<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
is	O
a	O
web-based	O
learning	B-Application
management	I-Application
system	I-Application
for	O
teaching	O
,	O
education	O
,	O
assessment	O
and	O
communication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
stands	O
for	O
Open	O
Online	O
Learning	O
And	O
Training	O
,	O
highlighting	O
its	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
and	O
online	O
nature	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
is	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
software	I-Application
and	O
is	O
being	O
developed	O
by	O
frentix	O
GmbH	O
starting	O
in	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
LMS	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
developed	O
by	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Zurich	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
originated	O
from	O
the	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
project	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2011	O
,	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Zurich	O
initiated	O
a	O
massive	O
refactoring	O
project	O
with	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
redesigning	O
the	O
complete	O
code	O
base	O
and	O
switching	O
to	O
the	O
Mercurial	B-Protocol
version	B-Protocol
control	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
refactoring	O
,	O
repository	O
access	O
for	O
contributors	O
from	O
the	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
community	O
was	O
revoked	O
,	O
making	O
further	O
contributions	O
impossible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
then	O
,	O
the	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
developers	O
practice	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
only	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
publishing	O
finished	O
source	O
code	O
,	O
but	O
lack	O
any	O
kind	O
of	O
community	O
involvement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
of	O
these	O
changes	O
to	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
,	O
the	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
fork	B-Application
was	O
initiated	O
in	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
is	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
that	O
follows	O
an	O
open	O
development	O
process	O
and	O
encourages	O
community	O
involvement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
initiator	O
of	O
this	O
new	O
project	O
is	O
frentix	O
GmbH	O
,	O
a	O
spin-off	O
of	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Zurich	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
founded	O
by	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
founders	O
of	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
and	O
which	O
provided	O
commercial	O
services	O
for	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
up	O
to	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
frentix	O
was	O
founded	O
in	O
2006	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
has	O
contributed	O
major	O
features	O
to	O
the	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
code	O
base	O
and	O
was	O
responsible	O
for	O
a	O
large	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
bug	O
fixing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
inception	O
of	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
,	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
frentix	O
features	O
from	O
the	O
pro	O
OLATpro	O
release	O
were	O
ported	O
to	O
the	O
public	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Release	O
8.3	O
added	O
the	O
OpenMeetings	B-Application
integration	O
,	O
and	O
release	O
8.4	O
brought	O
major	O
changes	O
to	O
the	O
chat	O
infrastructure	O
while	O
also	O
improving	O
the	O
performance	O
and	O
stability	O
of	O
the	O
whole	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Release	O
9.0	O
replaced	O
the	O
JavaScript	O
framework	O
ExtJS	B-Language
with	O
the	O
more	O
light-weight	O
jQuery	B-Language
,	O
for	O
which	O
the	O
whole	O
JavaScript	O
layer	O
was	O
refactored	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
recent	O
release	O
,	O
version	O
10.0	O
,	O
includes	O
a	O
complete	O
redesign	O
of	O
all	O
visual	O
aspects	O
of	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
introduction	O
of	O
a	O
responsive	B-General_Concept
design	I-General_Concept
paradigm	O
based	O
on	O
Bootstrap	B-Application
makes	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
ready	O
for	O
mobile	O
devices	O
and	O
small	O
screen	O
sizes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
offers	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
features	O
for	O
learners	O
and	O
teachers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
contains	O
many	O
elements	O
typical	O
for	O
learning	B-Application
management	I-Application
systems	I-Application
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
course	O
system	O
is	O
the	O
central	O
element	O
in	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tests	O
in	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
are	O
used	O
to	O
quiz	O
participants	O
and	O
to	O
prepare	O
them	O
for	O
final	O
exams	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
can	O
either	O
be	O
