<s>
OpenLMI	B-Application
(	O
abbreviated	O
from	O
Open	O
Linux	B-Application
Management	O
Infrastructure	O
)	O
provides	O
a	O
common	O
management	O
infrastructure	O
for	O
Linux	B-Application
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Available	O
operations	O
include	O
configuration	O
of	O
various	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
parameters	O
and	O
services	O
,	O
hardware	O
components	O
configuration	O
,	O
and	O
monitoring	B-Application
of	O
system	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Services	O
provided	O
by	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
can	O
be	O
accessed	O
both	O
locally	O
and	O
remotely	O
,	O
using	O
multiple	O
programming	O
languages	O
and	O
standardized	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Project	O
's	O
source	O
code	O
is	O
distributed	O
under	O
the	O
GNU	B-Application
Lesser	I-Application
General	I-Application
Public	I-Application
License	I-Application
(	O
LGPL	B-Application
)	O
and	O
Simplified	B-License
BSD	I-License
License	I-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenLMI	B-Application
distinguishes	O
agents	B-General_Concept
,	O
controllers	O
and	O
client	O
applications	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
OpenLMI	B-Application
agents	B-General_Concept
perform	O
the	O
actual	O
operations	O
;	O
they	O
are	O
installed	O
and	O
run	O
on	O
managed	O
Linux	B-Application
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenLMI	B-Application
controllers	O
manage	O
the	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
agents	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Client	O
applications	O
talk	O
to	O
the	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
controllers	O
through	O
well-defined	O
interfaces	O
and	O
language	B-Application
bindings	I-Application
,	O
which	O
are	O
based	O
on	O
open	O
industry	O
standards	O
for	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
remote	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
delivering	O
a	O
complete	O
management	O
solution	O
,	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
provides	O
low-level	O
functions	O
and	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
by	O
,	O
or	O
integrated	O
into	O
,	O
various	O
management	O
platforms	O
,	O
applications	O
or	O
configuration	O
scripts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenLMI	B-Application
extends	O
the	O
already	O
existing	O
Linux	B-Application
infrastructure	O
by	O
providing	O
management	O
agents	B-General_Concept
which	O
also	O
perform	O
system	O
configuration	O
tasks	O
,	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
monitoring	B-Application
and	O
reporting	O
functions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
exporting	O
those	O
operations	O
through	O
standard-based	O
interfaces	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
providing	O
agents	B-General_Concept
performing	O
the	O
actual	O
operations	O
,	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
creates	O
a	O
management	O
framework	B-Architecture
that	O
various	O
applications	O
can	O
use	O
both	O
for	O
system	O
configuration	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
monitoring	B-Application
resources	O
and	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Usage	O
targets	O
for	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
include	O
bare-metal	O
production	O
servers	O
,	O
on	O
which	O
it	O
can	O
perform	O
initial	O
configurations	O
through	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
predefined	O
"	O
recipes	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
implemented	O
agents	B-General_Concept
primarily	O
perform	O
operations	O
related	O
to	O
storage	O
,	O
networking	O
and	O
local	O
user	O
accounts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Plans	O
exist	O
to	O
expand	O
the	O
variety	O
of	O
implemented	O
agents	B-General_Concept
,	O
aiming	O
at	O
providing	O
complete	O
coverage	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
management	O
and	O
configuration	O
tasks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
's	O
source	O
code	O
is	O
licensed	O
under	O
the	O
GNU	B-Application
Lesser	I-Application
General	I-Application
Public	I-Application
License	I-Application
(	O
LGPL	B-Application
)	O
and	O
Simplified	B-License
BSD	I-License
License	I-License
(	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
FreeBSD	O
License	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Based	O
on	O
their	O
placement	O
and	O
usage	O
role	O
,	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
architecture	O
contains	O
two	O
major	O
components	O
:	O
management	O
modules	B-General_Concept
(	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
agents	B-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
and	O
management	O
tools	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
set	O
of	O
