
applications	O
,	O
including	O
database	O
benchmarks	O
,	O
2D	O
segment	B-Architecture
tree	I-Architecture
,	O
2D	O
interval	B-Data_Structure
tree	I-Data_Structure
,	O
inverted	B-Algorithm
index	I-Algorithm
and	O
multiversion	B-Operating_System
concurrency	I-Operating_System
control	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