imported	O
or	O
created	O
using	O
the	O
built-in	O
QTI	B-Language
test	O
editor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
supports	O
the	O
IMS-QTI	O
format	O
,	O
version	O
1.2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
assessment	O
can	O
be	O
carried	O
out	O
in	O
kiosk	B-Application
by	O
adding	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
Safe	O
Exam	O
Browser	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Through	O
the	O
role	O
based	O
authorization	O
system	O
in	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
,	O
coaches	O
can	O
assigned	O
to	O
courses	O
,	O
groups	O
,	O
or	O
individual	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Social	O
tools	O
like	O
blogs	O
,	O
forums	O
,	O
wikis	O
,	O
podcasts	O
,	O
shared	O
folders	O
,	O
mail	O
,	O
and	O
chat	O
enable	O
communication	O
and	O
collaboration	O
between	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
supports	O
different	O
visibility	O
and	O
access	O
rules	O
to	O
courses	O
and	O
other	O
learning	O
resources	O
based	O
on	O
user	O
roles	O
and	O
groups	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
Portal	O
is	O
the	O
personalizable	O
start	O
page	O
for	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
has	O
a	O
customizable	O
portal	O
page	O
,	O
that	O
users	O
can	O
personalize	O
and	O
adjust	O
to	O
their	O
liking	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
has	O
its	O
own	O
authoring	O
environment	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
courses	O
,	O
learning	O
resources	O
and	O
course	O
elements	O
are	O
combined	O
into	O
elearning	O
courses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Courses	O
are	O
shared	O
among	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
instances	O
in	O
a	O
zip	B-General_Concept
file	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
contains	O
its	O
own	O
content	O
packaging	O
and	O
test	O
editors	O
,	O
which	O
create	O
IMS	O
content	O
packages	O
and	O
QTI	B-Language
tests	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPs	O
and	O
tests	O
created	O
in	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
can	O
be	O
easily	O
exported	O
and	O
imported	O
into	O
other	O
LMS	O
,	O
that	O
also	O
support	O
these	O
standardized	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
System	O
administrators	O
manage	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
in	O
the	O
administration	O
tab	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Extra	O
settings	O
of	O
courses	O
can	O
be	O
edited	O
and	O
saved	O
via	O
REST	B-Protocol
API	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
QTI	B-Language
test	O
statistics	O
allow	O
tests	O
in	O
courses	O
to	O
be	O
evaluated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Product	O
test	O
by	O
the	O
E-Learning-Journal	O
2012	O
in	O
the	O
category	O
Learning	B-Application
Management	I-Application
System	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenOLAT	B-Application
is	O
written	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
on	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
Servlet	B-Application
interfaces	O
and	O
runs	O
on	O
Windows	O
,	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	O
and	O
Linux	B-Application
environments	O
,	O
typically	O
on	O
a	O
Tomcat	B-Language
installation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
developed	O
and	O
distributed	O
under	O
an	O
Apache	B-Application
2.0	I-Application
open	I-Application
source	I-Application
license	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
SSL	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
secure	O
all	O
data	O
transactions	O
with	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
historical	O
reasons	O
,	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
uses	O
its	O
own	O
component-based	O
MVC	O
application	O
framework	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hibernate	B-Library
is	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
database	O
abstraction	O
layer	O
,	O
Spring	B-Application
is	O
used	O
for	O
configuration	O
,	O
Maven	B-Language
is	O
used	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
build	O
process	O
,	O
and	O
Mercurial	B-Protocol
is	O
used	O
as	O
revision	O
control	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
user	O
interface	O
is	O
written	O
in	O
HTML	O
,	O
CSS	O
and	O
JavaScript	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
built-in	O
Ajax	B-General_Concept
mechanism	O
allows	O
only	O
those	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
page	O
that	O
have	O
changed	O
to	O
be	O
refreshed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
is	O
still	O
a	O
young	O
LMS	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
not	O
yet	O
any	O
independent	O
literature	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
basic	O
principles	O
are	O
shared	O
with	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
and	O
therefore	O
its	O
literature	O
can	O
still	O
be	O
relevant	O
to	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
was	O
forked	O
from	O
OLAT	B-Protocol
7.1	O
,	O
literature	O
from	O
before	O
the	O
fork	B-Application
is	O
at	O
least	O
still	O
partially	O
valid	O
for	O
OpenOLAT	B-Application
.	O
</s>
