<s>
In	O
statistical	O
hypothesis	O
testing	O
,	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
or	O
prep	O
has	O
been	O
proposed	O
as	O
a	O
statistical	O
alternative	O
to	O
the	O
classic	O
p-value	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whereas	O
a	O
p-value	B-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
probability	O
of	O
obtaining	O
a	O
result	O
under	O
the	O
null	O
hypothesis	O
,	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
purports	O
to	O
compute	O
the	O
probability	O
of	O
replicating	O
an	O
effect	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
derivation	O
of	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
contained	O
significant	O
mathematical	O
errors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
a	O
while	O
,	O
the	O
Association	O
for	O
Psychological	O
Science	O
recommended	O
that	O
articles	O
submitted	O
to	O
Psychological	O
Science	O
and	O
their	O
other	O
journals	O
report	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
rather	O
than	O
the	O
classic	O
p-value	B-General_Concept
,	O
but	O
this	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
the	O
case	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
value	O
of	O
the	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
(	O
prep	O
)	O
can	O
be	O
approximated	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
p-value	B-General_Concept
(	O
p	O
)	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
has	O
a	O
one-to-one	B-Algorithm
correspondence	I-Algorithm
with	O
the	O
p-value	B-General_Concept
makes	O
it	O
clear	O
that	O
this	O
new	O
measure	O
brings	O
no	O
additional	O
information	O
beyond	O
that	O
conveyed	O
by	O
the	O
significance	O
of	O
the	O
result	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Killeen	O
acknowledges	O
this	O
lack	O
of	O
information	O
,	O
but	O
suggests	O
that	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
better-captures	O
the	O
way	O
naive	O
experimenters	O
conceptualize	O
p-values	B-General_Concept
and	O
statistical	O
hypothesis	O
testing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Among	O
the	O
criticisms	O
of	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
while	O
it	O
attempts	O
to	O
estimate	O
replicability	O
,	O
it	O
ignores	O
results	O
from	O
other	O
studies	O
which	O
can	O
accurately	O
guide	O
this	O
estimate	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
an	O
experiment	O
on	O
some	O
unlikely	O
paranormal	O
phenomenon	O
may	O
yield	O
a	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
of	O
0.75	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Rather	O
,	O
they	O
would	O
conclude	O
it	O
is	O
much	O
closer	O
to0	O
:	O
Extraordinary	O
claims	O
require	O
extraordinary	O
evidence	O
,	O
and	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
ignores	O
this	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
of	O
this	O
,	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
may	O
in	O
fact	O
be	O
harder	O
to	O
interpret	O
than	O
a	O
classical	O
p-value	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
fact	O
that	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
requires	O
assumptions	O
about	O
prior	O
probabilities	O
for	O
it	O
to	O
be	O
valid	O
makes	O
its	O
interpretation	O
complex	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Killeen	O
argues	O
that	O
new	O
results	O
should	O
be	O
evaluated	O
in	O
their	O
own	O
right	O
,	O
without	O
the	O
"	O
burden	O
of	O
history	O
"	O
,	O
with	O
flat	O
priors	O
:	O
that	O
is	O
what	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
yields	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
formula	O
relating	O
the	O
effect	B-Application
sizes	I-Application
from	O
two	O
replications	O
of	O
a	O
given	O
experiment	O
erroneously	O
uses	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
random	O
variables	O
as	O
a	O
parameter	O
of	O
the	O
probability	O
distribution	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
while	O
he	O
previously	O
hypothesized	O
these	O
two	O
variables	O
to	O
be	O
independent	O
,	O
criticisms	O
addressed	O
in	O
Killeen	O
's	O
rejoinder	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
further	O
criticism	O
of	O
the	O
p-rep	B-General_Concept
statistic	O
involves	O
the	O
logic	O
of	O
experimentation	O
.	O
</s>