management	O
modules	B-General_Concept
is	O
installed	O
and	O
running	O
on	O
each	O
of	O
the	O
managed	O
systems	O
,	O
performing	O
the	O
configuration	O
and	O
monitoring	B-Application
tasks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Management	O
tools	O
are	O
running	O
on	O
a	O
management	O
system	O
,	O
performing	O
aggregation	O
of	O
the	O
collected	O
monitoring	B-Application
data	O
,	O
and	O
dispatching	O
the	O
requests	O
to	O
management	O
modules	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
agents	B-General_Concept
are	O
talking	O
to	O
the	O
outside	O
world	O
through	O
an	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
Object	O
Broker	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
a	O
controller	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
object	B-General_Concept
request	I-General_Concept
broker	I-General_Concept
provides	O
a	O
standard-based	O
communications	O
protocol	O
,	O
handles	O
the	O
security	O
and	O
access	O
control	O
,	O
and	O
provides	O
deployment	O
methods	O
for	O
the	O
agents	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
build	O
all	O
required	O
logic	O
into	O
an	O
agent	O
,	O
the	O
general	O
approach	O
is	O
to	O
use	O
and	O
invoke	O
existing	O
Linux	B-Application
tools	O
;	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
's	O
network	O
agent	O
uses	O
the	O
NetworkManager	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
the	O
storage	O
agent	O
uses	O
the	O
Blivet	O
storage	O
library	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
actual	O
communication	O
protocol	O
is	O
using	O
XML	B-Protocol
data	O
transferred	O
over	O
HTTPS	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
use	O
XML	B-Protocol
directly	O
,	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
client	O
libraries	B-Library
provides	O
native	O
interfaces	O
for	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
programming	O
languages	O
;	O
client	O
libraries	B-Library
supplied	O
by	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
provide	O
support	O
for	O
C	B-Language
,	O
C++	B-Language
,	O
Python	B-Language
and	O
Java	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
interfaces	O
are	O
implemented	O
as	O
language	B-Application
bindings	I-Application
to	O
the	O
operations	O
in	O
underlying	O
system	O
agents	B-General_Concept
,	O
with	O
all	O
supplied	O
libraries	B-Library
providing	O
the	O
same	O
feature	O
sets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
for	O
command-line	B-Application
interface	I-Application
(	O
CLI	O
)	O
utilities	O
is	O
also	O
provided	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Internally	O
,	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Distributed	O
Management	O
Task	O
Force	O
(	O
DMTF	O
)	O
Common	O
Information	O
Model	O
(	O
CIM	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
internal	O
functions	O
exposed	O
in	O
form	O
of	O
CIM	O
namespaces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
few	O
open-source	O
CIM	O
clients	O
are	O
available	O
,	O
as	O
an	O
additional	O
way	O
for	O
using	O
data	O
and	O
operations	O
exported	O
through	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenLMI	B-Application
agents	B-General_Concept
,	O
also	O
called	O
providers	O
,	O
do	O
the	O
actual	O
work	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenLMI	B-Application
distribution	O
includes	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
standard	O
management	O
agents	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
also	O
includes	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
development	O
resources	O
required	O
for	O
developing	O
new	O
agents	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Standard	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
agents	B-General_Concept
,	O
,	O
are	O
the	O
following	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Networking	O
Agent	O
configures	O
and	O
manages	O
network	B-Protocol
interface	I-Protocol
controllers	I-Protocol
(	O
NICs	O
)	O
and	O
Linux	B-Application
networking	O
configuration	O
in	O
general	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
enumerate	O
(	O
discover	O
)	O
and	O
configure	O
devices	O
,	O
including	O
configuration	O
of	O
IPv4	O
and	O
IPv6	O
addresses	O
,	O
default	O
gateways	O
,	O
DNS	O
servers	O
,	O
management	O
of	O
static	O
routes	O
,	O
and	O
configuration	O
of	O
interfaces	O
bridging	B-Protocol
and	O
bonding	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
System	O
Services	O
Agent	O
performs	O
the	O
management	O
operations	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
system	O
services	O
and	O
underlying	O
background	B-Operating_System
processes	I-Operating_System
,	O
by	O
exposing	O
the	O
ability	O
for	O
services	O
to	O
be	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
started	O
,	O
stopped	O
or	O
restarted	O
through	O
the	O
standard	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
