<s>
OpenPass	B-Application
is	O
a	O
method	O
for	O
data	O
recording	O
on	O
RFID	B-Application
card	O
in	O
an	O
integrated	O
access	O
control	O
system	O
,	O
with	O
proprietary	B-Application
software	I-Application
by	O
different	O
providers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenPass	B-Application
is	O
released	O
under	O
the	O
GPL	B-License
license	I-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OpenPass	B-Application
system	O
consist	O
of	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
contactless	O
smartcard	O
ISO	O
15693	O
,	O
without	O
proprietary	B-Application
restrictions	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
allow	O
the	O
exchange	O
of	O
information	O
between	O
heterogeneous	O
access	O
control	O
systems	O
,	O
OpenPass	B-Application
defines	O
an	O
interchange	O
format	O
through	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
metalanguage	O
XML	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Access	O
credentials	O
are	O
stored	O
on	O
the	O
smartcard	O
and	O
organized	O
through	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
markers	O
,	O
represented	O
in	O
XML	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XML	B-Protocol
representations	O
are	O
made	O
public	O
by	O
the	O
server	O
OpenPass	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
a	O
single	O
RFID	B-Application
card	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
access	O
to	O
all	O
sites	O
in	O
the	O
system	O
:	O
each	O
company	O
is	O
able	O
to	O
issue	O
the	O
ticket	O
yourself	O
and	O
the	O
card	O
is	O
recognized	O
by	O
every	O
member	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
independently	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OpenPass	B-Application
standard	O
defines	O
a	O
distributed	O
network	O
of	O
data	O
centers	O
,	O
that	O
are	O
web	O
service	O
connected	O
with	O
the	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
exchange	O
format	O
between	O
server	O
and	O
collection	O
centers	O
is	O
XML	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OpenPass	B-Application
server	O
receives	O
the	O
data	O
and	O
stores	O
them	O
in	O
a	O
centralized	O
SQL	B-Language
database	I-Language
,	O
where	O
each	O
data	O
item	O
is	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
UID	O
and	O
any	O
personal	O
details	O
of	O
the	O
customer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
methodology	O
OpenPass	B-Application
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
reducing	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
cards	O
and	O
equipment	O
since	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
bound	O
to	O
proprietary	B-Application
software	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
now	O
,	O
OpenPass	B-Application
is	O
applied	O
to	O
control	O
systems	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
ski	O
lifts	O
,	O
in	O
Italy	O
and	O
France	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Skipass	O
Lombardia	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
example	O
in	O
Europe	O
of	O
open	O
standard	O
for	O
integrated	O
access	O
control	O
systems	O
with	O
heterogeneous	O
and	O
proprietary	B-Application
software	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenPass	B-Application
has	O
created	O
an	O
integrated	O
system	O
for	O
all	O
companies	O
of	O
skilifts	O
in	O
the	O
Lombardy	O
Region	O
:	O
310	O
ski	O
lifts	O
,	O
46	O
companies	O
in	O
30	O
ski	O
areas	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Federation	O
of	O
Nordic	O
skiing	O
in	O
the	O
French	O
region	O
of	O
Rhône-Alpes(FRAN )	O
has	O
promoted	O
the	O
Nordic	O
Pass	O
Rhône	O
Alpes	O
:	O
a	O
project	O
of	O
integrated	O
access	O
to	O
5000km	O
of	O
ski	O
runs	O
in	O
83	O
stations	O
of	O
Nordic	O
skiing	O
,	O
with	O
OpenPass	B-Application
standard	O
.	O
</s>