agent	O
also	O
has	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
enumerate	O
(	O
discover	O
)	O
available	O
system	O
services	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
systemd	B-Application
's	O
D-Bus	B-Language
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	O
Accounts	O
Agent	O
configures	O
and	O
manages	O
local	O
user	O
accounts	O
,	O
local	O
user	O
groups	O
,	O
groups	O
membership	O
,	O
and	O
accounts	O
parameters	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
default	O
shell	B-Operating_System
,	O
home	B-Application
directory	I-Application
,	O
password	O
,	O
and	O
password	O
expiration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Software	B-General_Concept
Agent	I-General_Concept
configures	O
and	O
manages	O
software	B-Application
packages	I-Application
on	O
a	O
managed	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
has	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
verify	O
integrity	O
of	O
installed	O
packages	O
and	O
their	O
files	O
,	O
while	O
using	O
all	O
configured	O
repositories	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Provided	O
information	O
includes	O
the	O
CPU-related	O
data	O
(	O
number	O
of	O
cores	O
,	O
clock	O
and	O
FSB	B-Architecture
speeds	O
,	O
cache	B-General_Concept
sizes	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
)	O
,	O
system	O
memory	B-Architecture
(	O
size	O
,	O
speed	O
,	O
available	O
memory	B-Architecture
slots	O
,	O
installed	O
modules	B-General_Concept
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
)	O
,	O
and	O
PCI	B-Protocol
devices	O
and	O
bridges	O
(	O
available	O
buses	B-General_Concept
,	O
IDs	B-Architecture
of	I-Architecture
devices	I-Architecture
,	O
device	O
vendors	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Journald	O
Agent	O
provides	O
access	O
to	O
logging	B-Application
records	O
through	O
the	O
standard	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
a	O
client	O
of	O
systemd	B-Application
's	O
journald	O
service	O
,	O
accessing	O
the	O
journald	O
records	O
in	O
several	O
ways	O
and	O
providing	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
store	O
new	O
log	O
records	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Journald	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
structured	O
logging	B-Application
system	O
,	O
stores	O
supplemental	O
information	O
along	O
each	O
record	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
easier	O
to	O
find	O
and	O
extract	O
information	O
from	O
the	O
resulting	O
log	B-Application
files	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Performance	O
CoPilot	O
Agent	O
provides	O
access	O
to	O
various	O
system	O
statistics	O
and	O
performance	O
monitoring	B-Application
data	O
collected	O
by	O
the	O
Performance	B-Protocol
Co-Pilot	I-Protocol
(	O
PCP	O
)	O
service	O
running	O
locally	O
on	O
a	O
monitored	O
host	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PCP	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
providing	O
monitoring	B-Application
data	O
for	O
various	O
services	O
,	O
including	O
web	O
,	O
email	O
and	O
database	B-Application
servers	I-Application
,	O
and	O
virtualization	B-General_Concept
environments	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Collected	O
data	O
may	O
have	O
any	O
type	O
of	O
value	O
,	O
including	O
integers	O
,	O
strings	O
,	O
floating	B-Algorithm
point	I-Algorithm
numbers	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
arbitrary	O
composite	B-General_Concept
data	I-General_Concept
structures	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenLMI	B-Application
is	O
different	O
from	O
other	O
configuration	O
management	O
systems	O
like	O
Puppet	B-Application
or	O
Bcfg2	B-Device
,	O
in	O
a	O
way	O
that	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
does	O
not	O
require	O
details	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
configuration	O
to	O
be	O
already	O
known	O
in	O
order	O
for	O
appropriate	O
configuration	O
recipes	O
to	O
be	O
created	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
nature	O
of	O
the	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
may	O
provide	O
advantages	O
in	O
case	O
initial	O
configuration	O
is	O
to	O
be	O
performed	O
on	O
a	O
broader	O
variety	O
of	O
systems	O
having	O
different	O
hardware	O
configurations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Red	O
Hat	O
Enterprise	O
Linux	B-Application
7.0	O
includes	O
support	O
for	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
since	O
the	O
first	O
beta	O
release	O
of	O
this	O
Linux	B-Application
distribution	I-Application
,	O
which	O
was	O
made	O
available	O
on	O
December	O
11	O
,	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fedora	O
20	O
,	O
released	O
on	O
December	O
17	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
also	O
includes	O
support	O
for	O
OpenLMI	B-Application
.	O
</s>
